清单01 选择性必修第一册 重点单词变形词组短语句型（讲解版）.docx

Unit1 Food Matters目标导学重点词汇1mood n情绪，心情；气氛，氛围2flavour n味，味道；特点，特色 vt.给调味，加味于3link vt.联系，相关联；把连接起来 n联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接4native n出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人 adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的5bond n纽带，联系；连接，结合6digest vt.& vi.消化；领会，理解 n摘要，文摘7lower vt.降低，减少；把放低，使降下 adj.下面的；在底部的；低洼的8enhance vt.提高，增强9boil vi.& vt.用沸水煮；(使)沸腾10scenery n风景，景色；舞台布景11atmosphere n气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气12version n变体，变种；说法；版本13mild adj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的14bakery n面包(糕饼)店15bitter adj.味苦的；激烈的；令人难过的；严寒的16loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的17expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述18multiple adj.数量多的，多样的19plain adj.朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n平原20property n性质，特性；所有物，财产；不动产21estimate vt.估计，估价 n估计；估计的成本22essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的23concept n概念，观念24stimulate vt.刺激，使兴奋；促进，激发25appetite n食欲，胃口；强烈欲望26delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的词汇拓展1combination n结合体，联合体combine vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合2greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的3gently adv.轻柔地，温和地gentle adj.温和的；文雅的4association n联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往associate v联想，联系；(使)关联5vary vi.相异，不同；变化 vt.变更，改变various adj.各种各样的；多方面的variety n多样；种类；多样化6relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解relief n救济；减轻，解除；安慰7generate vt.产生，引起generation n一代；产生；一代人；生殖8impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给留下深刻印象；使意识到impression n印象；效果9security n安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证secure adj.安全的10adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢11foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的fog n雾12appropriate adj.合适的appropriately adv.适当地；合适地13consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)consumer n消费者；顾客14innovation n创造，创新；新思想，新方法innovate vi.创新；改革；革新 15emphasis n强调，重视；重读emphasize vt.强调，着重16wrapper n(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸wrap vt.包；缠绕17mixture n混合物；混合，结合mix v(使)混合重点词组1do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的2cry out for 迫切需要3throw oneself into 投身于4out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了5refer to 参考；涉及；指的是6make up for弥补7tie up with 和有密切关系8cheer sb.up使某人振作起来9let sth.loose放任，释放10hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要11fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃12together with 和；连同13be covered with被盖满；充满着14start off出发；开始15all year round 全年；一整年16take off 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行重点句型1whose 引导定语从句Last week，we took part in a programme whose theme was “How to Stimulate Childrens Interest in Study”上周，我们参加了一个主题为“如何激发孩子的学习兴趣”的节目。2in which引导非限制性定语从句This is my first visit to the theme park，in which I meet the cartoon characters I like most.这是我第一次参观这个主题公园，在这里我遇到了我最喜欢的卡通人物。3不定式作状语He lifted a heavy stone，only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起一块大石头，结果砸了自己的脚。4what引导名词性从句About Mount Tai，what attracts people most is its unique scenery，such as the sunrise and the waterfall.关于泰山，最吸引人的是它的独特风景，如日出和瀑布。5it作形式主语It is a great honor to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions on Beijing Opera.很荣幸能在这里发表演讲，与大家分享我对京剧的看法。知识精讲知识点01 教材P2 It can also do more than that它（食物）能做的还不止如此。more than句中more than表示“不只是，不仅仅是”。实际上，more than有多个义项，现将其用法归纳如下：more than名词代词 more than 表示:“不只是，不仅仅是”。more than数词 more than表示:“超过，多于”，相当于over，其反义短语为less than（少于，不超过）。more than形容词副词过去分词动词more than 表示:“非常，极为”，相当于very（much）。more than从句（句中常含有can或could） more than表示“超出.的范围”。He is more than a father;he is also a friend.他不只是一个父亲，还是一个朋友。More than 1,000 people attended the meeting.参加会议的人数超过1000。To be frank,I am more than satisfied with what he has one.坦白说，我对他所做的事情非常满意。She was dressed more than simply.她的穿着太朴素了。This problem is more than I can understand.这个问题我理解不了。more.than.与其说.倒不如说.not more than 顶多，不超过no more than 仅仅less than少于，不足no less than 多达rather than 而不是other than除了用than的相关短语完成句子1. 我们将在教室举行会议而不是在大厅。We will have the meeting in the classroom_ in the hall.2. 会议只持续了一个小时。The meeting lasted_an hour.3. 他不到15岁就得工作。He had to work at the age of _15.4. 这个合同只能由你自己签署。The contract cannot be signed by anyone_ yourself.【答案】1.rather than 2.no more than 3.not more than 4.other than知识点02 教材P2 No matter how bad my mood is，that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits.combination n结合体，联合体；联合，混合(1)in combination with与联合(2)combine v使结合；联合；混合combine.and/with.把与结合(1)What an unusual combination of flavours！ I cant wait to taste it.(2)The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners.(3)Combine the eggs with a little flour and heat the mixture gently.单句语法填空/单句写作(1)His treatment was a (combine) of surgery，radiation and drugs.(2)Technological innovations， (combine) with good marketing，will promote the sales of these products.(3)这个事件之后，他不得不与当地一家公司合作去实现目标。 .(4)到目前为止，她已经成功地把家庭和事业结合起来了。 .【答案】bined3.After the incident，he had to reach his goal in combination with a local company4.She has combined her family with/and her career successfully so far知识点03 教材P2 In this article，we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind.association n联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往(1)in association with与交往(2)associate vt.把联想起来associate with.与交往(3)associated adj.有关的；相关的be associated with与相关(1) Every party needs a straight person.Youll appear fun and funny by association.(2)We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.(3)I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.(4)Some people say that classical music is associated with old people.单句语法填空/单句写作(1)The young man became famous through his (associate) with the group of poets.(2)They will hold a meeting to discuss something (associate) with music.(3)说实话，我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。 .【答案】1.association2.associated3.To be honest，I dont like you to associate with those people知识点04 教材P2 They vary from person to person，depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives.vary vi.相异，不同，变化 vt.变更，改变(1)vary from.to.从到变化(2)various adj.不同的；各种各样的(3)variety n多样性；变化；种类a variety of多种多样的(1)My doctor told me that I should vary my diet more.(2)Youd better take more clothes，for the weather there varies from hour to hour.(3)Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups.(4)However，a variety of types is represented here.单句语法填空/单句写作(1)The girl tried many kinds of jobs，varying from a teacher a cook.(2)Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the (vary) food choices on the menu.(3)As we all know，Chinese food is famous for its wide (vary) throughout the world.(4)那个俱乐部把娱乐和学习结合起来，提供各种各样的活动。 .【答案】1.to 2.various3.variety4.The club combines study with fun，offering a variety of activitiesdepend on/upon（1）取决于，由······决定。常见搭配：depend onupon sb.sth.wh-从句how.视······而定，取决于······How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.你需要多少睡眠时间在很大程度上取决于你的年龄。Whether you can win the prize depends on your behavior.你是否能赢得这个奖取决于你的表现。（2）依靠，信赖；相信，指望；需要。常见搭配：depend onupon sb.sth.依靠信赖指望某人某物depend onupon sb.（for sth.）需要依靠某人（提供资金、帮助等）depend on/upon sb. to do sth. =depend on/upon sb./sb.s doing sth.依靠指望某人做某事We shouldn't depend on our parents for money.我们不应该在钱上依靠父母。We depend on them to fulfill the task assigned to them.我们指望他们完成布置给他们的任务。dependence n.依赖，依靠dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的independent adj.独立的，自主的independence n.独立；自立（2）depend构成的其他搭配：ThatIt（all）depends.那得看情况（而定）。（交际用语）完成句子1.Frozen bananas will last several weeks,depending_their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.2.Despite modern society's heavy_(depend) on fossil fuels for energy,most people are aware that the supply of these fuels is limited.3.-Are you going to Emma's party?-I don't know-_depends.【答案】1.upon/on 2.dependence 3.that/it知识点05 教材P3 One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots，giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness.relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解(1)relieve sb.of sth.帮某人拿重物；帮某人减轻负担(2)relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的(3)relief n宽慰；轻松；解脱in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气to ones relief让某人感到宽慰的是(1)I often listen to some soft music to relieve anxiety.(2)The new secretary will relieve us of some of the paperwork.(3)Im relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.(4)Those who suffer from headache will find they get relief from this medicine.单句语法填空/完成句子1. When the woman saw that her son was OK after the car accident,she said_relief,“Well,dear,you are the most important for me,not the expensive car."2. In 1961 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to_ (relief) worldwide starvation.3. 听说他在事故中幸免于难，真是让人欣慰。_hear that he survived the accident.【答案】1.in/with 2.relieve 3.It is a relief to知识点06 教材P2 Whenever I feel lonely，I have a secret recipe that never fails：rice，milk and sugar，cooked low and slow.“疑问词-ever”引导的从句（1）“疑问代词:whatever/whichever/whoever/whomever可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句。引导让步状语从句时，whateverwhicheverwhoeverwhomever 分别相当于 no matter whatwhichwhowhom。Whatever(=No matter what) difficulty you meet with on he way to success，you should never lose heart.不管你在成功的首路上遇到什么困难，你绝不应灰心。Whoever(=No matter who) you are,you must obey the school regulations.不管你是谁，你都必须遵守校规。引导名词性从句时，“疑问代词+-ever”相当于anything that 或 anyone who，此时不能用“no matter+疑问代词”替换。It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.人们普遍认为给孩子他她想要的任何东西是不明智的。（whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中做宾语，相当于anything that)Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.无论是谁最后离开房间都应该把灯关掉。（Whoever引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，相当于Anyone who）（2）“疑问副词-ever”：whereverwheneverhowever引导让步状语从句时分别相当于 no matter wherewhenhow。wherever也可以引导地点状语从句。Wherever( = No matter where) I go,my affection for my hometown will never change.无论我去哪里，我对家乡的爱永远不会变。You can ask for help whenever( = no matter when) you need it.你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。However( = No matter how) late he was,his mother would always wait for him to have dinner together.不管他回来多晚，他的母亲总会等他一起吃晚饭。You can sit wherever you like.你爱坐哪儿就坐哪儿。（wherever引导地点状语从句）(1)Whenever we get into trouble，they come to help us.(2)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.(3)You can take whatever you like when you get there.一句多译/完成句子(1)无论我做出什么决定，我的老师和父母都支持我。 ，my teacher and my parents will support me. ，my teacher and my parents will support me.(2)任何乐于助人的人在这里都会被尊敬。 will be respected here.(3)无论他说什么，我都无法感到宽慰。 ，I couldnt feel relieved.【答案】1.Whatever decision I make，No matter what decision I make2.Whoever is ready to help others3.Whatever/No matter what he said知识点07 教材P2 Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick，not to mention the lovely creamy flavour，which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood.do the trick奏效；起作用；达到目的(1)play a trick on sb.捉弄某人(2)trick sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事trick sb.out of sth.从某人处骗走某物(3)表示“捉弄，拿.开玩笑”的短语play a joke/jokes on sb.拿某人开玩笑make a fool of sb.愚弄某人make fun of sb.拿某人开玩笑tease sb. about sth.就某事逗弄某人用trick的相关短语完成句子1. 那个淘气的男孩经常捉弄他的同班同学。The naughty boy often_his classmates.2. 昨天那个老妇人被骗走了所有的钱。The old woman_all her money yesterday.3. 刚才那个男人骗我们买了他的产品。That man_his products just now.【答案】1.play a trick/tricks on 2. was tricked out of 3.tricked us into buying知识点08 教材P2 If we grow up eating certain foods in our family，then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions.link vt.联系，相关联；连接起来 n联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接(1)link.to/with.把和连接起来/联系起来be linked to.被连接到link up with使连接；使结合(2)a link between.and.和之间的联系There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.有可靠证据表明日光暴晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。单句语法填空/完成句子1.（2021·北京卷改编）When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day, trying to link new experiences_old memories.2. Health problems are closely connected_bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.3. Wealth is seldom related_happiness.4. The island is joined_the mainland by a bridge.5. 这些摄像机是与一台功能强大的计算机相连接的。（link）The video cameras_a powerful computer.6. 我过去一年不曾跟这个项目有关联。（associate）I_the project over the last year.【答案】1.to/with 2.with 3.to 4.to 5.are linked to/with 6.havent been associated with 知识点09 教材P7 As long as you are not afraid of heights，you will be impressed by Sky Buffet，the latest restaurant in the city centre.impress vt.使留下深刻印象；使铭记(1)impress sth.on/upon sb.impress sb.with sth.使某人牢记某事be impressed by/with.对印象深刻(2)impression n印象；影响；印记；感想leave/make a(n).impression on/upon sb.给某人留下一个的印象(3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的(1)Our boss often impresses the importance of creativity on/upon us.(2)She impressed the audience with the song Where Did the Time Go at the stage.(3)A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.(4)His impressive performance on the stage yesterday left/made a deep impression on/upon his audience.单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级(1)After hearing Steves playing，Naomi deeply (impress) by his music.(2)My first (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.(3) (令我们最吃惊的) is your painting technique，in which you have showed outstanding talent.(4)I was impressed by the beautiful scenery and forgot to go back home in time.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) ，I forgot to go back home in time.【答案】1.was ，impressed2.impression3.What impresses us most4.Impressed by the beautiful scenery知识点10 教材11 Over time，it has expanded to include multiple options of soups，vegetables，meats and sauces，appealing to people of different tastes.expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展；详谈，详述(1)expand into.扩大为expand on/upon 详谈(2)expansion n扩大；扩张；扩充易混词用法expand既指尺寸的增加，又指活动范围和体积的增大Water expands when it freezes.水结冰时体积变大。extend延伸，延长（道路、时间等），扩大（范围、影响力等），伸展（手臂、腿等）The show has been extended for another six weeks.展览会延长了六周。spread把（物）铺开、展开，（疾病或火等）蔓延，（消息、思想等）流传，传播The disease spread quickly around the village.这种疾病在这个村庄里迅速蔓延。stretch伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长Trying stretching your legs and pulling your toes upwards.试着双腿伸直并且向上拉伸脚趾。(1)The narrow path we used to walk on in my childhood has expanded into a wide road.(2)The elderly scientist was too weak to expand