高考英语状语从句省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx
状状 语语 从从 句句 状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中动词，形容状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中动词，形容词，副词等。状语从句放在主句之前，惯用逗号分开词，副词等。状语从句放在主句之前，惯用逗号分开；放在主句之后，普通不用逗号。状语从句按其意义；放在主句之后，普通不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目标、结果和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目标、结果、方式、比较、地点等九种。、方式、比较、地点等九种。第1页（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句1、时间状语从句惯用连词有、时间状语从句惯用连词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,as soon as,hardly.when,scarcelywhen,no sooner.than,the moment,the instant等。等。2、时间、时间/条件状语从句普通不用未来时，所以，主句条件状语从句普通不用未来时，所以，主句若为未来时，时间状语从句要用普通现在时。若为未来时，时间状语从句要用普通现在时。eg.Ill go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.第2页while 后只可接时间后只可接时间段段，表，表“当当时候时候”；还可表；还可表示示 “而，然而而，然而”when 后接时间后接时间点点或时间或时间段，段，表表“当当时候时候”；还可；还可表表 示示“这时，突然这时，突然”（用在句型中）及（用在句型中）及“既然既然”eg.While/when I was reading,he came in.As he walked along the street,he sang happily.as 引导连续性动作，强调主句和从句动作同引导连续性动作，强调主句和从句动作同 时发生，译为时发生，译为“一边一边一边一边”When he came in,we were having a meeting.3、连词、连词when,while和和as都表示都表示“当当时候时候”，（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句第3页4、till或或until表示表示“一直到一直到时时”，主句和从句都用，主句和从句都用必定式，主句用延续性动词；表示必定式，主句用延续性动词；表示“直到直到才才”时，时，主句用否定式，用终止性动词，从句用必定式。主句用否定式，用终止性动词，从句用必定式。till不不能置于句首。能置于句首。e.g He worked till/until it was dark.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句 He did not get up till/until his mother came in.第4页5、as soon as,the instant和和the moment/the minute/the second引导从句表示引导从句表示“一一就就”；no sooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when引导从引导从句表示句表示“刚刚就就”，主句中动词普通用过去完成时，主句中动词普通用过去完成时，从句用普通过去时，而且当此短语置于从句用普通过去时，而且当此短语置于句首句首时，主句应时，主句应半倒装半倒装。e.g.I recognized her the instant I saw her.Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a noise.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句第5页（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句5、before&since若表示若表示“还未还未就就”“”“不到不到就就”“”“才才”“”“趁，还没来得及趁，还没来得及”时，用时，用before,从句中谓语不用否定式。从句中谓语不用否定式。eg.We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.Please write it down before you forget it.Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.第6页It+be+时间段时间段+before “多久之后才多久之后才”It+be+not+时间段时间段+before “没多久就没多久就”e.g.It will be half a year before I come back.It wasnt long before we met again.since从句谓语动词普通是终止性动词，主句谓语动词从句谓语动词普通是终止性动词，主句谓语动词是延续性或表示重复发生过动作。从句时态若是是延续性或表示重复发生过动作。从句时态若是 普通过普通过去时，主句时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。去时，主句时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。e.g.I have written home four times since I came here.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句第7页It+时间段时间段+since+was 普通过去时普通过去时 过去完成时过去完成时终止性动词终止性动词（直译直译）延续性动词延续性动词（反义反义）is beeg.It is 3 years since she was my wife.It is 3 years since she became my wife.Her mother said it was 12 years since her father had died.He said it was 2 weeks since he had smoked.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句第8页（二）原因状语从句（二）原因状语从句because 强调从句强调从句,表直接因果关系侧重回答表直接因果关系侧重回答“为什为什 么么”since 侧重主句侧重主句,从句所表示只是显然或已知从句所表示只是显然或已知 理由理由,“,“既然既然”now that“既然既然”,”,和和since意义和使用方法相同意义和使用方法相同,that可可 省省,用来表示一个新情况用来表示一个新情况,再来加以推论。再来加以推论。for 语气最弱，不能置于句首，表补充说明或推语气最弱，不能置于句首，表补充说明或推 测理由测理由(并列句）并列句）Now(that)you are free today,you may have a rest at home.as 主从句并重，较口语化，用得较普遍主从句并重，较口语化，用得较普遍惯用惯用because,since,as,for,now that等引导。等引导。第9页（三）地点状语从句（三）地点状语从句 地点状语从句惯用地点状语从句惯用where,wherever等连词引导；等连词引导；注意不要和注意不要和where引导定语从句相混同。引导定语从句相混同。eg.Make a mark where you have questions.Make a mark at the place where you have questions.(状语从句状语从句)(定语从句定语从句)第10页（四）条件状语从句（四）条件状语从句 条件状语从句用条件状语从句用if,unless/if.not,as/so long as(只要只要),in case(万一万一),on condition that(条件是条件是),suppose(that)(假设，用于问句假设，用于问句),provided(that)等等词引导。假如主句是未来时，条件状语从句用普通时表示。词引导。假如主句是未来时，条件状语从句用普通时表示。eg.As long as I live,I shall work hard.I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.In case there is a fire,what will you do first?Suppose(that)they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?第11页（五）让步状语从句（五）让步状语从句 让步状语从句由让步状语从句由although/though,as,even if,however,whatever,no matter who/how.等词引导。等词引导。eg.Although he is clever,he doesnt study well.No matter who asks for advice,she is always ready to help.注意：由注意：由asas引导让步状语从句，须将作表语形容词或引导让步状语从句，须将作表语形容词或名词（不用冠词）放在句首。名词（不用冠词）放在句首。eg.Clever as he is,he doesnt study well.Child as he is,he knows a lot.第12页（六）结果状语从句（六）结果状语从句 结果状语从句普通由结果状语从句普通由so that,so.that,such.that引导，放在主句之后。引导，放在主句之后。eg.It is so heavy a box that nobody can move it.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.第13页eg.They started early so that they might arrive in time.He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.目状语从句常由that,so that,in order that(从句中常用may,can,should等情态动词)放在主句之后。（七）目状语从句第14页（八）方式状语从句（八）方式状语从句 方式状语从句放在主句之后，用方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as,just as,as if,as though等引导。等引导。as if和和as though引导从句普通用引导从句普通用虚拟语气，但假如从句中所陈说情况很可能实现，也可虚拟语气，但假如从句中所陈说情况很可能实现，也可用陈说语气。用陈说语气。eg.The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.You may do as you please.第15页（九）比较状语从句（九）比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由比较状语从句常由as.as;than;not so.as;the more.,the more.等词引导。比较从句部分是等词引导。比较从句部分是省略句。省略句。eg.I know you do better than he does.The more we can do for you,the happier we will be.第16页状语从句中省略状语从句中省略 时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句中假如主从句主语一致，从句谓语部分含有中假如主从句主语一致，从句谓语部分含有be动词，动词，则可省略从句中则可省略从句中主语及主语及be动词。动词。eg.Dont speak until spoken to.Once seen,it can never be forgotten.Unless repaired,the machine is of no use.She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone.第17页
