新概念-New-Concept-English-Book-2-新概念英语第二册省公共课一等奖全国赛课.pptx
第1页新概念二Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道第2页TheChannelTunnel-Theworldslongestunderseatunnel第3页WhatisUnderseatunnel?Anunderseatunnelisatunnelwhichispartlyorwhollyconstructedunderabodyofwater.Advantages:Tunnelingwillgeneratesoilthathasbeenexcavatedekskvetidandthiscanbeusedtocreatenewland,aswasdonewiththesoiloftheChannelTunnel.Travellingthroughatunnelissignificantlyquickerandwontbeinfluenceduringadverseweather第4页TheChannelTunnelalsoreferredtoastheChunnelisa50.5-kilometreundersearailtunnellinkingFolkestoneintheUnitedKingdomwithCalaisinnorthernFrancebeneaththeEnglishChannelattheStraitofDover.ProfileofTheChannelTunnel:第5页Atitslowestpoint,itis75metersdeep.At37.9kilometers,theChannelTunnelpossessesthelongestunderseaportionofanytunnelintheworld,althoughtheSeikanTunnelinJapanisbothlongeroverallat53.85kilometers,anddeeperat240metersbelowsealevel.TheSeikanTunnelTheChannelTunnel第6页Ideasforacross-Channelfixedlinkappearedasearlyas1802beganconstructionin1988andopenedin1994eventuallyclosedinforincident第7页TheBritishChannelTunnelGroupconsistedoftwobanksandfiveconstructioncompanies,whiletheirFrenchcounterparts.TheFrenchChannelTunnelGroupconsistedofthreebanksandfiveconstructioncompanies.Thedesignandconstructionwasdonebythetenconstructioncompanies.Engineering：第8页Geologicalprofilealongthetunnelasconstructed:ThegeologygenerallyconsistsofnortheasterlydippingCretaceousstrata.Forthemajorityofitslengththetunnelboresthroughachalkmarlstratum.Successfultunnellingunderthechannelrequiredtheselectionofthebestrockstrata.第9页Typicaltunnelcrosssection:withaservicetunnelbetweentwinrailtunnels.Shownlinkingtherailtunnelsisapistonreliefduct,necessarytomanagepressurechangesduetothemovementoftrains第10页Construction：PrecastsegmentalliningsinthemainTBMdriveswereused,butdifferentsolutionswereusedontheEnglishandFrenchsides.OntheFrenchside,neopreneandgroutsealedboltedliningsmadeofcastironorhigh-strengthreinforcedconcretewereused.OntheEnglishside,themainrequirementwasforspeedandboltingofcast-ironliningsegmentswasonlycarriedoutinareasofpoorgeology.第11页Background information英吉利海峡隧道（The Channel Tunnel)又称英法海底隧道或欧洲隧道（Eurotunnel)，是一条把英国英伦三岛连接往欧洲法国铁路隧道，于1994年5月6日开通。它由三条长51km平行隧洞组成，总长度153km，其中海底段隧洞长度为338km，是当前世界上最长海底世界上最长海底隧道隧道。从1986年2月12日法、英两国签署关于隧道连接坎特布利条约（Treaty of Canterbury)到1994年5月7日正式通车，历时8年多，耗资约100亿英镑（约150亿美元），也是世界上规模最大利用私人资本私人资本建造工程项目。隧道长度50千米，仅次于次于次于次于日本青函隧道。海底长度39千米。单程需35分钟。第12页第13页第14页第15页第16页Channel Tunnel第17页Length:560 km(350 miles)Width:34-240 km(21-150 miles)(Its narrowest part is between Dover in England and Cape Gris-Nez,near Galasis,in France.)Depth:120-45 meters(400-500 feet)(1 km=0.6214 miles)(1 meter=3.28 feet)The English Channel第18页汉字：汉字：英吉利海峡隧道英吉利海峡隧道英文：英文：(The English Channel Tunnel）昵称：昵称：Chunnel法文：法文：le tunnel sous la Manchele tunnel sous la Manche又称：又称：海峡隧道、英法海底隧道或欧洲隧道海峡隧道、英法海底隧道或欧洲隧道 (Euro Tunnel)第19页Thetunnelconsistsofthreeinterconnectedtubes:onerailtrackeachwayplusoneservicetunnelItslengthis31milesofwhich23milesareunderwaterItsaveragedepthis150feetunderwater第20页新圣哥达St.Gotthard隧道(瑞士).57.6km()布雷纳BasisBrenner隧道(奥意).55.6km(2022)青函海峡隧道(日本).53.85km(1988)里昂-都灵间Ambin隧道(法意).52.11km(2025)英吉利海峡隧道(英法).49.50km(1994)第21页Channel Tunnel InaugurationOnMay6th,1994,FranceandBritainopenedaneweraintheirhistoryofconflict.TheFrenchPresidentandtheBritishQueencuttheribbonatthededicationceremonyfortheChunnel.第22页第23页第24页textIn1858,aFrenchengineer,AimeThomedeGamond,arrivedinEnglandwithaplanforatwenty-one-miletunnelundertheEnglishChannel.HesaidthatitwouldbepossibletobuildaplatforminthecentreoftheChannel.Thisplatformwouldserveasaportandarailwaystation.Thetunnelwouldbewell-ventilatediftallchimneyswerebuiltabovesealevel.In1860,abetterplanwasputforwardbyanEnglishman,WilliamLow.Hesuggestedthatadoublerailway-tunnelshouldbebuilt.第25页Thiswouldsolvetheproblemofventilation,forifatrainenteredthistunnel,itwoulddrawinfreshairbehindit.Forty-twoyearslateratunnelwasactuallybegun.If,atthetime,theBritishhadnotfearedinvasion,itwouldhavebeencompleted.Theworldhadtowaitalmostanother100yearsfortheChannelTunnel.ItwasofficiallyopenedonMarch7,1994,finallyconnectingBritaintotheEuropeancontinent.第26页 The 17 century planThe 17 century plan第27页 New words and expressions第28页Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语tunneln.隧道portn.港口ventilatev.通风chimneyn.烟囱sealevel海平面doubleadj.双ventilationn.通风fearv.害怕invasionn.入侵，侵略officiallyadv.正式地connectv.连接Europeanadj.欧洲continentn.大陆第29页tunneln隧道channel海峡/TheChannel:英吉利海峡portn港口airport航空港ventilatev通风air:airtheroom,please给房间通通风第30页chimneyn烟囱sealevel海平面doubleadj双DINK:doubleincome,nokid.字母W读音就是:“doubleu”意为两个u组成w.couple/pair两个acoupleofweeksapairofshoes/socks/glasses一副眼镜第31页ventilationn通风ForcedVentilation强制排风系统forcen.力量,武力,精力,魄力,势力,暴力,复军队,影响力 vt.强制,强加,(用武力)夺取,促使,推进,施加压力forcedadj.被迫,强迫,动用武力第32页fearv害怕fright/frighten/frightening/frightened/frightfulbeafraidof/fear是习惯性/人做主语frighten/scare是因某件突然事情才让你产生了害怕情绪/句子后边部分是人第33页sbfearsth:Ifeareddarkness./Ifeardogs.beafraidof:Iamafraidofdogs.beafraidthat:canyouhelpme?IamafraidIcant(恐怕)/Iamafraidnot.等同于 I am sorry.第34页sthfrightensb./sthscaresb:youfrightened/scaredme.Thedoyfrightenedme./thefilmscaredme.horrifyv.使恐怖,使极度厌恶,惊骇horrifiedadj.惊悸,带有恐怖感,惊骇第35页invasionn入侵,侵略invadein5veidvt.侵略,侵袭,拥挤invadeinvasion/decidedecisionofficiallyadv正式地official(官方正式)/formally(普通正式)officeofficialconnectv连接connectsthwith/toconnectAwithB(A和B平等)/connectAtoB(A连到B上去)第36页Europeanadj欧洲continentn大陆EuropeanContinent:欧洲大陆第37页,port ventilateTunnel 第38页chimneydoublesea level第39页Fearinvasion continent第40页 connectofficiallyEurope第41页 chimney timni n.n.烟囱烟囱,烟筒烟筒 air chimney air chimney 通风管通风管第42页Words/phrases 单词与词组单词与词组tunneln.隧道portn.港口ventilatev.通风chimneyn.烟囱sea level海平面doubleadj.双ventilationn.通风platform n.平台 fearv.害怕invasionn.入侵，侵略officiallyadv.正式地connectv.连接Europeanadj.欧洲continentn.大陆possible adj.可能fresh adj.新鲜第43页Words/phrases 单词与词组单词与词组 n.隧道 n.港口 v.通风 n.烟囱 海平面 adj.双 n.通风 n.平台 v.害怕 n.入侵，侵略 adv.正式地 v.连接 adj.欧洲 n.大陆 adj.可能 adj.新鲜第44页Words/phrases 单词与词组单词与词组n.圈子v.赞美，n.感觉;感官adj.亲密prep.除了n.婚礼n.招待会n.种类n.演讲v.包含n.成功adj.失望第45页Words/phrases 单词与词组单词与词组French engineer法国工程师in the centre of 在中心serve as 用作railway station火车站well-ventilated通风好put forward 提出solve the problem处理问题draw in 抽进fresh air新鲜空气connect.to/with 把与连接起来第46页Words/phrases 单词与词组单词与词组 法国工程师 在中心 用作 火车站 通风好 提出 处理问题 抽进 新鲜空气 把与连接起来第47页 Notes on the textNotes on the text第48页In1858,aFrenchengineer,AimeThomedeGamond,arrivedinEnglandwithaplanforatwenty-one-miletunnelundertheEnglishChannel.1858年，一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕隧道计划到了英国twenty-one-mile加连字符,用单数,是定语第49页HesaidthatitwouldbepossibletobuildaplatforminthecentreoftheChannel.Thisplatformwouldserveasaportandarailwaystation.serveas作为.来服务,起.作用Itwillserveasaswimmingpool.他说，能够在隧道中央建造一座平台，这座平台将用作码头和火车站。第50页Thetunnelwouldbewell-ventilatediftallchimneyswerebuiltabovesealevel.Thetopofthehillis400metresabovesealevel.山顶高度是海拔四百公尺。Itissituatedabovesealevel.它位于海平面以上。假如再建些伸出海面高大烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好通风条件。第51页In1860,abetterplanwasputforwardbyanEnglishman,WilliamLow.1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛英国人提出了一项更加好计划。putforward(plan/suggestion)提出第52页Hesuggestedthatadoublerailway-tunnelshouldbebuilt.他提议建一条双轨隧道，这么就处理了通风问题。suggest有两个意思作为“暗示”意思时,使用方法与其它词相同作为“提议”意思时,则为虚拟语气,后接动词是要用-ing形式,后接that从句采取一个固定使用方法:should+动词原形,should可省略第53页insist使用方法作坚持用时同suggest文中:Hesuggestedthatadoublerailwaytunnelshouldbebuilt.I suggested(that)he(should)go home.(that,should都可省略)又如:HesuggestedthatIshouldgowithhim.他提议我一定要跟他去.HeinsistedthatIshouldstaytolunch.他坚持要我留下来吃晚饭.第54页Thiswouldsolvetheproblemofventilation,forifatrainenteredthistunnel,itwoulddrawinfreshairbehindit.因为假如有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。drawin吸进如用bring没有drowin形象,贴切第55页Exercise练习 Choose the correct words in thefollowingsentences:选择正确词:1Weshallhavetodraw(in)(up)anewplan.2WhenIrecognizedwhohewasIdrew(back)(up)inhorror.3Thecardrew(back)(up)outsidethecinema.1drawup签署/2drawback倒退/3drawupstop:停顿,停下来第56页Forty-twoyearslateratunnelwasactuallybegun.42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。第57页If,atthetime,theBritishhadnotfearedinvasion,itwouldhavebeencompleted.假如不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。atthetimetheBritish:英国人第58页虚拟语气(非真实条件句)1、表示与现在事实相反情况：从句：If主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+should/would/could/might+doeg：1IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.假如我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.假如我知道他电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）第59页2、表示与过去事实相反情况从句：If主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/could/might+havedoneeg：1IfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）2Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.假如他听我劝说话，就不会犯这么错误了。（事实：没有听我话）第60页exercise1Ifyouhadtoldmeaboutitearlier,I_(beable)tohelpyou.2If you_(can/come)with us,we wouldhavebeenpleased.3You_(notmake)suchamistakeifyouhadbeenmorecareful.4Iffather_(be)alive,hewouldbehorrified.5Ifit_(be)finetomorrow,weshallgoforaswim.第61页1wouldhavebeenable2wouldhavedone跟过去事实相反,从句会使用haddonecouldhavedone,情态动词后面一旦加了havedone表示跟过去相关3wouldnothavemade4were:虚拟语气与现在事实相反,从句使用普通过去时,与普通现在时相反be动词,用were代替ifIwereyou5is真实条件句第62页Theworldhadtowaitalmostanother100yearsfortheChannelTunnel.世界不得不再等快要1才看到海峡隧道完工。waitforwaitforfiveminutesIhavewaitedfiveminutes.(for可不要)Ihavewaitedforyouforfiveminutes.Ihavewaitedfiveyearsforyou.第63页ItwasofficiallyopenedonMarch7,1994,finallyconnectingBritaintotheEuropeancontinent.它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。Connect.to.非谓语动词中ing形式1、表示其与主语是主动关系2、表示动作正在发生非谓语动词中ed形式表示其与主语是被动关系第64页普通过去未来时普通过去未来时普普通通过过去去未未来来时时表表示示从从过过去去某某一一时时间间来来看看未未来来要要发发生生动动作作或或存存在在状状态态。过过去去未未来来时时惯惯用用于于宾宾语语从从句句和和间间接接引引语语中中。普普通通过过去去未未来来时时出出发发点点是是过过去去，即即从从过过去去某某一一时时刻刻看看以以后后要要发发生生动动作作或状态或状态。第65页必定句：必定句：主语主语+was/were going to+V+其它其它主语主语+would(should would)+V+其它其它 第66页否定句：否定句：主语主语+was/were not going to+V+其它其它主语主语+would（should would）not+V+其它其它 第67页疑问句：疑问句：Be(Was，Were)+主语主语+going to+V+其它其它 Would(Should could)+主语主语+V+其它其它第68页虚虚拟拟语语气气虚拟语气用来表示说话人主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在事实，所说是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气经过谓语动词特殊形式来表示。第69页在表示虚假、与事实相反或难以在表示虚假、与事实相反或难以实现情况时用虚拟语气实现情况时用虚拟语气表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说话是基于自己主观想法，愿望，话是基于自己主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或提议，而不假想，猜测，怀疑或提议，而不是依据客观实际，就用虚拟语气是依据客观实际，就用虚拟语气第70页条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示是假设或实际可能性不大情况，故采取虚拟语气。第71页使用方法及动词形式使用方法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反情况：、表示与现在事实相反情况：从句从句：If 主语主语+过去时过去时(Be动词用动词用were)主句主句：主语：主语+should/would/could/might+do eg：If I were you,I would take an umbrella.假如我是你，我会带把假如我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）伞。（事实：我不可能是你）第72页2、表示与过去事实相反情况表示与过去事实相反情况 从句从句：If 主语主语+had+done 主句：主句：主语主语+should/would/could/might+have done eg：If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）（事实：去晚了）第73页3、表示对未来情况主观推测、表示对未来情况主观推测 A-从句从句：if+主语主语+were to do 主句主句：主语：主语+should/would/could/might+do B-从句从句:if+主语主语+did/were 主句主句：主语：主语+should/would/could/might+do C-从句从句:if+主语主语+should+do 主句主句:主语主语+should/would/could/might+do 第74页egeg：1 1If he should come here tomorrow,I would If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.talk to him.假如他明天来这儿话，我就跟他假如他明天来这儿话，我就跟他谈谈。（谈谈。（事实：来可能性很小事实：来可能性很小）2 2If there were a heavy snow next If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.Sunday,we would not go skating.假如下周日假如下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可事实：下雪可能性很小）能性很小）3 3If she were to be here next Monday,I If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.would tell her about the matter.假如她下假如她下周一来这儿话，我就会告诉她这件事始末。（周一来这儿话，我就会告诉她这件事始末。（事事实：来可能性很小实：来可能性很小）第75页Key points 学习关键点学习关键点1.a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel 1)twenty-one-mile 为形容词,修饰tunnel There is a one-hundred-mile bridge between the two islands.2)a plan for“计划”I like to make plans for my holidays.2.serve as 充当,起作用 The sofa can serve as(a)bed.第76页Key points 学习关键点学习关键点3.a better plan was put forward put forward 固定短语 was put forward(被动)Has he put forward any plans for the meeting?4.He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.suggest(提议)后面跟从句时,从句谓语动词形式为should(可省略)+动词原形 He suggested they change the plans.Q:每个同学用suggest造一个句子.第77页Thanksforyourattention!第78页
