英语基本句型-五大句型省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx
（简单句）第1页第2页 英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，能够发觉其内在联络，找出其化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，能够发觉其内在联络，找出其共同规律。英语句子基本结构能够归纳成五种基本句型及其共同规律。英语句子基本结构能够归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构基础。种英语句子结构基础。英语五种基本句型列式以下：英语五种基本句型列式以下：基本句型一：基本句型一：+（主谓）（主谓）基本句型二：基本句型二：+（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三：基本句型三：+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）基本句型四：基本句型四：+IO+DO（主谓间宾直宾）（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：基本句型五：+O+OC（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）第3页基本句型基本句型 一一+（主谓）（主谓）此句型句子有一个共同特点，此句型句子有一个共同特点，即句子谓语动词都能表示完整意即句子谓语动词都能表示完整意思。思。这类动词叫做这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词（ViVi），后面能够跟副词、介词，后面能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。短语、状语从句等。第4页i （不及物（不及物动词动词）1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man4.We all 5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.He10.Theyflies.rose.cooked.eat,and drink.laughed?woke.talked(for half an hour).walked(yesterday)is playinghave gone第5页基本句型 二+（主系表）（主系表）此句型句子有一个共同特点：此句型句子有一个共同特点：句子谓语动词句子谓语动词都不能表示一个完整意思，必须加上一个表明主都不能表示一个完整意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态表语组成复合谓语，才能表示完整语身份或状态表语组成复合谓语，才能表示完整意思。系动词：意思。系动词：第6页第7页Linking-V系系动动词词）(表表语语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face is smellsfell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.第8页 基本句型基本句型 三三+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）此句型句子共同特点是：此句型句子共同特点是：谓语谓语动词都含有实义，都是主语产生动动词都含有实义，都是主语产生动作，但不能表示完整意思，必须跟作，但不能表示完整意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作承受者，才能有一个宾语，即动作承受者，才能使意思完整。使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动这类动词叫做及物动词（词（Vt）。）。第9页t（实义动词实义动词）(宾语宾语)1.Who 2.She 3.He 8.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 4.He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer?her.English.cakes.some apples.Swimming.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.第10页 基本句型基本句型 四四+IO+DO（主谓间宾直宾）（主谓间宾直宾）此句型句子有一个共同特点：此句型句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表示完整意思。这两必须跟有两个宾语才能表示完整意思。这两个宾语一个是动作直接承受者，另一个是动个宾语一个是动作直接承受者，另一个是动作间接承受者。作间接承受者。可接双宾语常见动词有：可接双宾语常见动词有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,buy,promise 第11页（及物）（及物）IO（多指（多指人）人）DO（多指物）（多指物）1.She2.She 3.He 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed himher husband you her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.第12页 基本句型基本句型 五五+（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）此句型句子共同特点是：此句型句子共同特点是：动动词即使是及物动词，不过只跟一词即使是及物动词，不过只跟一个宾语还不能表示完整意思，必个宾语还不能表示完整意思，必须加上一个补充成份来补足宾语，须加上一个补充成份来补足宾语，才能使意思完整才能使意思完整。第13页（及物）（及物）（宾语宾语）（宾补宾补）1.We 2.They3.They 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.第14页1.接名词作宾语补足语动词常见有call,name,think,make等。We call them mooncakes.2.接形容词作宾语补足语动词常见有make,keep,think,find等。At first I found Chinese hard.3.动词不定式作宾语补足语:1)接带to动词不定式作宾语补足语动词常见有tell,want,ask,wish,teach等。Tell him to come here the day after tomorrow.2)接不带to动词不定式作宾语补足语动词常见有hear,see,watch,let,make,find等 He made us laugh.第15页（二）（二）第16页l1.They work hard.l2.The flower is dead.l3.Plants need water.l4.He gives me some seeds.l5.We should keep the plants in the shade.l6.Many animals live in trees.第17页 不一样动词使用句型也不尽一样，所以在不一样动词使用句型也不尽一样，所以在学习动词时，应学习动词时，应掌握动词类型掌握动词类型。以。以 get 为例：为例：Hes getting angry.He got through the window.Youll get a surprise.He got his shoes and socks wet.He got himself into trouble.He got her a splendid present.。第18页分析以下句子基本结构分析以下句子基本结构1.Our school is not far from my home.2.It is a great pleasure to talk with you.3.All of us considered him honest.4.My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5.He broke a piece of glass.6.He made it clear that he would leave the city.第19页7.I love you more than her child.8.Trees turn green when spring comes.9.They pushed the door open.10.Gramma told me an interesting story last night.11.He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.12.All the students think highly of his teaching.13.We need a place twice larger than this one.14.He asked us to sing an English song.15.At last he got home,tired and hungry.第20页l1.They work hard.主主 +谓谓l2.The flower is dead.主主+系系+表表l3.Plants need water.主主+谓谓+宾宾l4.He gives me some seeds.主主+谓谓+直宾直宾+间宾间宾l5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补l6.Many animals live in trees.主主 +谓谓第21页 不一样动词使用句型也不尽一样，所以在不一样动词使用句型也不尽一样，所以在学习动词时，应学习动词时，应掌握动词类型掌握动词类型。以。以 get 为例：为例：Hes getting angry.(S V P)He got through the window.(S V O)Youll get a surprise.(S V O)He got his shoes and socks wet.(S V O C)He got himself into trouble.(S V O C)He got her a splendid present.(S V IO DO)。第22页l在句子中在句子中词类和词位置也影响句子句型词类和词位置也影响句子句型和意思和意思:l I found the book easily.(S V O M)l 我很轻易地找到了这本书。我很轻易地找到了这本书。l I found the book easy.(S V O C)l 我以为这本书很轻易。我以为这本书很轻易。第23页
