英语语法定语状语补语省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

定语、状语、补语第1页定语n用来修饰名词或代词，可分为前置定用来修饰名词或代词，可分为前置定语和后置定语。语和后置定语。普通由形容词、形容普通由形容词、形容词性物主代词（词性物主代词（my、his、your、her等）、数词、介词短语、不定式短语、等）、数词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词或句子充当。分词或句子充当。第2页形容词作定语The black bike is mine.那辆黑色自行车是我。那辆黑色自行车是我。She is a beautiful girl.她是一位漂亮姑娘。她是一位漂亮姑娘。The tall boy is Jimmy.那个高个男生是那个高个男生是Jimmy.第3页形容词性物主代词作定语Whats your name,please?请问你叫什么名字？请问你叫什么名字？Whose picture is it?这是谁画？这是谁画？This is my bag.这是我包。这是我包。第4页数词作定语We have four lessons in the morning.我们早晨上四节课。我们早晨上四节课。Hainan is the second largest island of China.海南是中国第二大海岛。海南是中国第二大海岛。There are four apples on the table.桌子上有四个苹果。桌子上有四个苹果。第5页介词短语作定语Who is the woman with a baby in her arms?那位抱孩子女人是谁？那位抱孩子女人是谁？They stayed at the hotel opposite the station.他们住在车站对面旅馆。他们住在车站对面旅馆。The house next to the post office is my home.邮局旁边那座房子就是我家邮局旁边那座房子就是我家第6页不定式短语作定语不定式不定式不定式基本形式：不定式基本形式：to+动词原形。动词原形。I have nothing to worry about.我没什么好担忧。我没什么好担忧。He gave me some books to read.他给我一些书看。他给我一些书看。注：不定式不能做谓语。注：不定式不能做谓语。第7页不定式作定语Do you have anything more to say?你还有什么话要说吗？你还有什么话要说吗？There is nothing to worry about.没什么好担心。没什么好担心。I have a lot of homework to do.我有很多作业要做。我有很多作业要做。第8页分词作定语Barking dogs seldom bite.爱叫狗少咬人。爱叫狗少咬人。Polluted air is harmful to peoples health.污染空气对健康有害。污染空气对健康有害。This is one of the houses built last year.这是去年建造房子中一座。这是去年建造房子中一座。第9页句子作定语句子作定语即是定语从句句子作定语即是定语从句She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago.她找到了两年前丢项链。她找到了两年前丢项链。It happened at the time when I left the office.这事就发生在我离创办公室之时。这事就发生在我离创办公室之时。第10页状语n状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。表示行为发生时间、地点、目标、方表示行为发生时间、地点、目标、方式、程度等。式、程度等。可作状语有：可作状语有：副词、介副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、词词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、词组、复合结构、从句。组、复合结构、从句。第11页副词作状语Speak politely.说话要有礼貌。说话要有礼貌。It is very nice of you.你真好。你真好。Read loudly.大声读。大声读。第12页介词短语作状语At present about 38%of the Chinese population smoke.当前中国大约有当前中国大约有38%人吸烟。人吸烟。To his surprise,she criticized him instead of praising him.使他吃惊是，她不但没使他吃惊是，她不但没有表彰他反而批评了他。有表彰他反而批评了他。Ill be back in two hours.我两小时内赶我两小时内赶回来。回来。第13页不定式作状语To search for gold,many people went to California.为了找黄金，很多人到加利福尼亚去。为了找黄金，很多人到加利福尼亚去。They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.他们搬起石头砸了自己脚。他们搬起石头砸了自己脚。The room is comfortable to live in.这房间住起来舒适。这房间住起来舒适。第14页分词短语作状语nWorking in this way,they greatly cut the cost.用这种方法，他们大大地降低了成本。nCompared to many women,she is indeed very fortunate.和很多妇女相比，她确很幸运。第15页形容词作状语He spent seven days in the wind and snow,cold and hungry.他在风雪中过了他在风雪中过了七天，又冷又饿。七天，又冷又饿。Tired and hungry,he arrived home.他到他到家了，又累又饿。家了，又累又饿。Afraid of the dogs,she entered by the back door.因为怕狗，她从后门进去。因为怕狗，她从后门进去。第16页另外，词组、复合结构、从句也可作状语另外，词组、复合结构、从句也可作状语如：如：Ill stay here another five months.我将在这里再呆五个月。（词组作状语）我将在这里再呆五个月。（词组作状语）He entered the room,his nose red with cold.他走进房间，鼻子冻得通红。（复合结构）他走进房间，鼻子冻得通红。（复合结构）He asked me to stay where I was.他要我留在原处。（从句作状语）他要我留在原处。（从句作状语）第17页补语补语是一个补足主语和宾语意义句子成补语是一个补足主语和宾语意义句子成份，补足主语意义句子成份叫做主语份，补足主语意义句子成份叫做主语补语，补足宾语意义句子成份叫做宾补语，补足宾语意义句子成份叫做宾语补语。语补语。可作补语词语有形容词、名可作补语词语有形容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短语等。词、不定式、分词、介词短语等。第18页名词作补语They named the child Jimmy.他们给孩子取名吉米。他们给孩子取名吉米。We call him Mr.Chen.我们叫他陈老师。我们叫他陈老师。The cat is named Kitty.那只小猫名叫那只小猫名叫Kitty.第19页形容词作补语He was found dead.他被发觉死了。他被发觉死了。She boiled the egg hard.她把鸡蛋煮老了。她把鸡蛋煮老了。What you said makes me angry.你话让我生气了。你话让我生气了。第20页不定式作补语He was seen to go upstairs.有些人看见他上楼了。有些人看见他上楼了。Mary ask me to go with her.玛丽叫我和她一起去。玛丽叫我和她一起去。We believe him to be guilty.我们相信他是有罪。我们相信他是有罪。第21页分词作补语He came home quite sad.他回到家时好难过。他回到家时好难过。I found the book very interesting.我发觉那本书很有趣。我发觉那本书很有趣。We hear her singing in the garden.我们听到她在花园里唱歌。我们听到她在花园里唱歌。第22页介词短语作补语He came home out of humour.他回到家时很不高兴。他回到家时很不高兴。Everything was in good condition.一切都好。一切都好。Miss Liu came into the classroom with a book in hand.刘老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。刘老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。第23页Summary 小结第24页练习第25页指出划线部分句子成份I have a lot of work to do.He was seen to enter the office.Seeing this,some students became angry.（定语）（定语）（补语）（补语）（状语）（状语）第26页第27页