四级作文之观点对比选择型议论文市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

大学英语四级作文真题大学英语四级作文真题Directions:For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled On Excessive Packaging following the outline below.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.当前许多商品存在过分包装现象当前许多商品存在过分包装现象2.出现这一现象原因出现这一现象原因3.我对这一现象看法和提议我对这一现象看法和提议第1页纲领要求：写作纲领要求：写作(writing)部分是测试学生部分是测试学生用英语进行书面表示能力，所占分值百分用英语进行书面表示能力，所占分值百分比为比为15%，考试时间为，考试时间为30分钟。分钟。要求：三段式，字数要求：三段式，字数120至至180，时间，时间30分分钟钟四级考试题型为六大类：四级考试题型为六大类：观点对比型观点对比型，现，现象解释型，问题处理型，谚语论证，以及象解释型，问题处理型，谚语论证，以及应用文和图表作文应用文和图表作文。描述现象、分析原因、个人看法仍是四级描述现象、分析原因、个人看法仍是四级考试写作部分主要考查重点考试写作部分主要考查重点第2页提升写作五条标准提升写作五条标准 practice：从现在开始到考试，本学期最少写五：从现在开始到考试，本学期最少写五篇作文；选其中三篇最好作文，作为成绩。篇作文；选其中三篇最好作文，作为成绩。input：要有必要输入。要多看范文，背范文。在要有必要输入。要多看范文，背范文。在了解基础上，把范文精彩句子、词汇和结构默写。了解基础上，把范文精彩句子、词汇和结构默写。同时熟记不一样类型论文句子框架。同时熟记不一样类型论文句子框架。outline：动手写作文前要依据题目或者汉字提要，：动手写作文前要依据题目或者汉字提要，把英语关键词写下，以确保作文不离题。把英语关键词写下，以确保作文不离题。vary：作文句子要多变。要在练习中勇于尝试使：作文句子要多变。要在练习中勇于尝试使用新句型和词汇表示。用新句型和词汇表示。revise：作文最终定稿前，最少改三遍。第一遍自：作文最终定稿前，最少改三遍。第一遍自己改，第二遍请班上两名同学帮改，第三遍重新检己改，第二遍请班上两名同学帮改，第三遍重新检验，抄正后再交给老师。验，抄正后再交给老师。第3页观点对比选择型议观点对比选择型议论文写作训练论文写作训练第4页Learning Objective Evaluate two points of view and choose which one you agree with.Practice writing an introduction,body paragraph and a conclusion.Writing practice第5页要求从正反两方面对某一事物加以叙要求从正反两方面对某一事物加以叙述。这类议论文有其固定模式，如就述。这类议论文有其固定模式，如就某一事物或现象给出两种完全对立观某一事物或现象给出两种完全对立观点，然后再摆出自己看法；点，然后再摆出自己看法；或是先说明某一事物主要性，主动原或是先说明某一事物主要性，主动原因，然后再说明该事物危害性、消极因，然后再说明该事物危害性、消极原因等。原因等。观点观点1+观点观点2+个人观点个人观点描述现象描述现象+观点观点1、2（主动性、消极性）（主动性、消极性）+个人观点个人观点对比选择型对比选择型(正反两点论式正反两点论式)议论文议论文第6页历年四级作文Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?1.名校校园正成为旅游新热点名校校园正成为旅游新热点（描写现象）（描写现象）2.校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不一样校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不一样（观点（观点1+观点观点2）3.我认为我认为（个人观点）（个人观点）第7页历年四级作文On the Spring Festival Gala1、许多人喜欢看、许多人喜欢看cctv 春节晚会春节晚会（现象（现象+观点观点1）2、但有人认为应该取消、但有人认为应该取消（观点（观点2）3、你看法、你看法（个人观点）（个人观点）第8页历年四级作文Recreational Activities1.娱乐活动各种多样娱乐活动各种多样（描写现象）（描写现象）2.娱乐可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性娱乐可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性（主动性（主动性+消极性）消极性）3.作为大学生，我看法作为大学生，我看法（个人观点）（个人观点）第9页例题一：例题一：My View On Job-hopping有些人喜欢一直从事一个工作，因为有些人喜欢一直从事一个工作，因为有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为我看法我看法对比选择型对比选择型(正反两点论式正反两点论式)作文分析作文分析 1第10页Paragraph 1:introductionMy View on Job-hopping Everyones attitude toward job-hopping is different.Some people think they will do one job until retirement.They often say something like this:Take up one thing,like it and be good at it.（引使用方法）These people think that only when they are absorbed in one job can they do it well.（半倒装句型）第一段：第一句首先概括主题现象。本段第二句第一段：第一句首先概括主题现象。本段第二句为主题句，第三、四句经过引用某类人观点，对为主题句，第三、四句经过引用某类人观点，对主题句进行解释或者说明。主题句进行解释或者说明。第11页 By contrast,other people like to change jobs from time to time.In their opinion,the aim of doing a job is only to get more money.So when they have a chance to get a better-paid job certainly they ought to seize the chance.第二段：段首句为主题句，中心思想是第二段：段首句为主题句，中心思想是“like to change jobs from time to time”；第二、三句为发展句。在对第一、；第二、三句为发展句。在对第一、二段进行衔接时，文章使用了信号词二段进行衔接时，文章使用了信号词“By contrast”。Paragraph 2:body第12页Paragraph 3:conclusion My view on job-hopping falls between the two viewpoints expressed above.I think if I have a job that really suits me,Ill do it all my life.No other job can attract me no matter what the benefits may be.But if I dont get a suitable job,Ill change it until I find something satisfactory.In a word,I want to find a job that suits me;money and other things are not under consideration.第三段：谈论第三段：谈论“我看法我看法”时，作者并没有单纯倾时，作者并没有单纯倾向于哪一个观点。段首句中作者首先解释：我观向于哪一个观点。段首句中作者首先解释：我观点介于二者之间；之后，又在发展句中对其态度点介于二者之间；之后，又在发展句中对其态度作了深入说明。作了深入说明。第13页point 1point 2Your viewFurther explanation(reason)Summary(restate)Further explanation(reason)Further explanation(reason)第14页例题二：Private Cars：Good Or Evil 1.有些人认为我们应主动推广私人汽车有些人认为我们应主动推广私人汽车 2.有些人认为我们不应推广私人汽车有些人认为我们不应推广私人汽车 3.你看法你看法第15页Private Cars:Good or Evil With the improvement of peoples living standard,some people have bought cars of their own,and others are planning to buy cars.（用一到两个句子描写现象，不要过分描写）。There is a general discussion nowadays about the good or evil effects private cars may bring us.To this problem,different people hold different views.开头段：段落第一句为概述，经过详细现象引开头段：段落第一句为概述，经过详细现象引发读者共鸣。第三句为论点，论点主题：发读者共鸣。第三句为论点，论点主题：“different views”。Paragraph 1:introduction第16页 Those who favor private cars maintain that private cars are highly desirable for obvious reasons.（主题句）（主题句）In the big cities of China,buses are often crowded and slow,especially during rush hours.If there are more private cars,people can get around easily.Besides,by driving cars,they might be well protected from the bad weather,and cover long distances rapidly and pleasantly.（分论点；举例）（分论点；举例）主体段：主题句为第一句。中心思想是主体段：主题句为第一句。中心思想是“obvious reasons”；发展句中，作者利用了公共汽车拥挤；发展句中，作者利用了公共汽车拥挤和小汽车种种便利这两个事实，对中心思想进行和小汽车种种便利这两个事实，对中心思想进行说明。说明。Paragraph 2:body part第17页 However,there are three chief reasons for those people who are against cars.（主题句）（主题句）First,cars are the main cause of traffic accident.（分论点）（分论点）Thousands of people have been killed or injured by car accidents all over the world.Second,car owners have to pay vast sums for road tax and other fees every year.This is a big drain on their resources.Finally,private car owners in China may have all kinds of trouble,such as getting a driving license and finding a parking lot.Paragraph 2:body part第18页 As to me,the latter opinion is more acceptable.Although cars have so many obvious benefits,they are too luxurious for the overwhelming majority of Chinese people to own them.Therefore,we may say that it is still early at present for the popularization of private cars in our country.结尾段：本段中，作者先在第二句话介绍了原因，结尾段：本段中，作者先在第二句话介绍了原因，第三句话阐述了作者详细观点第三句话阐述了作者详细观点普及轿车为时尚普及轿车为时尚早。早。Paragraph 3:conclusion第19页point 1point 2Your viewGeneral statement(describe the phenomenon)Further explanation(example+reason)SummaryFurther explanation(example)Further explanation(reason)第20页小结一篇好作文首先要有好结构（写提要，不一篇好作文首先要有好结构（写提要，不离题）离题）句子、段落之间合理使用连接词句子、段落之间合理使用连接词句子主题句显著句子主题句显著说理之后能够借助举例说理之后能够借助举例恰当地使用特殊句式（强调句、倒装句、恰当地使用特殊句式（强调句、倒装句、条件状语从句）条件状语从句）争取在文章中要有一到三个亮点。（词汇、争取在文章中要有一到三个亮点。（词汇、词组、句型）词组、句型）第21页在写作正反两点论式文章时，我们能够借助以在写作正反两点论式文章时，我们能够借助以下句型：下句型：1.When asked about.,quite a few/many/most/the vast majority of people think/believe that.But other people regard/see/view/think of.as.I think quite/a bit differently.2.When it comes to.,some people think/believe that.Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements,but I think.第22页在写作正反两点论式文章时，我们能够借助以下在写作正反两点论式文章时，我们能够借助以下句型：句型：3.There is a public debate/discussion/controversy today/nowadays on/about/over the problem/issue of.Those who criticize/oppose/object to.contend/argue that.They believe that.But people who advocate/favor.,on the other hand,maintain/assert that.4.Now a lot of/many/the majority of/most people believe/think/feel that.Admittedly,there is no/little evidence that第23页结尾段惯用引出结尾段惯用引出“我我”个人观点句型：个人观点句型：As far as I am concerned,I agree with就我而言，我支持As to me,the former/latter opinion is more acceptable.对我来说，前/后一个观点更能够接收。For my part,I am on the side of 对我来说，我站在那边。As I see it,就我看来From my perspective,I就我而言，我第24页二者都对二者都对In my opinion,both sides are partly right,we should take into consideration all aspects of the problem,and then make the right decision.同意一方同意一方Personally,I am on the side of the former(latter)argument.I stand on the side of the former(latter).第25页Is It Good for Colleges Students to Have Part-time Jobs?大学生打工好处大学生打工好处大学生打工坏处大学生打工坏处 你观点你观点第26页Writing Practice题目一：My View on Studying Abroad 国外学习是发展最正确路径；国外学习是发展最正确路径；国内学习也能施展才能；国内学习也能施展才能；你观点。你观点。第27页Writing Practice题目二：My View on the We chat微信好处；微信好处；微信弊端；微信弊端；你对微信看法你对微信看法第28页写作要求写作要求“Is It Good for Colleges Students to Have Part-time Jobs”为必写题目。为必写题目。然后在然后在“My View on Studying Abroad”和和“My View on the Wechat”两个题目中选其两个题目中选其中一个为拓展题目。中一个为拓展题目。每篇作文都是每篇作文都是120字左右，都必须是三段式，字左右，都必须是三段式，请使用课上讲过文章结构，万用模板。请使用课上讲过文章结构，万用模板。第29页