非谓语动词-过去分词的用法.ppt

The Use Of V-ed1 动词动词-ed形式作形式作定语定语动词动词-ed形式作形式作表语表语动词动词-ed形式作形式作补语补语动词动词-ed形式作形式作状语状语2 过去分词作过去分词作定语定语,表示分词动作与所表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在修饰的名词之间存在被动关系被动关系。单一。单一的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前名词之前;过去分词短语作定语放在被过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰之后修饰之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。动词动词-ed形式作定语形式作定语3 及物动词的及物动词的过去分词作定语过去分词作定语除表示除表示“完成完成”的动作之外的动作之外,还表示还表示“被动被动”的意义。如：的意义。如：spokenEnglish；icedbeer；cookedfood;friedchips;不及物动词的不及物动词的过去分词常表示过去分词常表示“完成完成”的动作的动作,而不表示而不表示“被动被动”意义。如意义。如:boiledwater;fallenleaves，therisensun等。等。1.Thetallmanisareturnedstudent2.Myparentsarebothretiredteachers 4Thegroundiscoveredby_(fall)leaves.fallen PastParticipleusedasattribute 5Sheisdrinking_(boil)water.boiledSheisdrinkingthewaterwhichwas boiled.6 动词动词-ed形式作定语时，在意思形式作定语时，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。上相当于一个定语从句。1.Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?今晚有什么活动吗今晚有什么活动吗?(=thathasbeenplannedfortonight)2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess这次会议有很多人出席这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。开得很成功。(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople)7破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。_willbereplacedsoon.=Thewindowwhichwasbrokenwillbereplacedsoon.昨天买的书确实不错。昨天买的书确实不错。Thebooks_areofhighquality.=thebookswhichwereboughtyesterdayareofhighquality.Thebrokenwindowboughtyesterday8Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.terrifiedpeoplepeoplewhoareterrifiedreservedseatsseatswhicharereservedpollutedwaterwaterthatispollutedacrowdedroomaroomthatiscrowdedapleasedwinnerawinnerwhoispleased91)MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written103)TheOlympicgames,in776BC,didntincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenbought D.buying115)Mr.Smith,_ofthespeech,startedtoreada_novel.A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring12过去分词作过去分词作表语表语,表示主语的状态表示主语的状态,且该状态且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词看作一个形容词,是形容词化的过去分词。是形容词化的过去分词。如如:IminterestedinreadingnovelswrittenbyJinYong.Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymovedHeseemedquitedelightedattheidea 动词动词-ed形式作表语形式作表语13 常见的作表语的过去分词有常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的愉快的)；broken(碎了的碎了的)；closed(关闭的关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的有经验的);delighted(高兴的高兴的)；lost(丢失的丢失的)；gone(遗失的遗失的)；disappointed(失望的失望的)；worried(担忧的担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的感兴趣的)tired(疲劳的疲劳的)pleased(高兴的高兴的)；satisfied(满意的满意的)；surprised(吃惊的吃惊的);married(已婚的已婚的)；known(著名的著名的)等等等等14 作表语的作表语的-ed形式可被形式可被much,very,quite等所等所修饰。修饰。Iwasverypleasedatthenews听了这消息我很高兴。听了这消息我很高兴。Hegrewmuchtiredofthework他十分厌倦这工作。他十分厌倦这工作。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。听了这想法他似乎很高兴。15 PastParticipleusedaspredicativeTheshopis_(close).closed16Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_(pay)bythehour.paid17Therearetwoglasseswhichare_(break).brokenThereare two broken glasses.18astonishedchildrenchildrenwholookastonishedabrokenvaseavasethatisbrokenacloseddooradoorthatisclosedatrappedanimalananimalthatistrappedthetiredaudiencetheaudiencewhofeeltiredCompletethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.191)AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed2)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating20动词动词-ed形式作补语形式作补语 能用作能用作宾语补足语宾语补足语的过去分词一般都的过去分词一般都是及物动词是及物动词,表示表示“被动被动”或或“完成完成”意意义，作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻义，作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的辑上的动宾关系动宾关系。ShefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecamebackMygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt21(1)(1)动词动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括这类动词包括see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等等。Ihaveneverheardhimspokenillofbyothers.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。我从未听过有人说他的坏话。Shefeltagreatweighttakenoffhermind她觉得心里轻松了些。她觉得心里轻松了些。Theyconsideredthemattersettled他们认为这问题解决了。他们认为这问题解决了。22 (2)动词动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语足语,这类动词包括这类动词包括make,get,have,keep,leave,hold等。等。Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth我每个月理一次发。我每个月理一次发。Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood他正努力使别人听懂自己。他正努力使别人听懂自己。Sheheldherhandspressedagainstherface.她用双手按着脸。她用双手按着脸。23(请人请人)把某事做完。把某事做完。Shehadherhouserepaired她请人把屋子修好了。她请人把屋子修好了。Wheredidyouhaveyourhaircut?你在哪儿理的发你在哪儿理的发?“have+宾语宾语+done”结构有三个含义结构有三个含义：24 遭遇某种意外情况。遭遇某种意外情况。Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。Shehadherwalletstolenyesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。昨天她的钱包被偷了。25 完成某事完成某事 (自己也可能参与自己也可能参与)。I have had all my spelling mistakes I have had all my spelling mistakes correctedcorrected 我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。He has had one thousand He has had one thousand yuanyuan saved this saved this yearyear 他今年已存了他今年已存了10001000元。元。26 (3)动词动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want,wish,expect,order等等”这一类这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。动词的后面作宾语补足语。Hewontlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。ThestudentswishtheTVserialplayscontinued学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。27(4)过去分词用在过去分词用在“with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补”这一这一结构中结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。Withmanybrightlycoloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花,他的房子看他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。上就像一座漂亮的花园。281.我们发现她变了很多。我们发现她变了很多。_.2.2.什么使他们这样害怕？什么使他们这样害怕？_._.3.他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。Hewontlikesuchquestions_WefoundhergreatlychangedWhatmadethemsofrightened?discussedatthemeeting291)-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?-Idliketohavethispackage_,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed302)Themissingboyswerelastseen_neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played3)Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout314)Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_wentwrongagain.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired32过去分词作过去分词作状语状语可表示时间、地点、可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。过去过去分词状语相当于状语从句分词状语相当于状语从句,若过去分词作若过去分词作状语状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成成动宾关系动宾关系,即是该分词动作的承受者。即是该分词动作的承受者。动词动词-ed形式作状语形式作状语33 ChinaPavilionWhenChinaPavilionisseenfromthedistance,itlookslikeaChinesecrown(皇冠皇冠).Whenseenfromthedistance,ChinaPavilionlookslikeaChinesecrown.34 Footprints东方足迹东方足迹 Becausethetreesweredecoratedwithcolorfullights,theymadeanexcellentimpressiononus.Becausedecoratedwithcolorfullights,thetrees madeanexcellentimpressiononus35 Ifwearegivenachancetogoonatripbyrailcar,called“tourofwisdom”,weshouldtreasureit.TheDialogue寻觅之旅寻觅之旅Ifgivenachancetogoonatripbyrailcar,called“tourofwisdom”,weshouldtreasureit.36WeenteredSection3lowcarbonexhibition,aswewerefollowedbyagroupofbeautifulgirlmodels.TheVision低碳行动低碳行动Followed byagroupofbeautifulgirlmodels,WeenteredSection3lowcarbonexhibition.37WhatwefeltafterthetripThoughwewereexhausted,wespentameaningfulandunforgettabletimeinit.Thoughexhausted,wespentameaningfulandunforgettabletimeinit.381._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.If_thesametreatmentagain,hessuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven393._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesntseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared4._inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed40 5.Unless_tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited6.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun41 7._forhisexpertadvice,Holmeswasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.A.HewasknownB.WellknownC.HavingknownD.Beenknown42 现在分词与过去分词的区别现在分词与过去分词的区别:在定语中在定语中 现在分词作定语常表示现在分词作定语常表示“主动主动”和和“进行进行”,过去分词则常表示过去分词则常表示 “被动被动”和和“完成完成”;被修饰的名词一般是现在分词的被修饰的名词一般是现在分词的逻辑主语逻辑主语,是过去分词的逻辑宾语。是过去分词的逻辑宾语。Iknowthemanstandingthere.主动主动Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?被动被动43 现在分词现在分词:表示正在进行的动作表示正在进行的动作过去分词过去分词:表示完成的意思表示完成的意思 therisingsun正在升起的太阳正在升起的太阳therisensun已经升起的太阳已经升起的太阳 thefallingleaves正在落下的叶子正在落下的叶子thefallenleaves落叶（已经完成落叶（已经完成）boilingwater沸腾的水沸腾的水boiledwater开水开水44 过去分词和过去分词和V-ing形式都可以看做一个形形式都可以看做一个形容词，但是：容词，但是：表主动的表主动的,进行的，进行的，-含有含有“令人令人”之意之意表被动的表被动的,完成的，完成的，-含有含有“感到感到”之意之意V-ing形式形式过去分词过去分词 在表语中在表语中45Atthesightofthe_scene,allthepeoplepresentwere_totears.看到这么动人的情景看到这么动人的情景,所有所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。movemovedmoving46Weget_whenweseethis_picture.excitedexcitingexcite47amusing,amused;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying,satisfied;tiring,tired;pleasing,pleased;astonishing,astonished等。等。英语中这样的分词还有很多英语中这样的分词还有很多,如：如：48注意注意:作表语的过去分词表示作表语的过去分词表示状态状态,构成被动语态的过去分词表示构成被动语态的过去分词表示动作动作:Thebookiswellwritten.(表语表语)Thebookwaswrittenbyasoldier.(被动语态被动语态)49 在在宾语补足语中宾语补足语中现在分词作补足语现在分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系即主动关系);过去过去分词作补足语分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系即被动关系)。如如:Iheardsomeonecallingme.Iheardmynamecalled.我听见有人喊我。我听见有人喊我。50 在状语中在状语中 过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于在于:过去分词与句子主语构成过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系动宾关系,而而现在分词与句子主语构成现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系主谓关系。Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitybeautiful.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecityisverybeautiful.51 52 1._(污染的污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeopleshealth.2.Theproblem_(在会议上在会议上讨论的讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.Polluteddiscussedatthemeeting完成句子。完成句子。53 3.Hebecame_(兴奋兴奋)whenheheardhehadwonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4.Iam_(感兴趣感兴趣)inthestory.5.Ihaventgotthefilm_(冲洗冲洗)yet.6.Doyouknowtheman_(站站)besidethedoor?excitedinteresteddevelopedstanding54 7.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.8.Someofthepeople_(invite)tothepartycouldntcome.9.Thereisacar_(park)outsidethehouse.astonishedinvitedparked55 10.Theexperience_(gain)willbeofgreatvaluetous.11.Theseseatsare_(reserve)foryou.12.Thelibraryis_(close)onweekends.13.Dontdrinkthe_(pollute)water.14.The_(worry)motherlookedather_(worry)son,looking_(worry).gainedreservedclosedpollutedworriedworryingworried56单项选择：单项选择：1.Youcanmakeyourself_inEnglishprettywellifyoukeeponspeakingthelanguage.A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood2.-Thereisaholeinyourbag.-Iknow.Imgoingtohaveit_.A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemendedDC573.-Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?-Thekey_theproblemistomeetthedemand_bythecustomers.A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made4.Englishisalanguage_allaroundtheworldandisthe_languageofmostinternationalorganizations.A.tospeak,workingB.spoken,workingC.speaking,workedD.spoken,workedBB585.A:Whoarethosepeoplewiththebanner?B:Agroup_itselftheLeagueforPeace.A.callingB.callsC.calledD.iscalled6.Therewasaterriblenoise_asuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedAB597.Howtofeeda_populationisaproblemthatis_manypeople.A.growing,troublingB.grown,troubledC.growing,troubledD.grown,troubling8.Hefoundamagazine_withtheownersname_onthedeskwiththebackcover_off.A.marking,lying,tornB.marked,lying,tornC.marked,laid,tearingD.marking,laying,tearingAB609.Fromthedates_onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked10.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildrensactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry61 11.With_leaves_intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried12.Friendshipislikemoneyeasiermadethan_.A.keptB.tobekeptC.tokeepingD.beingkept62 13.Dontusewords,expressionsorphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known14.Johnrushedoutinahurry,_thedoor_.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockingD.toleave;unlocking63 15.Thegirl_forwardtobuyinganewgoldwatch.A.referredtolookB.referredtolookingC.referredtolooksD.referringtolooks16.Thedisc,digitally_inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded6417.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,_as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown18.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youvehadit_oftenenough.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explainedBD6519.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome_.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted20.Hetriedto_inJapanese.A.understandhimselfB.makehimselfunderstandingC.makehimselfunderstoodD.maketounderstand66 21.Heglancedoverather,_thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.havingnotedB.notedC.tonoteD.noting22._inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing67 23.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt24._in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding68 25._time,hellmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given26.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened27._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.(01全国夏全国夏)A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered69 28.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(94全国全国)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written29.When_,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(02上海春上海春)A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted70 .单句改错：单句改错：1.Theforeignertriedhisbesttomakehispointbeunderstood.2.Theyfoundapieceofropewithoneendtyinginacircle.3.Markgothishandstobeburntintheaccident.4.Theybothspentthenightlockingintheroom.tyingtiedlockinglocked去掉去掉be去掉去掉tobe71 5.Howwouldyouliketherenttopay,incashorbycheque?6.Whatkeptyousoexciting?7.Youshouldspeakloudlyenoughtomakeyourselfhear.8.Inoticedthetrafficholdingupafterabadaccident.topaypaidexcitingexcitedhearheardholdingheld72 9.Hewantedthedoortopaintyellow.10.IknowlittleaboutthegirlcallingLily.11.WhenIenteredtheroom.IfoundMaryseatingbesidemymother.topaintpaintedcallingcalledseatingseated73Homework1.Finish the exercises on grammar in this unit.74