新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义语法一名词.docx
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新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义语法一名词.docx
高考高频语法复习一、名词对应学生用书PI58在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1 (2019全国卷 I )In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a (believe) that populations are increasing.2 (2019全国卷III)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting(pete) to watch, together with the story behind it.3 (2019- itlf xL )Other American studies showed no(connect) between uniforms and school performance.4 (2018全国卷 I )Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all(cause).5 (2018全国卷 II )This switch has decreased(pollute) in the country*s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.6 (2018全国卷a(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.答案与解析1 - beliefo考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处用名词形式, 故填 beliefo2 - petitiono考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空 格处应该填名词形式。故填petitiono3 connection/connections。考查名词。句意:其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间 没有联系。no是形容词,形容词修饰名词,位于名词前,名词可用复数也可用单数形式。 connect是动词,“联系”的意思,因此,要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。4 -causes。此处cause是可数名词,意为“原因”,句中的all表示“所有“,后应用 可数名词的复数形式。5 - pollutiono考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式做宾语。6 - scientisto根据空前的a可知,空处应填名词,意为“科学家”。对应学生用书P158名词是表示人、事物或抽象概念的词。历年高考试题对名词的单独考查着重在其复数和 所有格这两点上。7 名词的复数形式英语中的可数名词在运用中只要大于1,就要用复数形式。如“一个半小时”,要说。ne and a half hours( = an hour and a half),两小时为two hourso英语名词由单数变复数容易掌握。 同学们都比较熟悉。为方便大家复习,现将有关规则列表如下:类别构成方式例词规则变化形式一般在词尾加Sbook->books; mapmaps; boatf boats; lake-flakes; pigf pigs; field->fields; pen->pens; machinef machines; table-stables在以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后, 加esbus-abuses; fbx->foxes; brush-> brushes; approach-* approaches在以f或fe结尾的名词后,改f或fe 为veshalff halves; thief thieves ; self->selves; leaf-leaves; life-olives; knife-> knives在以辅音字母+。结尾的名词后,加esheroheroes ; echoechoes ; potatof potatoes ; tomatotomatoes有少数词与以上规则相背,需熟记stomachf stomachs ; chief-* chiefs ; roof-* roofs ; proof-* proofs ; belieff beliefs; radio->radios; photof photos; pianopianos不 规 则 变 化 形 式变内部元音fbot->feet; goosef geese; manmen; woman->women; toothteeth; mousef mice词尾加en或renox-oxen; child-*children单复同形单数复数deer deer fish fish aircraft aircraft series series sheep sheep species species一词二变pennyf pennies; pennyf pence外来词bacterium f bacteria ; phenomenon-phenomena2 .名词所有格构成方式例 词不以s结尾的名词,不论单数还是复数,一律 加'SJack's email; children's books以S结尾的复数名词,加1the girls' dormitory; the teachers' reading room以s结尾的单数名词,加,S或,。our boss1 car=our boss*s car Engels* works = Engels*s works