Unit+5-Unit+8+期末语法复习必背清单 牛津深圳版英语+七年级下册.docx

Unit 5 Water教材重点语法如何表达数量L no表示“没有”，可以修饰可数名词、不可数名词。e.g. There are no eggs in the fridge. There is no bread in the fridge.2. a lot o于表示“许多、大量”，可以修饰可数、不可数名词。e.g. I have a lot of delicious hamburgers. There is a lot of water on the floor.3. many, much, a little, a few许多有一点（肯定）几乎没有（否定）修饰可数名词manya few （相当于 not many）few修饰不可数名词mucha little （相当于 not much）little4. too many, too much, much too, too little too few （记忆方法:它们只是在 many.much,little/ew的多了一个“too”,记住每个短语最后的那个词修饰什么样的词即 可）修饰词修饰部分含义too much不可数名词太多的too many可数名词复数太多的much too形容词、副词非常，太too little不可数名词太少too few可数名词太少5. enough充足的）not enough 不充足的Unit 6 Electricity all around 教材重点语法1 .情态动词一、情态动词：表示说话人的情感和态度。二、使用规则不能单独使用,后接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化,否定形式直接在后边加not。Spider-man can fly.They should help his classmates.Peter cannot (can't) fly without the suit.三、各情态动词的用法1. can / could (can的过去式)/ be able to：表能力，意为“能、余 可以"，否定句在 can后+not (can't),疑问句can提至句首主语前。情态动词人称和数 的变化强调时态can / could无自身已具备的能力一般现在时 一般过去时be able to有通过努力 而获得的能力多种时态e.g. Peter Parker can speak English and French.His friend Ned could eat 10 hamburgers for one meal before.2. can, could, may, might, will, would 表示请求和许可（D May /Might 一般用于第一人称表请求;Will/ Would 一般用于第二人称表请求。e. g. Can / Could I borrow your car?May / Might I use your phone?Will / Would you marry me?其中could, might, would分别是can, may, will的过去式,它们在表示请求时意思更 为委婉,但不用于回答。e.g. - Can / Could I borrow your car?-Yes, you can. - No, you cant （不能用 could 回答）3.命令和建议(1) must,意为“必须”；否定形式“mustn't”，意为“禁止”(2) have to,意为“不得不"；否定形式“has to"或“had to”(3) should / ought to,意为“应该"；否定形式 “shouldn't” , "oughtn't to”表肯定含义人称和数的变化强调点must必须无强调主观意愿have to不得不有强调客观因素，通常指因环境所迫不得不做。should / ought to应该无/e.g. I must help him because he is my best friend.I can't watch the movie tonight because I have to study.You should / ought to stay at home.表否定含义人称和数的变化mustn't禁止无don,t have to不必有needn't无shouldn't /oughtn't to不应该无e.g. You mustn't play with fire. If s dangerous.You don't have to / needn't go there today.You shouldn't / oughtn't to litter （扔垃圾）.注:在回答must提问的句子时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用don" have to或needn9toe.g. - Must I do my homework now?-Yes, you must.-No, you don't have to / needn't.must除了表“必须”，还表“推测”，意为“一定”That hat must be Tom's.那帽子一定是汤姆的。That must be the best book in the library.那一定是书店里最好的书。The man must have a lot of money.这个人一定有不少钱。2祈使句一、祈使句：表示请求、命令、劝告、建议的句子。1 .祈使句一般没有主语,说话的对象都是第二人称“你”或“你们”，所以也可以理 解为省略了主语you;e.g. (You) Help me!(You) Hand in your homework.(You) Don't talk!2 .谓语动词用原形,无时态和数的变化,朗读时用降调。3 .在表达请求时,可以加上“please”,更加礼貌;表达比较强烈的语气时,可以用e.g. Help me, please!Please watch out!二、肯定祈使句结构be型l.Be+形容词(adj.)2.Be+名词(n.)do型动词原形+其他let型1. Let+sb.+动词原形2. Let，s+动词原形注意：Let's & Let us区别Let飞连同说话对象在内的“让咱们" Let5s go shopping.咱们去购物吧。Let us除了说话对象以外的"让我们"Let us get married.让我们结婚吧。三、否定祈使句结构be型1. Don't be + adj.2. Don't be + n.(名词短语)do型Don't +动词原形+其他let型1. Don't let sb. +动词原形2. Let sb. not +动词原形3. Let's not +动词原形no型1. No + doing = Don't + do2. No +n.四、祈使句的回答用一般将来时-Remember to finish your work today. - Yes, I will.-Don't play with fire again. - Sorry, I won't.五、日常情景表达朝前走;去做吧！Go ahead.别着急，慢慢来！ Take it easy.小心! Be careful! / Look out!加油；快点；得了吧！ Come on!快一点！Hurry up!别紧张；放轻松！ Take it easy.Unit 7 Poems教材重点语法感叹句1 .感叹句：感叹句是表达人的喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈情感的句子，句 末常用感叹号，语调用降调。感叹句常用what或how引导，有时一个单词、词组、祈 使句、陈述句也可构成一个感叹句。(词Great! Wonderful!；短语Good idea!祈使 句 Stop talking! 陈述句 You are kidding!)2 .感叹句结构：引导的感叹句:(1) What + a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数 + (主语+谓语)! What a lovely girl she is!(2) What + 形容词+可数名词复数 + (主语+谓语)！What beautiful flowers they are!(3) What +形容词+不可数名词+ (主语+谓语)! What delicious food it is!How引导的感叹句:(1) How + 形容词 / 副词+ (主语+谓语)! How fast she runs! How careful!(2) How + 形容词+ a / an + 可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)！ How beautiful a girl she is!=What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+ (主语+谓语)！(3) How + 主语+谓语！ How time flies! How I miss my hometown!做题时如何区分用how还是what?一找找主语和谓语二划划掉主谓和其后边的所有内容三判断1.看剩余部分是否有名词(1)若没有名词，直接选择用how(2)若有名词A可数名词复数/不可数名词，选择whatB 可数名词单数 What a/an+adj. ! / How+adj. +a/an !Unit 8 From hobby to career 教材重点语法时间状语从句一、状语:表示动作发生的时间、地点、原因、条件等,相当于副词。I am reading a book now in the room.时间状语地点状语状语部分是一个句子，就叫作状语从句，例：I am leading a book when my mother comes in.（主句）时间状语句子（从句）二、时间状语从句的连词:when, while, as1. when:可以位于句中或句首，从句和主句可以调换位置顺序（从句放在前，后边加 ），且动作可以同时或先后发生，从句的动作可以是延续性也可以是短暂性。When I got home, I took off my shoes.（先回家后脱鞋）I was doing my homework when my mother came in.（妈妈进来和我写作业是同时发生 的）When I was eating, the doorbell rang. （eating是延续性动作，rang是短暂性动作）2. while：只能和延续性动词连用，可以位于句中或句首，从句和主句可以调换位置顺 序（从句放在前，后边加，从句和主句的动作同时进行，且都是进行时态时， 只能用while；从句的动作只能是延续性动作。I am doing my homework while my mother is cooking.（两动作同时进行，都是进行时 态，用 while）While my parents were watching TV, I got home.（从句的动作只能是延续性动作）3. as：谓语句中或句首，意为“一边一边”或“随着”The students took notes as they listened. 一边听课，一边记笔记As we grow older, we get wiser.随我我们长大，也越来越聪明三、时间状语从句中的时态1 .表示经常性的两个先后的动作，都用一般现在时。The leaves turn green when spring comes.2 .表示过去两个有先后的动作，都用过去式。When he came back, I told him the news.（他先回来，我再告诉他消息）3 .两个动作同时发生，一个动作过去正在进行（过去进行时），另一个动作用过去时。I met my teacher when I was walking in the street.4 .当描述将来发生的动作时，用主将从现。When I get home this evening, I'm going to have a shower immediately.I can't talk to you now. I will talk to you later when I have time.四、拓展1. ss soon as ”一就遵循主将从现I will call you as soon as I arrive there.我一到达那儿，就给你打电话。2. until 直到才I can't believe until I see it with my eyes.直到我亲眼看见，我才会相信。