Unit+1+要词+好语+精句讲义 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册.docx

必修 3 Unitl Nature in the balanceReading :The Amazon rainforest a natural treasureWelcome to the jungle,p huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.This is the Amazon rainforest.As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem.1. a huge sea of green 绿色海洋2. the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem.地球生态微妙的平衡The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries,including Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region of France,all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres,the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6400 kilometres in lengthroughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems.They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth : one in ten known species in the world can be found here.3. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countriesjncluding Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region of France,all on the South American continent.亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘 鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆。4. Roughlyapproximatelyaround5. the richest biodiversity最丰富的生物多样性Of the 390000 plant species known to us, more than 40000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.The forest/s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.6. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.最底层是地下的根系，往上是阴暗森林地表屋买的落叶层，再往上一层由低矮 的暖叶相物组 成，然后是商耸、古老的阔叶树，最后是那些离地数米之高的大树的树冠， 雨林的每一层都自成一个小世 界，成为各种生物的家园。More than 1300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life.This jaguar is one example.lt has a yellowish-brown coat with black spotq. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forests food chain.They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs.These frogs, in turn,feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.7. a yellowish-brown coat with black spots 棕色的毛皮，布满黑点8. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让营养素重回 土壤之中。The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen.Th us, it is often known as "the lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals:us.Over the past 50 years about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet”?9. a treasure house of species 物种的宝库10. irreplaceable 无可取代的11. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a questionxan we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet"?随着人类活动影响不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题： 我们能承担起损害“地球之肺”的后果。Grammar UsageJack:Hi, Henry! Did you watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday?Henry: No, I didn't.Jack:What a pity! I highly recommend it. You can watch it online if you want to. It's about some of the worst environmental problems were facing today Global warming,for example, is a major problem caused by greenhouse gase|.lt may lead to extreme weather events:droughts,heatwaves and so on.I felt worried when watching the documentary.Henry: Does it also talk about solutions to these problems?Jack:Yes. It includes interviews with more than 20 of the worlds leading experts on environmental issues.All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems.Some call for the application of modern technology,and others a change of lifestyle.Henry: I wish we could also do something to help. Got any ideas?Jack:What about making a brochure about environmental problems?Henry: Sounds great (Let's get started after lunch.12. highly recommend 高度推荐13. Global warming 全球变暖14. greenhouse gases 温室气体15. drought 干旱16. heatwave 热浪Extended reading: News that Matters: pollution in NorgateHOST:Good evening and welcome to News that Matters. Our topic today is pollution in Norgate. Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith a local resident; Vincent Brown,senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer;chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee Welcome.Norgate's rapid development has had significant environmental costj. Mr Smith,you've lived in this city for over 20 years.How would you describe the effects of pollution over that time?17. significant environmental cost 高昂的环境代价SMITH: It's been awful really. When I first moved here the air was fresh, the grass green and the water clear.Then heavy industry factories moved in and things became entirely different.! don't enjoy outdoor activities any more. The river is dirty and smelly.The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it's also given me a cough that I can't get rid of.For health and safety reasons alone heavy industry has to go.18. heavy industry factory 重工业HOST:Mr Smith protested against heavy industry.Mr Brown,would you like to respond?19. protest against 反对BROWN:WellJ'm sorry you feel that way, Mr Smith.People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.In defence of the factories, howeverj'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.I think I speak for all factory managers when, I say were deeply concerned about the environment.We/ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies to reduce pollution in the production process even though these measures raise our production costs. I'd also like to draw your attention to the economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate. We've created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's economy grow.20. tend to趋向于21. irresponsible businessmen 不负责任的商人22. Be eager to 想要23. make huge profit获取巨大利润24. In defence of 为辩护HOST:Thank you,Mr Brown.With pollution levels on the rise the Norgate. Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. Mrs Archer,what are your thoughts on how to deal with pollution?ARCHER: Well, our committee has a major role to play in maintaining air and water quality.We have to achieve a balance between environmental protection and economic development.We/ve made environmental policies for businesses to observejike strict clean-up requiremenq. We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way. However,fighting pollution isn't just a task for factories and the government.lt has to be a community-wide effort and everyone can help by following the golden rule reduce, reuse and recycle.For example, you can save energy by taking the bus or the subway, or using the bike-sharing system.25. Observe-follow26. strict clean-up requirement 严格的净化要求27. a community-wide effort 全社会通力合作HOST:Thank you,Mrs Archer and thanks again to all of our guests.A former UN official once said'Saving our planet lifting people out of poverty advancing economic growth. these are one and the same fight?The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. It/s our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development.It's our duty to leave a better,cleaner and healthier planet to our children.Its our duty to build a human community with a shared future.28. Saving our planet lifting people out of poverty advancing economic growth. these are one and the same fight/The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. It's our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development.It's our duty to leave a better,cleaner and healthier planet to our children.Its our duty to build a human community with a shared future.拯救我们的地球， 让人们摆脱贫困，实现经济增长.，”这是同一场战 斗。”我们的环境与经济的命运休戚与共，在追求经济发 展的同时保护环境，这是我们的 责任。将一个更美好、更清洁、更健康的星球留给我们的后人，这是我们 的责任。构建人 类命运共同体，这是我们的责任。