（全国卷）高三英语下学期3月考前模拟卷2（含解析）.docx

（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期3月考前模拟卷2 （含解析）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOnce, shopping malls and local stores were the only way you could get the items you needed. But online shopping has changed all that and you can also get special deals to buy items at lower prices.Research CarefullyWith good research, you will know about the coupons （优惠券）and discounts on offer and be able to find out whether or not an item is appropriate for you. Check Shopping CataloguesWhen you are wondering how to find online discount shopping deals, shopping catalogues can also help you a lot. These have excellent information on the deals that you can take advantage of.Look for Coupon CodesBy looking for coupon codes, you can save a lot of money on your purchases during the checkout process. The discount will be given on your total purchase amount. If you are going to buy some costly item, codes will benefit you a great deal. Check Social Networking WebsitesThe majority of retailers and stores offer excellent information about the deals, discounts and special offers at their end. You should check these every now and then to learn about the discounts that are on offer. You should bookmark （给夹书The 1. 75-meter robot is similar in size to a human. Though it weighs much morethan most people, it' s able to easily move about in the same sort of space as humans do.（利物浦大学的科学家们研发的UL机器人则恰恰相反，这个1. 75米高的机 器人和人类的大小差不多，能够像人类一样在相同的空间里轻松地移动。）”可知，这 个“that”指代的是早期机器人不能随便移动。故选C。33. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Some of the equipment has been changed slightly to make it easier for the robot, but basically and most impressively, it' s the same equipment a human would use. " （有些设备稍微做了些改变，让机 器人更容易使用，但最基本和最令人印象深刻的是，它和人类使用的设备是一样的。）” 可知，对于UL机器人工作时，最吸引人们的是它和人类使用的设备是一样的。故选D。34. B【解析】推理判断题。最后一段谈到了 AndrewCooper对UL机器人的看法“It isn' t cheap一it cost around $125, 000 and took years to program. But the scientists compare that to the cost of other laboratory equipment which they say can also be quite expensive.（它并不便宜它花费了大约12. 5万美元，花费了数年的时间来编程。但是科学家们将其与其他实验室设备的成本进行比较，这些设备也非常昂 贵。）”可推断，他认为研发UL机器人物有所值。故选B。35. A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The 1. 75-meter robot is similar in size to a human. Though it weighs much more than most people, it' s able to easily move about in the same sort of space as humans do.（这个 1. 75 米高的机器人和人差不 多大。虽然它比大多数人重得多，但它可以很容易地在和人类一样的空间里移动。）” 以及下文内容可知，文章讲述了利物浦大学的科学家开发了一种“UL机器人”，他能 像人一样，可以四处走动，使用的设备与人类科学家使用的设备大小一样，并进行独自 实验。所以“Robot Runs Experiments on Its Own（机器人自己做实验）”作为文章标 题最为合适。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Sun is out一time to go out? Maybe, maybe not, depending on the reopening plan in your state. As people start to consider vacations, a road trip seems like a good idea. 36. You can pack much more of your own goods, and avoid a large number of people.However, there are still safety precautions that all travelers should take, even if you，re heading out to a nearby mountain for a camping trip.37.Even though restrictions are starting to loosen, case counts are unfortunately rising in many parts of the country. You still need to make sure to bring and use your mask whenever you could be in close proximity（接近）to anyone. Create a kit of sorts that includes the essentials. Medicine, water and other basics could go a long way if you need them in an emergency.Don， t go off the beaten path.While part of the joy of exploring Mother Nature is seeing new and beautiful views, if your road trip includes a hike, stay on the marked path. 38. You could get lost, injured or both.Make sure you get enough sleep.While many people have reported difficulty sleeping during the pandemic because of anxiety and uncertainty, adequate rest is necessary before a long car ride. Do not drive while you are feeling sleepy. 39.Protect your skin.You may not consider sun exposure while sitting in the car, but the rays canseep （渗漏）through open windows and cause you to burn. 40. Therefore, you need toprotect yourskin withsunscreen and bugkiller alike.A.Wear yourmask.B.Create anitem kit.C.Avoid thedesire tohike off-trail.D.Mosquitoes are alsodrawn when you' reoutdoors at night.E.After all, you havemore control whenyou travel via four wheels.F.As the sun reaches its highest point,you'11 start to sweat inside your car.G.If you feel like you need rest, pull over and take a 30-minute power nap.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章说明了在出外旅行自驾游时要注意的几个问题。36. E 空前句提至U "As people start to consider vacations, a road trip seems like a good idea.（当人们开始考虑度假时,自驾游似乎是个好主意。）“ ；E项"After all, you have more control when you travel via four wheels.（毕竟，当你通过四个轮子旅行时， 你能更好地控制（你的行程）。）”，E项中“travel via four wheels （通过四个轮子旅行）” 和空前一句中的“a road trip （自驾游）”语义相关。E项是顺承空前一句的话题。故选E。37. B该空是此段的小标题；文章第三、四、五的小标题都是祈使句句式，该空也应该是祈 使句句式；下文提至【J uCreate a kit of sorts that includes the essentials. Medicine, water and other basics”说明在自驾游前，要创建一个包含必需品的工具包，里面应该 有药物、水和其他基本用品；其中"Create a kit"与B项中的词汇重复。因此B项"Create an item kit.（创建一个物品工具包）”可以作为该段的小标题。故选B。38. C该段的小标题是“Don't go off the beaten path.（不要走鲜有人涉足的路。）； 空前一句提到 “if your road trip includes a hike, stay on the marked path. ” 说明 如果你想徒步旅行,要走有标记的道路;C项“Avoid the desire to hike off-trail.（不 要有走小路徒步行的欲望。）”，是顺承空前一句中的“stay on the marked path”的话题, 并且C项与该段小标题的语义相符。故选C。39. G该段的小标题是“Make sure you get enough sleep. ”，在旅途中要保证充足的睡 眠；空前一句提到“Do not drive while you are feeling sleepy. ”说明在旅途中犯困时 不要开车；G 项 “If you feel like you need rest, pull over and take a 30-minute power nap.（如果你觉得你需要休息，把车停到路边，打个30分钟的盹。）”是说明要保证充足的 睡眠，旅途中应该怎样做。G项符合该段的主题。故选G。40. D该段的小标题是uProtect your skin.（保护你的皮肤。）”；空后一句提到“you need to protect your skin with sunscreen and bug killer alike.（你需要用防晒霜和驱虫 药来保护你的皮肤。）” ；D 项 uMosquitoes are also drawn when you' re outdoors at night.（当你晚上在户外时，也会引来蚊子。）”，空后一句中的“bug killer"与D项中 “mosquitoes” 相关。故选 D。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题L 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。Every day after school, Dorothea Lange walked through the streets of downtown Manhattan. She moved so 41 that no one really noticed her at all. Dorothea didn' t mind going unnoticed-it gave her a 42 to see the things she wanted to see.Dorothea had a 43 childhood and she felt different from other people. She had a 44 disability. When she was seven, a disease 45 her with a limp （跛彳亍）. Also, when she was twelve, her father 46 the family, leaving her mother to care for the kids. Dorothea spent many hours alone, 47 people around her going about their lives. Over time, she gradually developed a special 48 she saw beauty in things that others didn, t even 49, Even before she held a camera in her hands, she could still capture these pictures in her 50.In 1914, Dorothea, 51 Arnold Genthe, a famous photographer to make her his assistant. She watched 52 he did and soon became an accomplished photographer. In 1919, Dorothea 53 her own studio and became successful. The pictures Dorothea took during the Great Depression captured people' s 54 and their hopelessness. 55 the photos also captured their pride and honor. She saw in these people a determination that nothing could 56, Using her camera,Dorothea kept a 57 of people who would have otherwise been forgotten.Throughout her life, Dorothea 58 her camera around her neck almost every day. The pictures she made 59 ago are still teaching us to see that 60 can always be found in the determination of human spirit.41.A.excitedlyB.hurriedlyC.anxiouslyD.quietly42.A.chanceB.callC.liftD.memory43.A.simpleB.happyC.hardD.starving44.A.mentalB.physicalC.hearingD.speaking45.A.causedB.keptC.leftD.led46.A.abolishedB.abandonedC.deliveredD.dismissed47.A.ignoringB.searchingC.followingD.watching48.A.habitB.hobbyC.giftD.ambition49.A.solveB.tolerateC.noticeD.foresee50.A.mindB.photoC.faceD.hurry51.A.encouragedB.invitedC.forcedD.convinced52.A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything53.A.made upB.took upC.came upD.set up54.A.despairB.honestyC.willingnessD.carelessness55.A.ForB.ButC.SoD.As56.A.get acrossB.take awayC.break outD.give up57.A.recordB.messageC.chartD.note58.A.pulledB.hungC.showedD.hid59.A.daysB.weeksC.monthsD.decades60.A.regretB.experienceC.beautyD.depression【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了多萝西娅兰格成为一名摄影师的经历， 她善于用相机记录别人未注意到的美。41. D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的动作非常安静，根本没有人注意到她。A. excitedly 激动地；B. hurriedly 匆忙地;C. anxiously 焦急地;D. quietly 安静地。 根据"no one really noticed her at all. ”可知，多萝西娅的动作很安静。故选D。42. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多萝西娅并不介意被人忽视一一这给了她一个机会 去看她想看的东西。A. chance机会；B. call电话；C. lift电梯；D. memory记忆。 根据"to see the things she wanted to see”可知，这是一个看她想看的东西的机 会。故选A。43. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多萝西娅的童年很艰难，她觉得自己和别人不 一样。A. simple简单的；B. happy快乐的；C. hard艰难的；D. starving饥饿地。 根据 uand she felt different from other people. ” 及 “When she was seven, a disease 45 her with a limp （跛行）.”可知，多萝西娅度过艰难的童年。故选 Co44. B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有身体上的残疾。A. mental心理的；B. physical 身体的；C. hearing 听力；D. speaking 发言的。根据 uWhen she was seven, a disease45 her with a limp （跛行）."可知，多萝西娅有身体上的残疾。故选B。45. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她七岁时，一场疾病使她一痛一拐的。A. caused 造成；B. kept保存；C. left离开，留下；D. led导致。根据“She had a 44 disability. v可知，一场疾病给多萝西娅遗留了跛行的毛病。故选C。46. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，在她12岁时，她的父亲抛弃了家庭，留下她的母亲照顾孩子。A. abolished废除；B. abandoned抛弃;C. delivered递送；D. dismissed 开除。根据 “leaving her mother to care for the kids. ” 可知，多萝西 娅的父亲抛弃了家庭。故选B。47. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多萝西娅花了很多时间独自一人，看着她周围的 人过着自己的生活。A. ignoring忽视；B. searching寻找；C. following跟随；D. watching 观看。根据"people around her going about their livesv可知，多萝西 娅独自一人观看周围的人过着自己的生活。故选D。48. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她逐渐形成一种特殊的天赋一一 她能看到别人甚至没有注意到的事物的美。A. habit习惯;B. hobby爱好;C. gift 天赋；D. ambition 雄心。根据 "she saw beauty in things that others didn' t even49.”可矢口,多萝西娅形成一种特殊的天赋。故选C。49. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她逐渐形成一种特殊的天赋一一 她能看到别人甚至没有注意到的事物的美的.solve解决；B. tolerate容忍；C. notice 注意；D. foresee 预见。根据 “Over time, she gradually developed a special48”和"she saw beauty in things ”可知，多萝西娅能够看到别人没有注意到的美。故选C。50. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至在她还没有拿起相机的时候，她就已经能在 脑海中捕捉到这些画面了。A. mind脑海；B.photo照片；C. face脸；D.hurry匆忙。 根据"Even before she held a camera in her hands, 可知，多萝西娅能够在拍摄 之前就已经在脑海中捕捉到美的画面。故选A。51. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1914年，多萝西娅说服著名摄影师阿诺德根特 让她做他的助手。A. encouraged 鼓励；B. invited 邀请；C. forced 强迫；D. convinced 信服。 根据 "Arnold Genthe, a famous photographer to make her his assistant. ” 可知，多萝西娅说服著名摄影师阿诺德根特做他的助手。故选D。52. A【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：她观察他的一举一动，很快就成为一名有成就的 摄影师。A. everything 一切；B. something 某事；C nothing 什么也没有；D. anything 任何事。根据"and soon became an accomplished photographer. ” 可知,多萝西娅 观察摄影师阿诺德根特的一切，学习摄影。故选A。53. D【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：1919年，多萝西娅建立了自己的工作室，并 取得了成功。A. made up组成；B. took up从事；C. came up上升；D. set up设立。 根据"her own studio and became successful. ”可知，多萝西娅建立了自己的工作室。故选D。54. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多萝西娅在大萧条时期拍摄的照片捕捉到了人们 的失望和绝望。A. despair 失望；B. honesty 诚实；C. willingness 乐意；D.carelessness 粗心。根据 “the Great Depression 和“their hopelessness” 可知， 大萧条时期人们的失望和绝望。故选A。55. B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:但这些照片也捕捉到了他们的骄傲和荣誉。A. For 因为；B. But但是；C. So因此；D. As尽管。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连 词but。故选B。56. B【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她在这些人身上看到了一种任何东西都无法 夺走的决心。A. get across 通过；B. take away 拿走；C. break out 爆发；D. give up放弃。根据"She saw in these people a determination”可知，多萝西娅在这些 人身上看到了一种任何东西都无法夺走的决心。故选B。57. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多萝西娅用她的相机记录下了那些本可能被遗忘 的人。A. record t己录；B. message C. chart 表格；D. note 便条。keep a record of记录。根据“Using her camera”可知，多萝西娅用相机来记录。故选A。58. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的一生中，多萝西娅儿乎每天都把相机挂在 脖子上。A. pulled 拉；B. hung 悬挂；C. showed 展示；I）, hid 隐藏。根据"around her neck ”和常识可知，相机挂在脖子上。故选B。59. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她几十年前拍摄的照片仍在教导我们，美总是可 以在人类精神的决心中找到。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. decades 十年。根据“In 1919,"和"Throughout her life, ”可知，多萝西娅拍的照片已经 有几十年了。故选Do60. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她几十年前拍摄的照片仍在教导我们，美总是可 以在人类精神的决心中找到。A. regret遗憾；B. experience经历；C. beauty美； D. depression 沮丧。 根据 "she saw beauty in things that others didn' t even49. . ”可知，美总是能够在人类精神的决心中找到。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分；满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As Australia experiences record-breaking drought and bush fires, koala（考 拉)populations have declined along with their habitat, 61. (lead) to koalas becoming functionally extinct” . Functional extinction is when a population becomes so 62. (limit) that they no longer play an important role 63, their ecosystem.The chairman of the Australian Koala Foundation, Tabart, estimates that over 1, 000 koalas have been killed because of the fires and 64. 80 percent of their habitat has been destroyed. 65. (bad) still, deforestation (米伐森林)and bush fires have destroyed the main food source of koalas. Many people are asking the Australian government to pass the Koala Protection Act, 66. (write) in 2016 but never passed into law. The Koala Protection Act will work to protect habitat and trees important to koalas.Recent videos of Australians saving koalas have led to increased 67. (donate) to help treat burned koalas. Up to date, the Port Macquarie Koala Hospital 68. (raise) $1. 33 million, well over their $ 25, 000 goal, 79. comes from over 30, 000 donors. The funds will also 70. (use) for a uKoala Ark “ as a refuge for burned koalas to live in healthy habitat.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了澳大利亚的干旱和火灾导致考拉数量下 降、栖息地被毁、主要食物来源也被毁。人们积极捐赠治疗烧伤的考拉。61. leading【解析】考查现在分词。句意：澳大利亚经历创纪录的干旱和火灾，考拉的数 量随着栖息地的减少而减少，导致考拉“功能性灭绝”。根据句意，“考拉数量的减少”结 果是“考拉'功能性灭绝'。”此处lead用现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填 leadingo62. limited【解析】考查形容词。句意：功能性灭绝是指种群数量变得非常有限，以至于 它们在生态系统中不再起着重要作用。在系动词become后应是形容词作表语。故填limited。 63. in【解析】考查固定短语。句意：功能性灭绝是指种群数量变得非常有限，以至于它们 在生态系统中不再起着重耍作用。此处是短语play an important role in ”在中起重要作用"。故填in。64. that【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：澳大利亚考拉基金会(Australian Koala Foundation)主席塔巴特(Tabart)估计，火灾导致超过1000只考拉死亡，它们80%的栖息地 被毁。此处and连接两个并列的宾语从句；第二个宾语从句u80 percent of their habitat has been destroyed”句意完整，不缺少任何成分，应用that引导。故填that。65. Worse【解析】考查固定短语。句意：更糟的是，森林砍伐和森林大火摧毁了考拉的主 要食物来源。根据句意，此处是固定短语worse still,意思为“更糟糕的是"，bad应用 比较级形式worse。故填Worse。66. written【解析】考查过去分词。句意：很多人要求澳大利亚政府通过考拉保护法, 该法案写于2016年，但从未成为法律。the Koala Protection Act与write之间为逻辑上 的被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语；write是不规则变化动词，过去分词为written。 故填 writteno67. donation/donationso【解析】考查名词。句意：最近澳大利亚人拯救考拉的视频使 帮助治疗烧伤考拉的捐赠增加。在形容词increased后应是名词形式，在句中作宾语;donate 是动词，名词形式为donation；此处可以理解为是“捐赠”这一行为，是不可数名词；也 可以理解为是“捐赠物”，是可数名词，donation应用复数形式；故填donation/donations。68. has raised【解析】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，麦格理港考拉医院已经筹集到了 133万美元，远远超过他们25, 000美元的目标，这些钱来自3万多名捐赠者。时间状语up to now意思为“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用；句子主语the Port Macquarie Koala Hospital是单数意义，助动词用has。故填has raisedo69. which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：到目前为止，麦格理港考拉医院已经筹集 到了 133万美元，远远超过他们25, 000美元的目标，这些钱来自3万多名捐赠者。分析句 子结构,"comes from over 30, 000 donors”是非限制性定语从