山东省济南市山东师大附中2021-2022学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题含解析.docx

山东师大附中2019级20212022学年秋季开学考试英语学科试题本试卷分I卷和第n两部分，共10页，满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3 .第n卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内 相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液, 胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。第I卷（共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力 部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分,满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回 答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man most probably doing?A. Carrying a box.B. Writing a book.C. Studying.2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The long flights the team took.B. The seasonal result of the team.C. The number of the games the team played.3. How many people will be employed?A. 8.B. 16.C. 30.4. What did they plan to do together?A. Watch a football game. B. Buy a mobile phone. C. See a film.5. What does the man dislike?词义猜测题。根据下文 “Women's superior strengthtoweight ratio （比例）helps offset （弥补）anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes （女性优越的力量与体重比有助于 抵消我们身体力量上的不足，弥合了两性之间的差别）”结合句中的offset（弥补）及bridging可知， 上文表达的是，攀岩这项活动是少数能够让男女公平竞争的运动之一，A. Give a sense of belonging. 感觉到归属感；B. Give someone an advantage.给某人一个优势；C. Make a situation more balanced. 使情况能够平衡；D. Allow someone to prove themselves.让某人能证明自己。C 项 “Make a situation more balanced.使情况能够平衡”与“level the playing行eld创造公平竞争的环境”意思相近，故选 择C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段首句中 “ According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Eiter had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself.（根 据纽约邮报报道，这一路上没有前人探索出来的路径。也就是意味了 Eiter必须自己寻找支撑点， 并预测这些行动将如何进行）”可知，Eiter面临的困难是无迹可寻。故选择B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。本题要求得出我们可以从这两位主人公身上学到什么，实质上是要求判断两位主人 公的品质。纵观全文，Harrington和Eiter的身份都是female climbers （女性攀岩者），且文中使用 了 great （伟大的）和legendary （传奇的）等词进行修饰，攀岩运动是一项极限运动，作为杰出 的现代女性，对其发起挑战，这体现了她们的勇敢（brave）；同时，文中分别讲述了她们经过长 时间的练习和准备，对高难度岩层发起挑战，并取得成功的故事，且全文最后一句"Womenhave decided to follow their hearts. "（女性决定依心而行），表明她们会追逐心中的目标（pursue your goal）, 综上，故选择D项。DAI, 5G, cloud puting and other digital technologies are not only changing our lives but shaping the economy as well.China's six major mercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the eCNY（数字人民币）trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23.“The functions and properties of theCNY are exactly the same as those of the paper currency, except that the form is digital/9 said Mu Changchun, head of the People's Bank of China's Digital Currency Research Institute.Many people are puzzled by eCNY and electronic payments. "Digital currency has the characteristics ofboth paper money and electronic payment,“ said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. "In theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.pared with Alipay and WeChat payments, eCNY features anonymity （匿名'性）and security. Emerce platforms that accept payments via eCNY will not have access to user's personal information. ECNY users can open an anonymous digital wallet by registering a mobile phone number, and tele operators cannot disclose （泄露）customer information to the central bank or any thirdparty institutions. Mu noted that eCNY user's privacy protection is at the highest level among all the existing payment tools.Similar to Alipay and WeChat payments, using eCNY requires an account. After obtaining the other party's account number, users can enter the amount of digital money to transfer （转钱）and then enter the payment password to plete the transaction （交易）.However, the process behind these transfers are different. For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But eCNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to plete a transaction. Therefore, it guarantees riskfree payments, according to Wu.In simple terms, eCNY can be considered "money”, while electronic payments are like "wallets”. 12. What can we know about eCNY?A. It is issued by six major mercial banks.B. It bines paper money and electronic payment.C. It is designed to replace Alipay and WeChat payments.D. It has exactly the same function as other payment tools.13. How does eCNY protect user's privacy?A. By limiting access to personal information.B. By storing personal data in the central bank.C. By opening a unique digital wallet for each user.D. By linking tele operators to a mobile phone number.14. What can be concluded from Paragraph 6?A. ENCY transfers require to go through a third party.B. ENCY is more convenient than other electronic payments.C. ENCY can be transferred without the receiver's information.D. ENCY and electronic payments ensure security in the same way.15. What's the main purpose of the text?A. To promote the use of eNCY. B To inform readers of digital RMB.C. To pare different types of payments.D. To describe the impact of digital technologies.【答案】12.B13. A 14. B 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人工智能、5G、云计算和其他数字技术不仅在改变我们 生活，也 在塑造经济。由此讲述了 eCNY （数字人民币）的功能，性质和特点等。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 u Many people are puzzled by eCNY and electronic payments. "Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper money and electronic payment,said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. "In theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.（很多人对 eCNY 和电子支付感至U 困 惑。北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院教授吴倩红表示：“数字货币兼具纸币和电子支付的特 点。”“从理论上讲，数字货币可以取代纸币、支付宝和微信支付。"）"由此可知eCNY结合 了纸币和电子支付。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 u pared with Alipay and WeChat payments, eCNY features anonymity （匿名 性）and security. Emerce platforms that accept payments via eCNY will not have access to user's personal information.（与支付宝和微信支付相比，eCNY具有匿名性和安全性。接受eCNY支付的电子商 务平台不会获取用户的个人信息）”由此可知通过限制获取用户的个人信息来保护eCNY使用者 的隐私，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段 “ For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But eCNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to plete a transaction. Therefore, it guarantees riskfree payments, according to Wu.（如果采用电子支付方式，则需要通过第三方进行转账，接收者从银行取钱时才 能得到转账的资金。但是eCNY转账只需要一个支付者和一个接收者来完成交易。因此，它保证 了无风险支付。）”这样，eCNY要比其他支付方式方便并且无风险。由此可推断，eCNY比其他 电子支付方式更方便，故选B。15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段 “China's six major mercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the eCNY （数字人民币）trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23.（据上海证券报3月23日报道，我国六大商业银行正在加大电子钱包的 力度，为国内试点人民币提供新的动力。）”以及下文对eCNY（数字人民币）功能、性质和特点等 的介绍，可知本篇文章目的就是要告诉读者关于eCNY （数字人民币）的相关信息，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。A career aptitude （能力、 倾向）test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force.16 . These tests can help evaluate how a person thinks and best understand what areas of interest aperson may want to go after.17 . They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiplechoice ortrue/false questions. These are often used so that the results of the test can be determined through puter analysis of answers. Take 123 Career Test for an example. 123 Career Test is a fivetoten minute assessment of your career personality. You look at pictures of people who are doing workrelated task, and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task. 18, the puterwill soon tell you what work environments and occupations best suit your career personality.123 Career Test shows how wonderful career aptitude test can be. You may now be eager to try one.19.Some career aptitude tests may only focus on analyzing the types of skills or strengths and weaknesses a person may have. The results of such tests may not always match what a person wants to do. Someone could be very strong at critical thinking and analysis, which may indicate he or she has an aptitude for being a scientist. If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue. 20.A. It is relatively easy to carry outB. It indicates what tests are more suitable for themC. It determines what career might be the best choice for themD. After you finish the tasks related to choosing "yes" or "no"E. But before you do that, there's something you'd better knowF. The results only show a career which he or she may be good atG. There are many ways in which a career aptitude test can be prepared【答案】16.C17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了职业能力测试方式，以及测试结果的参考价值。【16题详解】根据上文 A career aptitude （能力、倾向）test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force.（职业能力测试通常被用来帮助那些有兴趣进入职场的人）”可知，本段主要讲述的是职业 能力测试的用途，C选项“它决定了什么职业可能是他们的最佳选择”选项中的it指代的就是上 文中的“ A career aptitude （能力、倾向）test”，符合题意，故选择C项。17题详解】根据下文 “They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiplechoice or true/false questions.（它们通常会由许多多项选择题或者是判断正误题的问题组成）”可知，这里说的是测 试题的表现形式，G项“职业能力测试的呈现方式有很多”符合题意，故选择G项。【18题详解】根据上文 “You look at pictures of people who are doing workrelated task, and choose "yes" or "no" in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task.（你看那些正在做与工作相关的任务的照 片，然后回答是或者不是，来判断你是否能够看到自己在享受这项任务）”可知，这里说的是123 职业测试的方式，D项“在你完成了选择是还是否的相关任务后”由after引导承接上文内容，符 合题意，其中“yes” or “no”与上文一致，故选择D项。19题详解】根据上文u You may now be eager to try one.（你现在可能就想去试一下）”可知，说的是想去进 行职业能力测试，E项“但是在你去做之前，有一些事情你最好了解”中的But表示转折关系， 承接上文的想要去做测试，并引出下文，说明做之前还有一些事情耍了解，句中“that”指的就 是上文提到的“去试一下”，故选择E项。【20题详解】根据上文 “If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue.（然而，如果这个人对科学没有特别的兴趣，那么这种测试的结果并不一定表明他或者是她可以从事什么职业）”可知，这里说的 是有关职业测试结果的内容,F项“结果就只能表明他或者是她可能擅长的职业”，“theresults” 以及“heorshe”是上文内容的复现，符合题意，故选择F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big pany. Each one was 21 separately by a mittee of three people. Each applicant 22 the questions and tried their best to 23 the interviewers.However, one 24 proved to be set them apart, which was, "What is the 25 of being yourself?”The first one said/'Be spontaneous (自发的)and don't 26 as people expect you to.'The second one said:"Show your 27 to reflect your strong personality.The third person presented the following insight: "Be honest and don't 28 in order to impress people.The mittee wasn't 29 with their answers and decided to invite five other 30 to interview for the job.31, the mittee asked a simple question that 32 the candidates9 way of thinking. Thephrase “be yourself9 seems to carry a(n) 33 meaning, but how one 34 it can reveal a lot about him or her.This expression encourages people to ignore outside influences and think 35. Only by doingso can we define our ambitions, address our weaknesses and achieve our goals in our own way.21. A. remendedB. interviewedC. informedD. received22. A. answeredB. raisedC. choseD. predicted23. A. impressB. greetC. attractD. please24. A. incidentB. actionC. choiceD. question25. A. benefitB.purposeC. meaningD. result26. A. workB. plainC. refuseD. behave27. A. kindnessB. confidenceC. responsibilityD. honesty28. A.change29. A. annoyed30. A. interviewers31. A. In turn32. A. improves33. A. important34. A. believes35. A. carefully【答案】21. B 22. AC 31. C 32. BB. lieB. delightedB. employeesB. In returnB. reflectsB. familiarB. practicesB. independently23. A 24. D33. C 34. D25. C35. BC. praiseC. relievedC. applicantsC. In truthC. determinesC. shallowC. acceptsC. positively26. D 27. BD. challengeD. contentD. officialsD. In totalD. includesD. differentD. explainsD. deeply28. B 29. D 30.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过讲述三个应聘者的故事，来阐明“做自己”的真 正意义。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三位面试者单独由三位成员组成的委员会来进行面试。A. remended 推荐；B. interviewed 面试；C. informed 通知；D. received 收到。根据上文 uThree applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big pany.（三名 申请人正在一家大公司面试 人力资源经理的工作）”可知，三个人是在接受面试，故选择B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个申请人都会回答一些问题，并尽力给面试官留下深刻印象。A. answered 回答；B. raised 举起；C. chose 选择；D. predicted 预测。根据上文中的“interviewing” 及下文中的“questions”可知，是在面试过程中回答问题，故选择A项。【23题详解】 考查词义辨析。句意：同上。A. impress给深刻印象；B.greet问候；C.attract吸引；D. please 使高兴。 根据上文 “Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big pany.（三名申请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）”可知，说的是申请者尽可能 给面试官留下深刻印象，impress “给深刻印象”符合句意，故选择A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个问题把他们区分开来，问题是“做自己的意义是什么？ " A. incident 事件;B. action 行动;C. choice 选择;D. question 问题。根据上文“Each applicant answered the questions （每个申请人都要回答一些问题）”可知，这里说的是其中的一个问题，故选择D 项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.benefit利益；B.purpose目的；C.meaning意义；D. result 结果。根据下文申请人的回答“The first one said:"Be spontaneous （自发的）and don't behave as peopleexpectyouto."（第一个申请人回答说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表现）”可 知，上文问的是做自己的意义，故选择C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个申请人回答说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表现。A. work 工作；B. plain 抱怨；C. refuse 拒绝；D. behave 表现。根据上文的问题"What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”可知，这里回答的是做自己就是要自发的，不是像别 人期望的那样去表现，故选择D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个人回答：“展示你的自信，来反应你强烈的个性。" A. kindness 仁慈，善行；B. confidence 自信；C. responsibility 责任;D. honesty 诚实。根据上文 ubeing yourself （做自己）”及下文"reflect your strong personality （反应你强烈的个性）”可知,这里说的是展示自信，故选择B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个人陈述了他的领悟：“要诚实，不要为了给别人留下深刻印象 而撒谎。" A. change改变;B. lie撒谎；C.praise赞美;D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Be honest（要诚实）”可知，下文说的是不要撒谎，故选择B项。29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：委员会对于他们的答案并不满意，并决定邀请其他的申请者来面试 这份工作。A. annoyed生气的；B. delighted高兴的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. content满意的。根据 下文“decided to invite five other applicants to interview for the job.（决定邀请其他的申请者来面试 这份工作）”可知，委员会对于这三位申请人的回答是不满意的，故选择D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. interviewers面试者;B. employees雇员；C. applicants申请 人；D. officials 官员。根据上文 “The mittee wasn't content with their answers （委员会对于他们的 回答并不满意）”可知，要邀请其他的申请人来面试，故选择C项。【33题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，委员会提出了一个反应候选人思维方式的简单问题。A. In turn 依次；B.次return作为回报;C.次truth事实上;D. In total总计。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”可知，这实际上是一个反应人的思维方式的 问题，In truth “事实上”符合句意，故选择C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. improves改善；B. reflects反应；C. determines决心；D. includes 包括。根据下文 “The phrase "be yourself' seems to carry a shallow meaning, but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（短语“做自己”似乎意义浅显，但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示 出许多关于他或者是她的事情）”可知，这个问题可以反应候选人的思维方式，故选择B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意短语“做自己”似乎意义浅显，但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示处许 多关于他或者是她的事情：A. important重要的；B.familiar熟悉的；C. shallow浅显的；D. different 不同的。根据下文 ubut how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（但一个人如何解释它 却可以揭示处许多关于他或者是她的事情）”结合句中“but”转折可