人教版九年级全册Unit 5 What are the shirts made of？讲义.docx

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?词汇拓展leaf （单数）一leaves （复数）fair n.展览会；交易会adj.公平的；白皙的；气象晴朗的fairness n.公平；美好；unfair adj.不 公平的sliver n,银；银器adj.银的sliveryadj.似银的glass n.玻璃 glasses n.眼镜produce v.生产；制造；出产 product n.产品，C/U new product 新产品production n.不可名，“生产，制造，产量”producer生产商，制造商，产地film producer.出品人France n.法国French adj.法国的n.法语Frenchman n.法国人 pl. FrenchmenGermany（德国）一German（德语）widely adv. wide adj.widen v,使变宽、加宽pack v.包装；装箱package n.包裹 packed adj.充满的，塞满的local adj.当地的；本地的localization n.地方化localized adj.局部的，地区的location n.地点，位置avoid v.避免，回避avoidance n.避免，避开international n adj.国际的national adj 国家的，民族的 a national drink 国饮 nation n.国家，民族 nationality n.国籍；民族competitor n.参赛者；竞争者compete v.竞赛, 竞争 compete with sb.和.竞争competition n.比赛form n.形式，类型formal adj.正式的，庄重的informal adj.非正式的lively adj.生气勃勃的；（色彩）鲜艳的lively paintingslive adj.活的；实况转播的；vi.居住;生存vt.经历;度过alive adj.活着的；活泼的；有生气的living adj.活的；现存的;n.生存;生计v.生活;居住（live的ing形式）；historical adj.（有关）历史的history n.历史，历史学；historic adj.有历史意义的;历史上著名的historian n.历史学家heat n.热；高温v.加热，变热 heated adj.热的；激昂的；complete v.完成 adj.完整的completely adv.完全地，彻底地totally重点短语2,在-制造be made in4.在艺术和科学展览会上at the art and science fairI .由一制成be made of / from3,由某人制造be made by sb.5.环境保护 environmental protection7.作为一闻名be famous / known as9.在山腰上on the sides of mountains6.以一闻名be famous / known for8.据我所知 as far as I know10.用手工 by handII .送某物用语做某事send sth for (doing) sth12.派人去请send for sb13 .全中国/世界all over / around China /the world14 .搜寻美国产品 search for American productsin France15 .哪几种东西what kinds of things 16.在法国17.不论什么no matter what 18.在那些国家生产be made in those countries19 .一位17岁的上海男孩 a 17-year-old boy from Shanghai20 .看望他的阿姨和叔叔visit his aunt and uncle21 .在当地商店的这么多产品 so many products in the local shops22 .为我堂兄买玩具buy a toy car for my cousin23 .即使，虽然 even though24.大多数玩具most of the toys25 .美国牌子American brands26.中国生产的唯一东西the only things made in China27 .一双篮球鞋a pair of basketball shoes 28.避免买日本产的产品avoid buying products made in J叩an29 .实际上in fact30.手机(on the )mobile phones31 .擅长擅长日常用品 be good at making everyday things32 .制造高科技的产品make high-technology products33 .在世界各地in all parts of the world34 .由用过的木头和玻璃制成的be made of used wood and glass35.在每月的最后的星期五36 .讲德语speak Germanon the last Friday of each month37.好几个德国人several Germans38 .在德国in Germany40.做衣服make dresses39.被-覆盖be covered with sth / by sb.41.做风筝 make a kite42 .放风筝fly a kite43.引起交通事故cause traffic accidents44 .对一了解一些（更多）45 .去度假go on vacationlearn /know /find out something about.46.在度假on his vacation47 .许多不同种类的风筝 many different kinds of kites48 .在国际风筝节上 (at)an international kite festival49 .从纸至粘土至lj毛竹 from paper to clay to bamboo50 .变成turn into (to /on /off/ up/ down around )51 .美的物体objects of beauty52.根据according to53 .放出孔明灯send out sky lanterns54.处在困境中(be) in / out of trouble55 .升到空中 rise into the air56.被看作光明的象征 be seen as bright symbols57 .剪纸 paper cutting 59.用剪刀剪be cut with scissors60.中国粘土艺术Chinese clay art61 .粘土作品the clay pieces 62.看起来逼真 look real63 .中国童话故事的生动人物 lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale64 .仔细地用手工定型be carefully shaped by hand65用高温烧 be fired at a very high heat66 .用于做某事 be used for doing67.用于做某事 be used to do sth68 .被某人用 be used by sb. 69.由牛奶制成 be made from milk 70.在半夜 at midnight71 .许多关于语言学习的研究 a lot of research on how languages are learned72 .一些古典电影 some classic films经典句式1、As far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 据我所知,茶树被种在山坡上。.2、He sent out sky lanterns to ask for help when in trouble. 当处于困境时,他放飞孔明灯来寻求帮助。3、Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.很多交通事故都是被粗心驾驶造成的。4、 Children under 18 are not allowed to watch this show without their parents.18岁以下的儿童没有家长的陪同不被允许观看这个节目。5、When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.茶叶成熟以后，人们就手工把叶子采摘下来，然后送去加工。6、It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.似乎全世界好多人都在喝中国茶。7、People say that tea is good for both health and business.大家说茶对健康和生意都有好处。8、 He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.他发现一个有趣的事情，当地商店里许多产品都是中国制造的。9、He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.他意识到美国人几乎不可避免的会买到中国制造的产品。10、 It's great that china is so good at making these everyday things.中国擅长制造这些日常用品真的是太棒了。11> He wishes that in the future China will also get better at making high-technology products.他希望将来有一天中国更善于制造高科技产品。12> They try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty and family.他们通常表达的都是那些生活中重要的东西，比如爱，美和家庭。13> Sky lanterns are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.孔明灯被幸福和美好愿望的光明象征。14> When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons.孔明灯被点燃以后，像小小的热气球一样缓缓地升入天空。15> These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.这些小小的陶泥艺术品表达了中国人民对生活和美的热爱。16> It takes several weeks to complete everything.完成这一切需要花费几周时间语法被动语态一 .语态分类英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。e.g They will build a new bridge over the river. A new bridge will be built over the river.被动语态形式：助动词be +及物动词的过去分词构成。二.八种时态中的被动语态一般现在时:am / is / are+ done一般过去时： was / were + done一'般将来时：will be + doneam / is / are going to be + done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时： was / were + being + done现在完成时：have/has + been+ done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / w川 + have been + donee.g The school will have been built by 2024.注意：被动语态没有将来进行时三.含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。e.g You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.四.被动语态的使用1 .当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。eg. "Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”2 .突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。eg.These records were made by John Denver.The cup was broken by Paul.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时.，这时常用in +名词作状语,而代替by短 语。eg.These cars were made in China.五.主动语态变被动语态的方法L把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。3 .把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be +过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。4 .把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by短语可以省略。如果原句主 语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in +地点名词作状语。六.语态转换时所注意的问题L把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语 保持一致。eg. We have bought a new computer.A new computer was bought by us.2,含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语 为主语时比较多.V + sb sth = sb be V-ed sthe.g My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present by my uncle on my birthday.如果把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，则在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：e.g A present was given to me on my birthday.注意:一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to,如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。eg. The book is shown to the class.My bike is lent to her.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for,如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order; paint, play, sing 等。eg. A new skirt is made for me.The meat is cooked for us.3.由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词 不可拆开或漏掉。及物动词+ 介词：agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。eg.The patient is being operated on.The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。eg.His request was turned down.The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.4,带复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保 留在谓语动词后面。如：eg.We always keep the classroom clean.The classroom is always kept clean by us.注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to,但改成被动语态后都带to。eg.We often hear him play the guitar.He is often heard to play the guitar.5 .当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody作by的 宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：eg. Nobody can answer this question.The question can be answered by nobody. (X)The question can't be answered by anybody.6 .当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时,在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如：e.g They haven't done anything to make the river clean.Nothing has been done to make the river clean.9 .下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel, look, seem, taste, sound, remaineg. 一Do you like the material?一 Yes, it feels (feel) very soft.The food tastes (taste) delicious.The pop music sounds (sound) beautiful.谓语是及物动词 leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own 等,不用被动语态。eg.He entered the room and got his book.误：The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误：Her hand was had burned.一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态,如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to 等。如：eg.The fire broke out in the capital building.误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。eg.When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had alreadyrisen.误：The sun had already been risen.宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v.ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语, 如：eg.l taught myself English.误： Myself was taught English.We love each other.误：Each other is loved.10 .在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示,据说It is said that 据报导It is reported that 普遍认为It is generally considered that希望lt is hoped that众所周知It is well known that 有人建议It is suggested that 据推测It is supposed that11 .初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有：be covered with 覆盖be made of由制作（发生物理变化）be made from由制作（发生化学变化）be made in由（某地）制造be made by被（某人）制造be used as被当作（作为）来使用It is said that.据说It is well known that.众所周知It is believed that be used for 被用来be used to do sth.被用来做某事 It is hoped that. 希望It is reported that 根据首字母提示完成单词。l.She looks beautiful because she wears a s chain around her neck.2 . Shandong is k for big and sweet apples.3 . At present, people are trying their best to stop the virus from spreading w in the other parts of theworld.4 . The red paper is usually folded before it is cut into pictures with s.5 .The 1 on the .ground in autumn mean winter is coming soon.6 .Each c has two sides.So don't feel too sad because of the bad news.7 .These materials will be p into paper cups and then sent to different parts of the country.8 .When I travel somewhere new,I would like to taste the 1 food.9It's impossible for people to a making mistakes , so don't worry about it.9 O.Because of the heavy t, his car was stuck in cars.10 l.Qu Yuan is a h figure in Chinese history.12 .He p his car so that his car looked like new one.13 .Foxconn （富士康）p a lot of smart mobile phones for Apple Inc. every year.14 .Chengdu is becoming an i city , more and more foreign companies have theirfactories here.15 .The h of the summer sun prevented us from hiking.We had to stay in the hotel.16 .Different f of traditional arts can be found in different parts of the country.17 .People eat food with c in China while westerners eat with knives and forks.18 .The c are from different high schools in the city; they will compete with each other in thefollowing games.19 .Paris , one of the 1 cities in Europe , is famous for its fashion art.20.1 spent two hours p my old shoes.The shoes have special meaning to me.1.silver 2.known 3.widely 4.scissors 5.leaves 6.coin 7.processed 8.local 9.avoid lO.traffic11.historical 12.produces pleted 14.international15. heat16.forms17. chopsticks petitors 19.liveliest 20. polishing语法填空(-)The Chinese boy Su Yiming shone at the 2022 Winter Games in Beijing. After winning 1(China) firstever Olympic gold medal in snowboarding, Su encouraged other youths to go after their goals. 2 17-year-old said after the game, “It feels like a wild dream come true. ”3(influence) by his father, Su, born in Jilin Province, took up skiing at 4. "When I first skied, it was just for fun. At that time, I didn' t know what sport it was,“ He recalled. "Then I 4(gradual) fell in lovewith it.”After 14 years on the snow, Su has found the most special thing about snowboarding comes from its various styles, and he is trying 5(discover) his own. He said, “Combine your style and 6(difficult). Ithink this is the coolest thing about snowboarding.Besides, Su has noted the rapid growth of the sport has consistently kept him 7(go) forward. "Mygoal has never been to beat anyone else,8 to challenge myself. ”Although some Changes have taken place over these years, the only unchanged thing for Su is his love for skiing. " Whether 9 a fan or an athlete, I, m doing what I love. Only when you love something will youdo your best to go for it. If you spare no effort, nothing is 10(possible), “ he said.1. China's 2.The 3.1nfluenced 4.gradually 5.to discover6. difficulty 7. going 8. but 9. as 10. impossible（二）Scientists have used modern technology to recreate the voice of an Egyptian mummy(木乃伊)who's been dead for 3,000 years.The mummy has been part of the 11 (collect) at Leeds University Museum. Over 3,000 years ago, the mummy was a priest (教士)whose job was 12 (sing) and chant in the capital of Egypt.In 2016, scientists put the mummy in a CT scanner, which 13 (allow) scientists and doctors to see inside of things without cutting them open. The CT scanner gave the scientists a complete picture of the mummy's vocal tract( 声腔)that was used to make sounds. Because the process of turning the priest into a mummy 14 (do) so well, his vocal tract was in surprisingly good shape.Once the scientists had images of the vocal tract, they were able to make a 3D-printed copy of it. Dr. David Howard, 15 of the main scientists in the project, created something he called a "Vbcal Tract Organ(含导官)This is basically a speaker 16 can push sounds through a 3D-printed vocal tract.The scientists chose a simple sound as a test. They used the VTO to play the sound. Ifs not much, really- just 17 "ehhhhh“ sound. But the scientists say the sound is very much like the sound that the priest would have made.How can they be so sure? They've made 3D-printed models of the vocal tracts of 18 (live) people. The sounds those models make are very similar 19 the voices of the actual people.The sound isn't perfect. But the researchers hope that at some point in the future, they will 20 (success) recreate the sounds of the priest speaking in full sentences.11. collection 12.to sing 13. allowed 14.was done 15. one16. that/which 17. an 18. living 19. to 20. successfully