新概念英语第三册lesson55课堂笔记.docx

新概念英语第三册Lesson 55 From the Earth Greetings来自地球的问候（一）书本Recent developments in astronomy have made it possible to detect planets in our own Milky Way and in other galaxies.天文学方面最新发展使得我们能够在银河系和其他星系发现行星。This is a major achievement because, in relative terms, planets are very small and do not emit light.这是一个重要的成就，因为相对来说，行星很小，而且也不发光。Finding planets is proving hard enough, but finding life on them will prove infinitely more difficult.寻找行星证明相当困难，但是要在行星上发现生命会变得无比艰难。The first question to answer is whether a planet can actually support life.第一个需要解答的问题是一颗行星是否有能够维持生命的条件。In our own solar system, for example, Venus is far too hot and Mars is far too cold to support life.举例来说，在我们的太阳系里，对于生命来说，金星的温度太高，而火星的温度则太低。Only the Earth provides ideal conditions, and even here it has taken more than four billion years for plant and animal life to evolve.只有地球提供理想的条件，而即使在这里，植物和动物的进化也用了 40亿年的时间。Whether a planet can support life depends on the size and brightness of its star, that is its sun .一颗行星是否能够维持生命取决于它的恒星-即它的“太阳”-的大小和亮度。Imagine a star up to twenty times larger, brighter and hotter than our own sun.设想一下，一颗恒星比我们的太阳还要大，还要亮，还要热20倍，A planet would have to be a very long way from it to be capable of supporting life.那么一颗行星为了维持生命就要离开的它的恒星非常远。Alternatively, if the star were small, the life-supporting planet would have to have a close orbit round it and also provide the perfect conditions for life forms to develop.反之，如果恒星很小，维持生命的行星就要在离恒星很近的轨道上运行，而且要有极好 的条件才能使生命得以发展，But how would we find such a planet?但是，我们如何才能找到这样一颗行星呢？At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life.现在，没有一台现存的望远镜可以发现生命的存在。The development of such a telescope will be one of the great astronomical projects of the twenty-first century.而开发这样一台望远镜将会是21世纪天文学的一个重要的研究课题。It is impossible to look for life on another planet using earth-based telescopes.使用放置在地球上的望远镜是无法观察到其他行星的生命的。Our own warm atmosphere and the heat generated by the telescope would make it impossible to detect objects as small as planets.地球周围温暖的大气层和望远镜散出的热量使得我们根本不可能找到比行星更小的物 体。Even a telescope in orbit round the earth, like the very successful Hubble telescope, would not be suitable because of the dust particles in our solar system.即使是一台放置在围绕地球的轨道上的望远镜-如非常成功的哈勃望远镜-也因为太阳 系中的尘埃微粒而无法胜任。A telescope would have to be as far away as the planet Jupiter to look for life in outer space, 望远镜要放置在木星那样遥远的行星上才有可能在外层空间搜寻生命。because the dust becomes thinner the further we travel towards the outer edges of our own solar system.因为我们越是接近太阳系的边缘，尘埃就越稀薄。Once we detected a planet, we would have to find a way of blotting out the light from its star,一旦我们找到这样一颗行星，我们就要想办法将它的恒星射过来的光线遮暗，so that we would be able to see the planet properly and analyse its atmosphere.关注 “新标准英语"免费同步辅导，免费海量资源这样我们就能彻底“看见”这颗行星，并分析它的大气层。In the first instance, we would be looking for plant life, rather than little green men .首先我们要寻找植物，而不是那种“小绿人”。The life forms most likely to develop on a planet would be bacteria.行星上最容易生存下来的是细菌。It is bacteria that have generated the oxygen we breathe on earth.正是细菌生产出我们在地球上呼吸的氧气。For most of the earth s history they have been the only form of life on our planet.在地球上发展的大部分进程中，细菌是地球上唯一的生命形式。As Earth-dwellers, we always cherish the hope that we will be visited by little green men and that we will be able to communicate with them.作为地球上的居民，我们总存有这样的希望：小绿人来拜访我们，而我们可以和他们交 流。But this hope is always in the realms of science fiction.但是，这种希望总是只在科幻小说中存在。If we were able to discover lowly forms of life like bacteria on another planet, it would completely change our view of ourselves.如果我们能够在另一颗行星上找到诸如细菌的那种低等生命，那么这个发现将彻底改变 我们对我们自己的看法。As Daniel Goldin of NASA observed, Finding life elsewhere would change everything.正如美国国家航空和宇宙航空局的丹尼尔戈尔丁指出的“在其他地方发现生命会改变 一切。No human endeavor or thought would be unchanged by it.任何人类的努力和想法都会发生变化。”单词讲解00 live hv v.活着；居住；过着1） .居住；生活（表示长期居住）live + at +小地点（例如:街道）live +in+大地点（例如：国家，城市）I live in Hefei.我住在合肥。The Sawyers live at 87 King Street.索耶一家住在国王街87号。2） .活；生存People cannot live without air.没有空气，人们就不能生存。My grandmother lived until she was 102.我祖母活到了 102岁。3） . live a/an. life 过着的生活live a healthy life过着健康的生活live a happy life过着快乐的生活live a simple life过着简单的生活00 stay stei v.停留；逗留；保持1） .呆在，停留stay at home 呆在家里She stays at home every day.她每天都呆在家中。2） .逗留；暂住We are staying at the same hotel.我们住在同一家酒店。3） .保持stay hungry, stay foolish .求知若份L, 虚心若愚。The door stays open.门就这么开着。拼读：stay-day-way-may-say-pay拓展：stay和keep都有"保持的意思。0单词"stay指保持原有的状态，它常和形容词搭配使用，比如：保持积极的心态 stay positive；保持年轻 stay young；0 "keep"则强调主动地做一件事来保持某种状态Could you keep quiet, please?你能安静点吗?（原来不安静,希望安静）I want to keep fit.我想通过锻炼身体保持健康。Keep your desk clean,保持你的课桌干净。00 arrive a'raiv v.到达I will arrive at the airport at 3pm.我将在下午 3 点到达机场。She will arrive in New York tomorrow.她明天将到达纽约。arrive in +大地点arrive at +小地点00 home haom n.家；adv.在家，到家stay at home 呆在家里be at home 在家homework家庭作业homeland 祖国拼读：home-joke-rose-note-hope-rope-nose00 housework 'hausw3：k n.家务I usually do housework on weekends.（我通常在周末做家务。）do some housework/homework做一些家务事/家庭作业拼读:house-mouse-couch-round-playground-mountain-about-trousers-cloud-south00 lunch lAntJ n.午饭breakfast 早饭dinner/supper 晚饭eat/have breakfast/lunch/dinner/suppermeal n. 一餐00 afternoon ta'nuin n.下午after 'a:fta 在.以后noon n.正午；中午00 evening 'i:vnir n.晚上；傍晚an evening dress 件晚礼月艮00 night nait n.夜间in the morning/afteroon/evening 在早上/中午/晚上at night 在夜里Good night !晚安！Good evening !晚上好！00 usually 'ju：suali adv.通常usual adj.平常的unusual adj.异常的；独特的；与众不同的00 together ta'geSa adv.共同；一起Let's go home together.让我们一起回家吧。The twin boys always go to school together.这对双胞胎男孩总是一起上学。句子讲解The Sawyers live at 87 King Street.索耶一家住在国王街 87 号。1) . the Sawyers是指索耶一家。在英文中，姓氏后面加s,前面加定冠词the,用来指一 家人，特别是丈夫和妻子。the Sawyers 还可以说：the Sawyer familyThe Browns always have a big family dinner for Thanksgiving.布朗一家在感恩节总是有一个大的家庭晚宴。the + 姓氏 + family= the + 姓氏+sthe Lee family= the Lees【题 目】 the Browns swimming in the sea?A.lsB.AmC.Are【答案】C2) .我们在写中文地址的时候，是按照国家、城市、区、街道、小区、楼号、单元号、 门牌号的顺序来写的，是由大到小但是，英文地址的书写方式是与中文完全相反的，是由小到大，顺序应该是：房间号- 单元号一楼号小区一街道城市国家。例如：宁波市郸州区彩虹南路15号2单元304Room 304, Unit 2, No.15 South Caihong Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, China北京市海淀区海淀路8号8 Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing9 .需要掌握的动词短语：go to work去上班go to school 去上学go to bed去睡觉请注意：work, school以及bed之前不带任何冠词take sb. to. 送某人去stay at home呆在家里（与stay home在意思上相差无儿。前者中的home是名词， 后者中的home是副词）see one's friend 见朋友come home from school 放学回家come home from work 下班回家read newspaper 看报纸watch television 看电视例句：I go to work at 8 am every day.（我每天早上8点去上班。）She stays at home and watches TV when she's sick.（当她生病时，她呆在家里看电视。）He takes his son to school every morning.（他每天早上送JL子上学。）I come home from work at around 6 pm.（我大约在下午6点下班回家。）She sees her friends every weekend.（她每个周末都会见朋友。）They come home from school together every day.（他们每天起放学回家。）He reads newspaper every morning with his coffee.（他每天早上喝咖啡的时候读报纸。）I usually go to bed at 10 pm.（我通常在晚上10点睡觉。）She watches television every night before going to bed.（她每天晚上睡觉前都会看电视。）10 She always eats her lunch at noon.她总是在正午吃午饭。at noon正午11 They arrive home early他们到家很早。He arrives home late.他到家很晚。early和late都是副词，修饰的是动词arrive。She always arrive at school early.她上学总是早到。My parents usually get up late at weekend.我父母周末通常起床很晚。