PEP六年级上册英语知识点归纳.docx
PEP六年级上册英语知识点归纳Unitl How can I get there1 .重点单词和短语(一)science, museum, post office, bookstore, cinema, hospital2 .重点句型分析(一)1 .Where is the museum shop?此问句是由特殊疑问词where引导的一个特殊 疑问句,where意为“在哪里,到哪里”,用来询问地点,放在句子的开头。询 问“某 人或某物在哪里的基本句型是:“Where+is/are+主语? ", where is后 接名词或代词的单数形式,where are后接名词或代词的复数形式。1.1 t's near the door,此句中near是表示位置的介词,意为“旁边,附近”,其 同义句是:Ifs next to the door,它在门的旁边。3 .重点单词和短语(二)crossing, turn, left, right, straight4 .重点句型分析(二)1. How can we get there?此句用来询问“怎样去某地”,后面直接跟地 点。回答时,可以用“Turn left, turn right, go straight.,等句来回答。2. Turn left at the bookstore. Then turn right at the hospital.此句是指路的 句型。常用到的句型有:turn left,向左转turn right,向右转go straight直着走。同 时表示在某处的介词用at.5 .重点单词和短语(三)Tasty, buy, London Eye, next to, far from, go straight, turn left, stomach6 .重点句型分析(三)Is the Thames far from here? No.此句是个be动词开头的一般疑问句,其 回答要用yes或no.句中的far from意为“离.远"。反义词组为nearto. 方位词简介:般疑问句 Does he work in a company ?Yes , he does .(3) 询问怎样去工作 一 How does your father go to work ? 一 He goes to work by car.(一般“by+交通工具的单词或者是on foot”回答)An artist draws pictures . A cleaner cleans streets . A doctorhelps sick people .A teacher teaches lessons . A salesperson sells things .(5) What a great job!此句是由“what”引导的感叹句:“what”意为多么用 作定 语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名 词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+形容词+名 词+主语+谓语+(it is).如:What a clever girl she is!多么聪明的姑娘呀!%1 一些由动词变化而来的职业名词:teach teacher, clean cleaner zsingsinger, dancedancer, drivedriver, writewriter, TVreportTV reporter, actactor, actactress , artartist zengine engineer z play basketball/football/baseball一basketball/football/baseball player%1 What are you going to be ?问的是长大想干什么,注意用be。F m going to be a .记住p61和63有关职业信息的内容%1记住几个地点:shoe /car/air-conditioner company鞋/汽车/空调公司(%1)语法点做对句子划线部分提问11试题时,一般应该遵循三个步骤:(1)确定与句子划线部分相应的特殊疑问词,并且特殊疑问词代替相应的 划线部分。(2)把特殊疑问词代替划线部分后的句子变成一般疑问句。(3 )最后再把特殊疑问词提到句首。以上三个基本步骤可以用三个字来概括,即:定,问,提。例如:This is a book.This is what. (2)Is this what ? (3)What is this ? 主意:句只是 -种变化过程,不必写入试题中。句才是试题所要求的形式和结果,必须写到 试题上。以上三个步骤是对句子划线部分提问最基本的过程。然而对不同句子的不同成份提问时,还要注意以下几点:(1)如果句子的划线部分是主语,只找出相应的特殊疑问词,用来代替划 线部分即可。如:1) He teaches us English. Who teaches us English ? 2 ) My mother* s clothes are over there. Whose clothes are over there ?(2)如果句子的划线部分是谓语(包括谓语动词),不论原来的谓语动词 是何种形式(时态、语态),都要将谓语动词变为d。的相应的形式:不论原来的 谓语动词后面跟的是人、物还是地点,一律用What来代替。如:1 )They are playing football.They are doing what.Are they doing what ?What are they doing ? 2 ) They wolf is going to kill that man.They wolf is going to do whatIs the wolf going to do what ?What is the wolf going to do ?(3) 如果句子的划线部分是定语,并且在谓语部分,这时,需将特殊疑问词和紧跟其后的名词一起提到句首。如:1) That is his pen.That is whose pen.Is that whose pen ? (3) Whose pen is that ?(4) 对定语划线部分提问题,如果划线部分是所属关系,特殊疑问词用whose ;如果划线部分指具体的一某一个II时特殊疑问词用which ;如果划线部 分指内容或职业时,特殊疑问词用what ;如果划线部分指数量时,特殊疑问词用how many (可数)或how much (不可数)。如:1 ) They are the legs of the desk.They are whose legs.Are they whose legs ?Whose legs are they ?2 ) I like red one.You like which oneDo you like which one ?Which one do you like ?3 ) They have five English books. They have how many English books.Do they have how many English books ? How manyEnglish books do they have ?(四)文化知识点:职业男女的称呼区别 actor-actress , salesmansaleswoman ,salesperson 男女售货员者B可以,mailmanmailperson (女)Unit 6 How do you feel ?(一)重点单词和短语angry 生气,afraid 害怕,sad 伤心,worried 担心,happy 快乐,see a doctor 看 医生,wear 穿,more 更多,deep 深,breath 口乎吸,take a deep breath 呼吸,count to ten数到十,popcorn爆米花,make制作,wait等,check检查planted种植的过去式,grow生长或成长, a little worried 有一点点担心,be angry with与。 生气,be afraidofo o o害怕。,do more exercise做更多的运动,wear warm clothes穿暖和的衣服,have some popcorn吃一些爆米花,chase the mice 追赶老鼠(二)重点句型分析1. They are afraid of him.此句中be afraid of意为“害怕某人”。例如:lam afraid of mymaths teacher.我害怕我的数学老师。2. The cat is angry with them.此句中 be angry with 意为”对某人生气”。 例如:I broken the cup. My mother is angry with me.我打碎了杯子。妈妈 对我很生气。3. What's wrong?此句用于询问对方有什么问题或有什么不顺心的事情,意为:怎么啦?出什 么 事了?例如:A: What's wrong, Jim?吉姆,你怎么啦?B: Maybe I am ill.也许我病了。4. He should see a doctor this morning.建议某人应该做某事的句型此句中should为情态动词,表示”应该,应当"。此句用来给别人提建议。例如:He should work harder.他应该更加努力。You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你母亲做家务。5. What are you doing?此句是现在进行时态的特殊疑问句,其基本结构为:疑问词+ be+主语+其他?例如:What is he doing now?回答:He is swimming.肯定句结构为:主语+be+动词-ing形式+其他,例如:We are running now.1. at表示在处“,一般指较小的比较具体的地点。比如He isn tat school.He is at home.他不在学校,他在家。2. in表示”在内部;在里面”的意思。如What is in the box?盒子里有什么?3. on表示”在某物的上面”,但两者互相接触。如My books are on that table.我 的书在那张桌子上。4. under表示"在某物垂直的正下方”,两者之间不接触。如My cat is under my chair.我的猫在我的椅子下。5. behind表示”在某物体的后面”。如The broom is behind the door.答帚在门 后。6. in front of表示”在的前面”,正好与behind相反。如There are some bigtrees in front of our classroom.我们教室前面有几棵大树。7. near表示”在某物体的附近”,意为”接近、靠近"。如The ball is near the door.球在门旁边。8. above表示在之上,高于,不是垂直的There are lots of apples abovemy head.我的头顶上有很多苹果。介词in, on, under, behind是表示静态位置的介词。1. along:沿着,顺着,Fm walking along the river.我正沿河而行。2. across:从一边至0 另一边,在那边 如 There are many trees across the river. 河对岸有很多树。3. towards:向,朝$0 Tm walking towards the house.我正朝房子走去。4. into:到里,进入内部I want to go into the house,我想走进房子。5. off:从脱落,从,,掉下 如 An apple falls off the tree and hits me on the head. 一个苹果从树上掉下砸到我的头上。Unit2 Ways to go to school%1. 词汇 traffic tools (交通工具):bike自行车,bus公共汽车,train火车,plane飞机, ship轮船,taxi出租车,ferry轮渡,sled雪橇,subway地铁(乘 坐某种交通工 具用by,但步行要用on foot)by乘坐,slow down慢下来,foot脚,stop停下来,how怎样,go to school上 学,far 远的,usually 通常,sometimes 有时候,traffic lights 交通灯,traffic rules 交通规则,stop停止,wait等待,mean意思是,driver司机,right右边,left左 边,must必须,know知道,over there那边%1. 重点句型1 .询问交通方式用疑问代词how(1) 一How do you go/come to school?你怎样去/来上学? go/come to school onfoot.我走路去/来上学。(2) 一How does your father go to work?你父亲怎样去上班? He goes to workby subway.他坐地铁去上班。2 .询问地点用疑问代词whereWhere is the nature park?自然公园在哪里? It, s near the post office.在邮 局旁 边。一 Where are the teachers?老师们在哪里? -They are in the teacher's office.他们在 办公室里。3 .问路How can I get to the Fuxing hospital?我怎么去福星医院? 一Take the No.57 busover there.在那边乘坐57路公交车。4 .交通规则Slow down and stop at a yellow light. Stop and wait at a red light. Go at a green light. Don't go at a red light.另 UI 闯红灯。In China , people drive on the right side.在中国,人们靠右行驶。In the UK,people drive on the left side.在英国,人们靠左行驶。5 .频度副词是表示做的次数多少的词语。从多到少依次排列为:always总是, usually通常,often经常,sometimes有时候,never从不。频度副词可以放在 句 首,也可以放在人称的后面。例如:Usually I go to school by bus.=I usually go to school by bus.6 . I must pay attention to the traffic lights 交通灯 traffic lights ,交通 规则 trafEc rules.这两个词后面都一定要加s,绝对不能少。因为交通灯有红黄绿 三盏,一 定是复数,交通规则不肯呢过只有一条,所以都一定要加s.7 . onfoot=walk,都是走路的意思,但是用法不同,on foot用在句子末尾,而 walk的用法与go相同,可以替代go的位置,例如:walk home走路回家, walk to school走路去上学,walk to work走路去上班,walk to hospital走路去医院8 . In the USA people on bikes must wear a helmet在美国骑自行车的人必须 戴头 盔。国家名缩写前面要加the,缩写字母都要大写。如the USA美国the UK英国Unit3 My weekend plan1 .重点单词和短语visit 拜访 film 电影 see a film 看电影 trip 旅游 take a trip 去旅游 supermarket, ® 市 evening 晚上,傍晚 tonight 在今晚 tomorrow 明天 next week T 周 dictionary 字典comic滑稽的comic book连环画册word book单词本postcard明信片learn 学习teach教disturb打扰without没有pool池子jump in跳进remember记住lesson课space太空travel (尤指长途)旅 游 half一半 price 价格 moon 月亮 make a snowman 堆雪人 share sth (事) with sb (人)和某人分享某物lots of= a lot of许多2 .重点句型分析(1) What are you going to do tomorrow? -r m going to have an art lesson. 此句是个一般将来时态的特殊疑问句。用了 be going to结构。"be going to +动 词原形”构成般将来时态,表示计划、安排将要做的事或根据目前推测将要 发生的动作,意为“打算,将要”。表示时间的单词:evening晚上,傍晚;tonight在今晚;tomorrow 明天;next week 下周;this morning 今天早晨;thisafternoon今天下午;this evening 今天晚上;this weekend 本周末动词短语原形:make a snowman堆雪人;take a trip去旅游;seeafilm 看电影;visit my grandparents 拜访祖父母;watch TV 看电视;learn how to swim学怎样游泳;go skating去滑冰;row a boat 划船;go fishing 去钓鱼;go skiing 去滑雪;goshopping 去购物;make mooncakes 做月饼;read a poem 读诗eg: P m going to make a snowman.我打算去堆雪人。 We're going fishing.我们 打算 去钓鱼。(2) We are going to draw some pictures in Renmin Park.此句是be going to结构的肯定句式。基本结构为:主语+ be going to +动词原 形 +表示将来的时间。Some 一些,用于肯定句中,后接可数名词的复数形式或 不 可数名词,而在疑问句或否定中表示些要用any。Where are you going?We,此句是where引导的一般将来时态的特殊疑问句,where意为“哪里”,它是对地点提问的特殊疑问词,因此回答时 要回答一个具体的地点。表示地点的词:school学校,park公园,cinema电影院,hospital 医院,post office 由 B 局,bus stop 公共汽车站,home 家, supermarket 超市,museum 博物馆,bookstore 书店,restaurant餐馆,bank银行ake湖,library图书馆,zoo动物园,park公园,garden 花园,hotel旅馆(4) 一When are you going?Next Monday.此句中when意为“什么时候,何时”,它引导的疑问句用来对年、月、日等 时间进行提问。如:一When do you go to school in the morning?At 8:00.(5) 一How can you learn to swim without going to a pool?此句是由how引导的特殊疑问句,询问别人做事的方式、方法。句中的can意 为“能够”,是情态动词,后面跟动词原形。“learn to do something,“学习做 某 件事,一般表示还没学或还没做的事情,含义将来的意思。Unit 4 I have a pen pal一.重点单词:pen pal 笔友,riding a bike (ride)骑自 行车,diving (dive)跳水,playing the violin (play)拉 2、提琴,collecting stamps(collect)集邮,making kites (make)做爪l筝,drawingpictures (draw)画画,painting (paint)画画,skating (skate)溜冰,hobby 爱 好, show 展览,live (lives) in Beijing 居住在北京,go (goes) to work 去上 班,go (goes) to bed 睡觉,go (goes) home 回家,teach (teaches) English 教英语,read (reads) newspapers 读报纸,watch (watches) TV 看电视 二.重点句子:1 .WhatJ s your hobby?你的爱好是什么?2.1 like collecting stamps.我喜欢集邮。3. He likes collecting stamps, too他也喜欢集邮。4. Does she teach English? Yes, she does./No, she doesrr t.她是教英语的吗?是的。不是。%1.语法点:1、动词变为动名词的规则:动词变为动名词,即是动词加ing。一般要遵循以下三条规则:(1) 一般情况下,在动词的后面直接加ing。如:play playingread 一reading do 一 doing go 一 going(2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,要去掉不发音的字母e,再加ingo 如:write writing, ride riding,make making,dance 一 dancing(3)以单元音加单辅音结尾的重读闭音节,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再 力口 ingo 如:run running, swim swimming,put putting, sit sitting2、记住like后面要加动词ing,说爱好有三种说法:I like swimming. ©Swimming is my hobby. My hobby is swimming.注 意:She likes drawing pictures, listening to musicand making kites.这几个爱好是并列的,都是在like后面,所以都要加ing.3、第48页是写自己或者笔友的作文模板4、第49页是写自己或者是其他人一天的作文模板,记住要用一般现在时O2、关于第三人称单数:动词变为第三人称单数形式的规则:(1) 在一个句子中,如果主语人称既不是你,也不是我,而是另外的 一个人,这时的人称叫做第三人称单数。(2) 在第三人称单词的句子中,动词要使用第三人称单词形式。(3) 动词变为第三人称单数形式,要遵循以下规则:一般情况下,在动 词的后面直接加So如:read-reads, make 一 makes ,write 一 writes以字母s, x, o , sh , ch 结尾的动词,在词尾加 eSo 如:do does, wash - washes, teach 一 teaches, go goes, pass passes以y结尾 的动词分为两个情况,以元音字母 加y结尾的动词,在词尾直接加s。如:play - plays , buy-buys以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,要把y变为i,再加es.$D: study-studies 以f,fe结尾的名词,先把f, fe变为v,再加.es.特殊变化:have-has (4)在一 个第三人称单数的句子中,只要句子中出现了 does或者其否定形式doesnU.该 句子中的其他动词就要使用原形。(5)第三人称单数的肯定句在变为否定句时,在动词的前面加doesn,t.动 词恢复原形。如:He lives in Beijing.-Hedoesn? t live in Beijing. (6)第三人称单数的陈述句在变为一般疑问句时,用 does开头,后面的动词也要变为原形。如:He lives in Beijing.- - Does he live in Beijing?注意:用来does,后面的动词就不能用第三人称形式。一般现在时(单三形式)构成法例词A. 一般动词在词尾加 s helphelps, make makesB. B.以 s, x , ch, sh,结尾的动词在词尾力口-es fix - fixes , teach - teaches , wash -washesC.以o结尾的动词在词尾加 es go - goes, do-doesD.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先y变为i,再加.es fly - flies, study -studies , carry - carriesE.不规则变化have-has3、注意几个单词的变化:hobby (复数形式)一 hobbies , have to (同义 词)一 must, same (反义词)一different,look the same看起来样名词复数的规则变化构成法例词A.在一般情况下,词尾加-s book 一 books , bed一bedsB.以s,x,ch, sh结尾的词,词尾加 es bus 一 buses, box 一 boxes, dish 一 dishes , watch-watchesC. 以f或fe结尾的词,先将f或fe改成v,再力口 es knife knives, wife wivesD.以。结尾的单词,有生命的物质加-es,无生命的物质加-stomato- tomatoes ,photo-photosE.以辅音字母加y结尾,先y将改i,再加上-es family 一families , city-cities4、几种时态的比较:一般现在时表示现在经常反复事,主语能力或特征。时间标志always, usually, often,sometimes, everyday, every week.是有儿变要十己 j 青, am、 is、 are共三种。现在进行时表示正在做某事,标志词nowo进行时,好记忆,be加动词 ingo变疑问,be提前,否定be后not添。be的形式如何变,lam, You are,统一 单数加is,复数加are一般将来时表示打算做某事,时间标志tomorrow, thenext day, this afternoon, this evening, next week (month, year*), in the year 2016o 将来时,好记忆,be going to力口动词原形。be的形式要记住,lam, You are,统一 单数加is,复数加are。还有一种表达法,动词will加原形。不久将 要发生事, 记住要用将来时。do型:单三 加s (es),其它一律用原形。have和has,表示有,一般主语为人,人称不可胡乱用。表示有II还有there be, be要随着主语定。5、city城市county国家或者乡村province省 %1. 重点知识:1 .爱好一定要加ing,同样的,当看到like或者likes的时候,后面的动词 一定要加ing,例如:我喜欢游泳:I like swimming.2 .当主语是he, she,it以及能用这三个词代替的所有的词我们叫做第三人称 单数,后面的动词要加 s,例如:I like diving. He likes diving. She likes diving. A 名一定是第三人称单数。3 . Does开头的问句回答只有两个,肯定回答:Yes, she/ he/ it does.否定回 答:No, she/he/it doesrf t.看到does,后面的动词一定要用 原形! !Unit 5 What does he do(-) 词汇四会 singer> writer> actor> actress> artist> TV reporter engineer> accountant 三 会 Hong Kong> company > factory > design > tip> help>money well> job> policeman> salespersoncleanerwork、where其他词:worker (工人)doctor (医生)student (学生)drive (司机、驾驶 员)enjoy (从获得乐趣)tourist (旅游者)way (路,道)motor cycle (摩 托车)police (警 察部门)nurse (护士)teacher (老师)(二)重点句型%1 询问职业一 What do you do ?/What are you ? 一 Ima student.一 What does he do ?/What is he ? 一 He is a/an. (a/an 的区别,跟元音发音有关)或-What is your father? -He's a doctor.%1 询问工作的地点 一 Where does your mother work? 一 She works in a hospital.(一般以一个表示地点的介宾短语来回答,介词加名词或代词)一 Where do you work 一 I work in a school.