Unit4 Natural DisastersPart 3 配套式作业-精读泛读二合一 -2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习精讲精练（人教版2019必修第一册）-解析版.docx

Book 1 Unit4Part 3配套式作业一一精读泛读二合一 （限时35分钟） 工.阅读理解 （2022台州高三调研）In 2018,1 wanted to do something to bring change for people in my community.l carried out research to understand the problems affecting them and found that climate change was the greatest threat. When I realised many people in the rural areas faced fatal impacts such as landslides,floods and droughts,! decided to stand up.Seeing climate change threaten the availability of food and water in my country was a wake-up call.We are focused and very clear with our demands.We are not afraid of holding governments and corporations accountable for the climate crisis because the science is clear. We will not give up because our future is at stake. We need to demand for climate action as our lives depend on it too,because we do.Farmers in Ontario stood up against a proposed mega quarry （采石场）in their land.They held festivals to draw attention, they spoke up against corporate mining which threatened their groundwater and soil, they mobilised many people to stop it and in 2012,Highland Company withdrew their plans.I hope to see the end of the fossil fuel industry, and we need renewable energy. We need sustainability in every sector through green building and clean transportation.! hope to see recovery of our ecosystems through planting more trees,having urban forests and protecting wildlife. Our existence depends on that of our ecosystems.I hope to see more recovery projects built in the most affected communities.There are many climate movements all over the world and most have social media ac-counts.Find a local group that you can work with to demand climate action. When people are united,they cannot be defeated.Earth is our home to protect.Everyone is needed.3 .be based on以为基础4 .schedule熟义:n.日程安排,工作计划生义:v.安排5 .entertaining/ente'temnadj.使人愉快的6 .be focused on 集中精力于in.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。过去的几百年间，地球上的许多地方仍有科学 家未解之谜。而对于复活岛和史前巨石柱而言，在没有大型起重搬运设备的时期, 如何搬运巨石是科学家的疑问。1 .have puzzled/have been puzzling【考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知, 空处作谓语，句中有in the past centuries,此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影 响，或者动作从过去持续到现在而且还可能继续下去，因此应该使用现在完成时 或现在完成进行时。先行词places为复数，故谓语应用复数形式。】2 .which【考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先 行词为these structures,且空处在从句中作主语，因此使用which。3 .height【考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词in的宾语，因此应使 用名词形式。】4 .in【考查介词。be arranged in two circles意为"被安排成两个圈”，in在此处用 来显示某物的形式、形状。】5 .weighing【考查非调语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中有完整的句子成分，故 空处考查非谓语动词，each是weigh动作的发出者，因此应使用weighing,构成 独立主格结构。】6 .known【考查非谓语动词。分析句意及句子结构可知，此处考查过去分词作the outer circle的后置定语,表示“被称作"。17 .currently【考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语，应用副词，因 此填 currentlyo 8 .the【考杳冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示特指，the island指代上文提及 的 Easter Islando 9 .locations【考查名词的数。空处被形容词different修饰，因此空处使用名词复 数形式。】10.were transported【考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应该 填谓语，且与主语stones为被动关系，整句叙述的是过去发生的事件，因此使 用一般过去时的被动语态。主语the enormous stones为复数，故谓语动词应该 用复数形式。】1 . Why did the author take immediate action?A.He wanted to change people in his community.B.He reminded people of valuing food and water.C.He was aware of the danger of the climate change.D.He was interested in the problems in the rural areas.2 .What does the underlined worcTmobilised" in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Forced.B.Forbade.C.Warned.D.Organized.3 .What can we infer from the third paragraphA.Renewable energy has replaced the fossilfuel.B.More recovery projects have been built in many communities.C.The fossil fuel industry does harm to our ecosystems.D.The fossil fuel industry doesn't account for our existence.4 .What is the purpose of this text?A.To appeal to people to unite to protect environment.B.To clarify the author's contribution for the community.C.To recommend us a new kind of renewable energy.D.To show the importance of banning the fossil fuel industry.B（2022昆明市“三诊一模高考模拟）Bangladesh's floating gardens,built to grow food during flood seasons,could offer a continuous solution for parts of the world which are likely to suffer from flooding be-cause of climate change,a new study has found.Bangladesh's floating gardens began hundreds of years ago.The gardens are made from native plants that float in the rivers and operate almost like rafts （筏）， rising and falling with the waters. Historically, they were used to continue growing food during rainy seasons when rivers were filled with water.The farmers layer the plants about three feet deep,creating a version of raised-bed gar-dens that float in the water.Then, they plant vegetables inside those rafts.As the raft-plants rot away, they release nutrients, which help feed the vegetable plants.But as climate change affected the volume of water in those rivers,the researchers wan-ted to understand whether Bangladesh's floating gardens could be a continuous farming practice. They interviewed farming families and found strong evidence that floating gar-dens provide stability, both in the amount of food available to feed rural populations and in a farming family's income.They found that farmers typically use hybrid （杂交植物）seeds, which must be repurchased each year, to grow a diverse range of vegetables in the floating gardens.The gardens are also sensitive to pests,so farmers end up spending some money on both pesticides and fertilizers.But even with those expenses,they found, benefits outweighed costs. One farmer told the research team that he earns up to four times as much money from the gardens as from traditional rice fields.However,before gaining profits,farmers often take out high-interest loans （贷款） to cover the investment costs of filling the beds and stocking them with plants.Luckily,there are also lower-interest loans from responsible government or non-governmental organizations,which could ease that burden.5 .How do vegetable plants grow according to the text?A.By absorbing nutrition from raft-plants. B.By taking shelter from climate change. C.By living together with hybrid seeds. D.By moving up and down with raised beds.6 .What might be a reply from farming families interviewed?A.Our life becomes tough when rivers flood.”B/'Fewer vegetables are planted when water rises."C.We harvest much more food during rainy seasons/ D.XIimate change has little influence on our income.7 . What does the underlined word "outweighed" in paragraph 5 mean?0.Equaled.A. Affected.B.Brought.C.Beat.8 . What can be inferred from the text?A.A solution to climate problems has been found. B.The gardens are built with rotted native plants. C.Farmers earn more from traditional rice fields. D.Low-interest loans lighten the stress of farmers, n.完形填空（2022宁波高三调研）While looking for a job in Denmark,Alberto found his spare time activities an advantage.In his spare time,Alberto was pleasantly 1 to find a lot of outdoorfacilities in Denmark.2 moving there,he had thought that because of the3 Jocals would probably 4 spending time indoors.zzl like to _5_ lifeoutdoors with friends:walking in the forest,playing sports and swimming.We even6 a camping trip to the beach/7Alberto also enjoys 7 training in spare time.8,he is more thanwilling to help others in the gym,"Making 9 and helping friends have taughtme how to 10 and understand the 11 of a person, which helpsme when I'm dealing with people or anywhere where empathy （共鸣）and attention are 12. I have also learned to become more 13,since I haveto observe and then change or 14_ the plan based on their 15.Finally,!have also learned how to be a better 16.I had to design the schedules in afun and entertaining way to 17 people."Alberto found these experiences helpful in 18."Nowadays,companiesare not so focused on certain 19,but more interest-ed in getting to knowthe person behind the CV （简历）.Spare time activities serve as a means for the company to get a better 20 of employees.11B.anxiousB.UponB.weatherB.continueB.expectB.neededB.militaryB.HopefullyB.plansB.proveB.imaginationsB.strangeB.organizedB.recommendB.movementB.leaderB.interestB.truth-seekingB.opinionsB.halfC.surprisedC.WithoutC.trafficC.resistC.discussC.didC.professionalC.ThereforeC.changesC.followC.needsC.urgentC.excitedC.adaptC.impressionC.sportsmanC.amuseC.job-huntingC.personalitiesC.pictureD.annoyedD.ForD.passionD.prefer 0.appreciateD.chose0.academic0.Moreover0.decisionsD.detect0.abilitiesD.necessaryD.mercifulD.make0.position 0.salesmanD.encourage0.surviving0.weaknessesD.future田.语法填空(2022杭州四校高三联考)There are places on earth that 1.(puzzle)scientists in the past centuries and have been the subject of much discussion around the world.Two of the most fascinating places are Easter Island and Stonehenge.Lying in the South Pacific,Easter Island is one of the most isolated places on earth and is famous for the large stone monoliths (独块巨石)that line its coast. Shaped like human heads, these structures,2.were carved by ancient people,range in 3.(high)from about 5 to 22 meters.Today,about 600 stones remain. On the opposite side of the world stands Stonehenge.This ancient English site is a collection of large stones arranged 4.two circles,one inside the other.AI-though only ruins of the original formation exist today,archaeologists believe that the inner circle of bluestones,each 5.(weigh) about 4 tons, was built first.The giant stones that form the outer circle,6. (know) as sarsen (砂岩原砾) stones,weigh as much as 50 tons each!Scientists 7.(current)believe that early Polynesian residents carved 8.island's monolithsbelieved to be some symbolsfrom volcanicrock,and then pulled them to their different 9. (location).And the enormous stones at Stonehenge 10.(transport) from places around the country. Scientists consider this a remarkable achievement,for heavy lifting equipment used in modern construction was not available at that time.I .【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者看到气候变化带来的 威胁后，决定采取措施并呼吁人们团结起来保护地球。1 . C【推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可推知，作者立即采取行动是因为他 意识到了气候变化的危险。】2 .D【词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的"They held festivals to draw attention,they spoke up against corporate mining which threatened their groundwater and soil"以及"many people to stop it"可知，他们动员了许多人来阻止 采矿。由此可推知，mobilised应意为"动员，组织”，与D项意思相近。】3 .C【推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第一句可推知，化石燃料工业对我们的生 态系统会造成破坏。】4 .A【推理判断题。通读全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁 人们团结起来保护地球。】【词汇积累】1. carry out research 开展研究2. availability n.有效性，实用性3. accountable adj,负有责任的4. withdraw their plan撤回他们的计划5. renewable adj.可再生的6. sustainability/sesteme'blleti/n .持续性【语篇解读】本文是说明文。孟加拉国的"漂浮菜园"为世界上因气候变化而易 发生洪水的地区提供可持续的解决方案。文中详细介绍了农民如何制作有机植床、 如何在植床上种植、这种种植方式的优点等。5 .A【细节理解题。根据第三段中的"As the raft-plants rot away, they release nutrients, which help feed the vegetable plants.可知,当有机植物筏子腐烂时，它 们会释放营养，这些营养就为菜秧提供了养分，故菜秧是通过吸收植物筏子的营 养生长的。】6 .D【推理判断题。根据第四段可知，漂浮菜园在保证农村人口的食物量和农民 家庭的收入方面都具有稳定性。故被采访的农民家庭的回答可能是D项"气候变 化对我们的收入几乎没影响7 .C【词句猜测题。根据第五段中的"But even with those expenses, they found, benefits outweighed costs”可知，即使在有那些开支的情况下，收益还是"超出" 成本。A项意为"影响；B项意为"带来；C项意为"胜过；D项意为"等于。8 .D 【推理判断题。根据第六段尾句"Luckily, there are also lower-interest loans from responsible government. that burden”可知，低息贷款减轻了农民的压力。】 【词汇积累】1.1 ayer vt .把分层堆放2 .rot away 腐烂3 .practice熟义：n.练习生义：n.通常的做法；惯例4.sensitive adj.敏感的 5.interest熟义:n.兴趣生义:n.利息6.cover熟义:v.覆盖生义:v.足够支付 口.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。在丹麦找工作时，阿尔贝托发现他的业余活动 是一个优势。本文中阿尔贝托描述了他的业余活动如何为他找工作带来了优势。1 .C根据该段下文中的"he had thought.spending time indoors”可知，丹麦当地 人可能会更喜欢室内活动；结合该句中的"find a lot of outdoor facilities inDenmark可以判断，当发现丹麦有许多室外设施时，阿尔贝托感到很惊讶，C项 意为"惊讶的"。12 .A根据该句中的"he had thought"可知，该句使用了过去完成时，结合语境可 以判断，此处表示在阿尔贝托迁到丹麦之前。】3 .B根据该句中的"spending time indoors"可知，丹麦人可能更喜欢待在室内； 由于丹麦的天气原因，丹麦人无法经常到室外活动，故喜欢待在室内。】4 .D根据该句中的"locals would probably"可知，由于丹麦的天气原因，丹麦人 无法经常到室外活动，故可能更喜欢待在室内。D项意为"更喜欢"。5 .A根据该句中的"walking in the forest, playing sports and swimming”可知,阿 尔贝托喜欢和朋友们一起享受户外活动：在森林里散步、运动和游泳。A项意为 "享受的乐趣。6 .C根据该句中的"a camping trip to the beach"并结合上句内容可知，阿尔贝托 甚至还去海滩进行了野营旅行。】7 .A 【根据下句中的"he is more than willing to help oth-ers in the gym”可知,阿尔 贝托很乐意帮助在体育馆的人；据此可以判断，阿尔贝托喜欢在业余时间进行健 身训练。fitness training意为"健身训练"，故A项正确。】8 .D根据上句可知，阿尔贝托喜欢在业余时间进行健身训练；根据该句中的“he is more than willing to help others in the gym/,n*n,此外，他还很乐意帮助在体育 馆的人。据此可知，两句间为递进关系，故用Moreover。9 .B【健身训练需要做计划，阿尔贝托从作计划和帮朋友中获益良多。B项意为“计 划。110 .D 根据该句中的"which helps me when I'm dealing with people”可知,这在他 与人打交道时帮助了他；结合该句中的"understand”可以判断，作计划和帮助朋 友教会了他如何发现和理解一个人的需求。D项意为"发现。11 .C根据该句中的"which helps me when I'm dealing with people”可知，这帮助 阿尔贝托与人打交道；该处指作计划和帮助朋友教会了他如何发现和理解一个人 的需求。】12 .D【根据语境可知，在与人打交道的过程中，共鸣和关注是必要的。D项意 为"必要的。13 .B根据该句中的"since I have to observe and then change"和"the plan”可知, 阿尔贝托不得不观察并改变计划，据此可以判断，他要更有效地组织人们运动。 organized意为“有效率的,有条理的。14 .C 根据该句中的"I have to observe and then change or"和"the plan”可知,阿 尔贝托不得不观察并改变计划，据此可以判断，此处表示改变或修改计划。C项 意为"使适应，使适合（新用途、新情况）115 .A1根据语境可知，阿尔贝托 需要根据人们的反应改变计划。A项意为"反应16 .D 根据该句中的"I had to design the schedules in a fun and entertaining way" 可知，阿尔贝托必须以一种有趣且使人愉快的方式来设计日程安排；结合选项可 知，此处表示他已经学会如何成为更好的销售员。】17 .B根据该句中的"in a fun and entertaining way"可推知，阿尔贝托此举的目的 是让人们感兴趣。B项意为“使感兴趣。18 .C【根据本文首句中的"While looking for a job in Denmark"并结合该句中的 "Alberto found these experiences helpful in”和下文中的 companies 可知，阿尔贝 托发现这些经历在他寻找工作的过程中是有用的。】19 .A 根据该句中的,'but more interested in getting to know the person behind the CV （简历）"可知，公司更感兴趣的是个人简历背后的故事，据此可以判断，公 司如今对个人的某些技能并不那么关注，A项意为“技能。20 .C根据上句可知，公司更感兴趣的是个人简历背后的故事；据此可以判断， 业余活动是公司更好地了解员工的一种手段。picture意为"印象，头脑中的情景； 描述。1【词汇积累】1. because of 由于；因为2. deal with处理；应付