浙江省台州市20222023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

浙江省台州市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳K答 案几ASummer programs are a great way to enrich your time between academic years. For students who are interested in visual arts, there are many options for you to pursue your passion while suiTounded by other talented artists.City Art LabCity Art Lab is a free arts program for NYC high schoolers at City College of New York（CCNY）. Graduate students of art education and local youth cooperate on community-based art projects. It offers a chance to explore new materials, develop artwork, and learn about college life. Each session concludes with an art exhibition from the participants.Student Gallery Guides at The Getty MuseumThe Student Gallery Guide program is a paid summer internship（实习）opportunity for teens interested in learning the fundamentals of museum education. It serves as a valuable platform for high school students to not only develop public speaking and facilitation skills but also to explore their passion for the arts.Academy of Art University Pre-College Art ExperienceThe Pre-College Art Experience（PCAE） is a free education program for high schoolers to learn courses about fashion, animation, game design, fine art, and more. Available in-person or online, it provides a head start in collegelevel art education. Passing a course also earns students $1, 000 towards undergraduate tuition at the university.UCLA Acting and Performance InstituteThis UCLA program is designed to immerse students in the world of high-level performing arts. For three weeks, students learn about performance training, movement techniques, and writing, while working on a showcase performance put on at the end of the program. The cost of the program depends on the chosen course load and may vary accordingly.A. Potential benefits of the research findings.B. Supporting evidence for the research results.C. A further explanation of the research methods.D. Certain concerns about the research application.K答案X 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述新的技术将捕获的二氧化碳通过加入海水变成 小苏打。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Consequently, current DAC plants are expensive to operate, with the cost of pulling a tonne of CO2 from the air amounting to hundreds of US dollars.（因此, 目前 的DAC工厂运营成本高昂，从空气中提取一吨二氧化碳的成本高达数百美元。厂可知，目 前的直接空气捕获（DAC）行业的问题是工厂运营成本高昂。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题 o 根据第三段"Arup SenGupta at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and his colleagues have developed a new absorbent material called a sorbent, capable of pulling more CO? from the air than current materials, thus boosting the effectiveness of DAC by two to three times. "This material can be produced at very high capacity rapidly, “says SenGupta. "That definitely should make the process more cost-effective."（宾夕法尼亚州伯利恒利I哈伊大学的 Arup SenGupta和他的同事开发了一种新的吸收材料，称为吸附剂，能够从空气中吸收比目 前材料更多的二氧化碳，从而将DAC的有效性提高了两到三倍。SenGupta说：“这种材料 可以以非常高的产能快速生产。这肯定会使这一过程更具成本效益。可知，新材料吸附剂 可以提高效率，是二氧化碳捕获方面的一个突破。故选D。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段"SenGupta suggests that releasing baking soda into the ocean wouldn't harm the environment; in fact, with a high PH level, the baking soda may help reverse ocean acid imbalance caused by CO2 that is mixed with the ocean water. Eventually, DAC plants using this sorbent could be installed offshore, enabling countries without the potential for underground carbon storage to remove carbon from the atmosphere. （SenGupta 认为， 将小苏打释 放到海洋中不会危害环境；事实上，在高PH值的情况下，小苏打可能有助于reverse二氧 化碳与海水混合造成的海洋酸失衡。最终，使用这种吸附剂的DAC工厂可以安装在海上, 使没有地下碳储存潜力的国家能够从大气中去除碳。厂可知，这里是描述有了小苏打的帮助, 会改变二氧化碳与海水混合造成的海洋酸失衡。所以reverse的意思应该是“改变”，和选项 A意思一致。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Stuart Haszeldine at the University of Edinburgh praises the proposal as "elegant and clever chemistry" given the deep ocean's huge capacity. Still, it remains uncertain whether energy companies are willing to invest in the expansion of the global market. Additionally, there may be legal barriers to releasing the baking soda, potentially classified as industrial waste, into the ocean.（爱丁堡大学的斯图尔特哈泽尔丁（Stuart Haszeldine）称赞这 项提议是“优雅而巧妙的化学反应”，因为深海的容量巨大。尽管如此，能源公司是否愿意投 资扩大全球市场仍不确定。此外，将可能被归类为工业废物的小苏打释放到海洋中可能存在 法律障碍。广可知，这一段主要介绍了对研究应用的一些担忧。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。IT'S IMPORTANT TO KEEP your kit accessible because you never know when you'll need it. In fact, statistics indicate that more medically reported injuries happen at home than in public places, at the work place and on the road combined. To ensure you are adequately prepared for any emergency, here are the essential basics. Buy the Right ContainerYour first-aid items should be kept in a waterproof bag or an airtight container with clear sections that allow you to quickly see what's inside. 16 A good quality ready-made first-aid kit should have most, if not all, of the things we've suggested. Look fbr one created by a trustworthy organization, then buy any missing items separately. 17It's essential to regularly review and refill your first-aid kit contents to ensure that it is adequately stocked and all supplies are in good condition. Check the expiration（过期）dates of all medications and promptly replace any that have expired. 18. Restock items like cleandressings, bandages, and other essential items, so your first-aid kit remains fully equipped and prepared to provide immediate assistance when needed. Get Some TrainingThere9s no better way to prepare yourself for emergencies than by taking a course. 19.They also publish brochures, some in pocket size that you can keep in your kit. These guides can lead you through a range of situations-from panic attacks to spinal injurieswith pictograms. Know When to Get Help20. If a wound is large or deep, or doesn't stop bleeding after 10 minutes of pressure,call 911 or head to the nearest hospital emergency room. Also seek help if you or someone else has trouble breathing, or experiences sudden or severe pain or any other potential medical emergency.A. Check Expiration DatesB. Keep Your Kit Up-to-DateC. Any cut longer than 1 inch will need stitches.D. Consider engaging in practical training for better emergency skills.E. Organizations like the RedCross offer weekend basic first aid certifications.F. Also, make sure that you have enough supplies for any potential emergencies.G. That way you won't have to dig around or dump things out of the kit to find what you need.K 答案U 16.G17. B 18. F 19. E 20. C【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一些基本注意事项和做法，为了确保在任何紧急 情况都有充分的准备。【16题详析】根据上文“Your first-aid items should be kept in a waterproof bag or an airtight container with clear sections that allow you to quickly see whafs inside.（你的急救物品应该放在防水袋或密封 容器中，容器上有清晰的部分，可以让你快速看到里面的东西。户可知，这里建议装急救物 品的防水袋或密封容器中，容器上有清晰的部分，可以让你快速看到里面的东西。选项G“这 样，你就不必四处挖掘或从工具包里扔掉东西来找到你需要的东西。”和上文意思一致。故 选Go【17题详析】根据下文"It's essential to regularly review and refill your first-aid kit contents to ensure that it is adequately stocked and all supplies are in good condition. Check the expiration（过期）dates of all medications and promptly replace any that have expired.（定期检查并补充急救箱内容至关重 要，以确保急救箱库存充足，所有用品状况良好。检查所有药物的有效期，并及时更换任何 过期的药物。厂可知，这一段建议人们要保障急救箱的东西要是最新的。选项B“让你的装备 保持最新”和下文意思一致。故选B。【18题详析】根据下文“Restock items like clean dressings, bandages, and other essential items, so your first-aid kit remains fully equipped and prepared to provide immediate assistance when needed.（重 新存放干净的敷料、绷带和其他必需品，这样你的急救箱就可以在需要时提供充分的装备和 准备。厂可知，这里建议人们急救箱里要有充分的装备和准备。选项F，此外，确保你有足够 的物资应付任何潜在的紧急情况。”和下文意思一致。故选F。【19题详析】根据上文“There's no better way to prepare yourself fbr emergencies than by taking a course. （没有比参加一门课程更好的方法来为紧急情况做好准备了。户可知，这一段建议人们参加一 些急救训练。选项E“像红十字会这样的组织提供周末基本急救认证。”和上文意思一致。故 选E。【20题详析】根据下文“If a wound is large or deep, or doesn't stop bleeding after 10 minutes of pressure, call 911 or head to the nearest hospital emergency room.（如果伤 口 很大或很深,或者在按压 10 分钟后仍未止血，请拨打911或前往最近的医院急诊室。厂可知，这里提到对伤口的处理。 选项C“任何超过1英寸的伤口都需要缝合。”和下文意思一致。故选C。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。I grew up in a large family of twelve siblings. We weren't poor, but there were times when we couldn't 21 certain things my friends had.Back in those days, hot lunch was a 22. And usually hot-lunch buyers and the studentswho brought cold lunch sat 23. My siblings and I brought lunch from home every day: thickslices of homemade bread. We would 24 longingly as the rich kids proudly sat down with their 25 food like chicken fricassee.I never said anything, but my teacher Mrs. Caruso, must have seen the 26 in my eyes. One day she 27 pressed a note into my hand and whispered, "Give this to your mother.”I skipped home and handed my mom the note. She read it and smiled "Well, Mrs. Caruso said because of all your hard work, she wants to 28 your lunch tomorrow. The next day, I proudly carried my tray of chicken fricassee and 29 with the students at the hot-lunch table.30、the food wasn't as great as I had imagined, but I was 3。to be a part of the group.I don't know why Mrs. Caruso 32 me. Maybe she also grew up in a family that33 to make ends meet. Maybe she knew what it was like to feel just a little less than everyone else. Somehow, with her 34、she never made me feel ashamed. She just mademe feel loved and 35. Thanks to her, I learned that I had just as much right as anyone tosit at the hot lunch table.21. A. provideB. use22. A. necessityB. requirement23. A. silentlyC. separately24. A. look onC. look down25. A. freezingC. delicious26. A. anxietyC. eagerness27. A. nervouslyC. urgently28. A. buyC. bring29. A. tradedC. chatted30. A. AbsolutelyC. Honestly31. A. pleasedC. stressedC. findD. affordC. luxuryD. demandB. comfortablyD. awkwardlyB. look outD. look overB. steamingD. expensiveB. curiosityD. sympathyB. quietlyD. hesitantlyB.cookD.serveB. jokedD. satB. AmazinglyD. OccasionallyB. relievedD. embarrassed32. A. taughtC. comforted33. A. attempted34. A. company35. A. inspiredK答案H 21. D29. D 30. C 31. AB. struggledB. attentionB. welcomed22. C 23. C32. B 33. BB. helpedD. encouragedC. managedC. presenceC. important24. A 25. B 26. C34. D 35. CD. soughtD. kindnessD. hopeful27. B 28. A【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过讲述卡鲁索夫人帮助作者买饭的善良行为让 作者感受到了被爱和重要性。21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们并不穷，但有时我们买不起朋友们的某些东西。A. provide 提供；B. use 使用；C. find 发现；D. afford 买得起。根据上文“I grew up in a large family of twelve siblings.”可知，因为作者家里又十二个兄弟姐妹，所以虽然不穷，但有些东西还是买 不起的。故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那些日子里，热午餐是一种奢侈。A. necessity必须；B. requirement 要求；C. luxury 奢侈品；D. demand 要求。根据下文“My siblings and I brought lunch from home every day: thick slices of homemade bread.”可知，作者和兄弟姐妹每天从家里 带来厚厚的自制面包片作为午餐，所以吃热饭对他们来说是奢侈的。故选C。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，热午餐的购买者和带来冷午餐的学生分开坐着。A. silently 沉默地；B. comfortably 舒服地；C. separately 分别地；D. awkwardly 尴尬地。根据上 文“usually hot-lunch buyers and the students who brought cold lunch”可知，这应该是买热午餐 的和带来冷午餐的学生没有坐在一起。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们会热切地看着富有的孩子们自豪地坐下来，吃着他们热 气腾腾的食物,比如鸡肉。A. look on看；B. look out小心；C. look down往下看；D. look over 查看。 根据上文“My siblings and I brought lunch from home every day: thick slices of homemade bread?可知，作者和兄弟姐妹每天从家里带来厚厚的自制面包片作为午餐，所以 他们应该是羡慕地看着其他同学吃热饭。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第4题详 析。A. freezing冰冷的；B. steaming热气腾腾的；C. delicious 美味的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根据上文"And usually hot-lunch buyers and the students who brought cold lunch sat."和“the rich kids”可知,富有的孩子们应该是吃 的热气腾腾的食物。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我什么也没说，但我的老师卡鲁索夫人一定看到了我眼中的 热切。A. anxiety紧张;B. curiosity好奇心;C.eagerness急切;D. sympathy怜悯。根据上文 "We wouldlongingly”可知，当富有的孩子们自豪地坐下来，吃着他们热气腾腾的食物时，作者他们会热切地看着，所以眼神中应该是热切的。故选C。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她悄悄地把一张纸条压在我手里，低声说：“把这 个给你妈妈。"A. nervously紧张地；B.quietly悄悄地；C. urgently急切地；D. hesitantly犹豫 地。根据下文“whispered”可知，卡鲁索夫人应该是悄悄地把一张纸条压在作者手里。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她读了一遍，笑着说：“好吧，卡鲁索夫人说，由于你的辛 勤工作，她想明天给你买午餐。"A. buy购买；B. cook做饭；C. bring带来；D.serve服务。 根据下文“The next day, I proudly carried my tray of chicken fricassee and with the studentsat the hot-kmch table.”可知，鲁索夫人给作者买了热的午餐。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我自豪地端着我的一盘鸡肉卷，和学生们坐在热腾 腾的午餐桌旁。A. traded交易；B. joked开玩笑；C. chatted聊天；D. sat坐。根据上文“the rich kids proudly sat down with their food like chicken fricassee.”可知，富有的孩子端着热饭是坐着吃的，所以当作者也有热饭的时候，他自豪地端着饭，和学生们坐在热腾腾的午 餐桌旁。故选D。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：老实说，食物没有我想象的那么美味，但我很高兴能成为团 队的一员。A. Absolutely 绝对；B. Amazingly 令人吃惊地；C. Honestly 诚实地；D. Occasionally 偶尔地。根据下文“the food wasn't as great as I had imagined”可知，说实话，热饭并没有作者 想象的那么美味。故选C。31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详 析。A. pleased高兴的；B. relieved放心的； C. stressed 要压力的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据下文“Thanks to her, I learned that I had just as much right as anyone to sit at the hot lunch table."可知，作者因为能够和富有的孩子们一起 坐下来吃着热饭而感到很高兴。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么卡鲁索夫人帮助我。A. taught教；B. helped 帮助；C. comforted 安慰；D. encouraged 鼓励。根据上文“Well, Mrs. Caruso said because of all your hard work, she wants to your lunch tomorrow.”可知，卡鲁索夫人帮助了作者。故选B。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许她也是在一个入不敷出的家庭长大的。A. attempted试 图；B. struggled挣扎；C.managed尽力;D. sought寻求。根据上文“also”可知,作者认为卡 鲁索夫人和他一样但是在生活艰苦的家庭长大的。故选Bo【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，她的善良从未让我感到羞愧。A. company公 司；B. attention 意图；C. presence 出现；D. kindness 善良。根据上文“Well, Mrs. Caruso said because of all your hard work, she wants to your lunch tomorrow.”可知,这里指卡鲁索夫人帮助作者买饭的善良行为。故选D。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她只是让我感到被爱和重要。A. inspired受鼓舞的；B. welcomed欢迎的;C. important重要的；D. hopeful满怀希望的。根据下文“Thanks to her, I learned that I had just as much right as anyone to sit at the hot lunch table.“可知， 卡鲁索夫人帮 助作者买饭的善良行为让作者感受到了被爱和重要性。故选Co第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was a life goal of mine to explore every province in China, so when I had the opportunity to visit Henan, I quickly packed my bags, bought a train ticket, and raced 36 (see) an icon of Chinese culture, the Longmen Grottoes.Built from 386-1130 and carved into the sides of two limestone cliffs, the Longmen Grottoeshouse a remarkable37 (collect) of 100,000 ancient and marvelous Buddhist statues. Walkingamong these 38(impress) statues, I couldn't help but feel a deep sense of insignificance, notonly39 (physical), but in a deeper sense. As the large, wise faces of the statues,40(wear) by centuries of time, gazed down upon me, I experienced a humbling moment41 invited me to look beyond my own ego and engage in sincere reflection.As I explored the grottoes, 42 sad reality struck me: a significant number of statues had suffered damage or were missing. 43 some degree of wear and tear was expected, certain areas were noticeably absent. I sincerely hope that they can 44 (restore) to their former glory.Until then, the statues still stand, countless and resolute, with their missing fellow statues serving 45 a reminder of the enduring spirit of Chinese culture.K 答 案 H 36. to see 37. collection 38. impressive 39. physically 40. worn 41. that#which42. a 43. While#Although#Though 44. be restored 45. as【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。