新目标八年级英语Unit.docx

新目标八年级英语Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected 讲义announcementdiscovery > (v.) discoverbelievable > (v.) believe disappear 一(反义词)appear26. hundreds/thousands of成百上千的/成千上万的27. run out of 用光28. on April Fool's Day在愚人节前天29. all night 整夜30. stay up 熬夜31. play tricks on 捉弄32. lose weight 减肥33. end up最后成为；最后处于34. run away逃出；逃走35. rather than 而不是3. do sth. as + adj. + as one can 做某事尽可能地一、 词性转换Section A1. unexpected > (反 义词 expected2. disbelief 一 (反义词)belief3. burn > (adj.) burning二、短语归纳1. by the time到的时候2. wake up 醒来3. give sb. a lift 捎(某人)一 程4. even though 即使；尽管5. in disbelief难以置信地6. think to oneself 暗自想7. turn into 变成8. stare at盯着看9. show up到场；露面10. jump out of bed从床上跳下11. in line with (与.)成一排12. go off发出响声13. put on 穿上三、句型集萃1. do sth. in disbelief不信士也2. feel lucky to 感到幸运四、重点句子4. alive > (v.) live)Section B7.5. embarrassed/embarrassing > 8.(v.) embarrass9.6. announce 一 (n.)14. be about to do sth.正要做某事15. wait in line 排队等候16. take off 起飞17. hear about 听说18. by the end of到末为止19. the day before 前一天20. costume party 化妆舞会21. get dressed 穿好衣服22. take place 发生23. play jokes on 开玩笑24. take off(飞机等)起飞；匆忙离开25. get married 结婚了1. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.至ij我起床时，我哥哥已经在洗澡了。by the time意为”到时为止”，后接一般过去时的句子来修饰time,主句常用过去完 成时态。By the time you called me, I had left the company.你给我打电话的时，我已经离开了公 司。拓展by的其他用法by与其他时间连用表示"不迟；到为止”。若by+现在时间，主句用现在完成时；by+ 过去时间，主句用过去完成时；by+将来时间，主句用将来完成时，常用一般将来时代 替。Perhaps she has reached Beijing by now.或许现在她已经至U了北京。By last Friday, he had finished the work.到上周五为止，他已经完成了工作。We w川get there by 8 tomorrow morning.到明天早上8点钟我们就到那儿了。WhatAnneby the time she was ten?A. did, doB. did, didC. has, doneD. had, done2. Luckily, CarPs dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸在街上看见了我，并用他的车捎了我一程。1 luckily adv.幸运地；好运地 同义词fortunately unluckily adv.不幸土也同义词 unfortunatelylucky adj.幸运的 luck n.运气，好运luckless adj.不幸的；失败的2 give sb. a lift 捎某人一程(=give sb. a ride) When he saw us, he gave us a lift/ride.当他看见我们的时候，他让我们搭了便车。Sometimes, it5s dangerous to give strangers a lift.有时给陌生人搭便车很危险。拓展give 后接双宾语(give sb. sth. /give sth. to sb.)give sb. a hand 帮忙give sb. advice给某人提建议give sb. a lesson 给某人上课give sb. a party为某人举办晚会give sb. a hug紧紧拥抱某人give sb. a call/ring给某人打电话give sb. a chance给某人一次机会give sb. trouble给某人添麻烦give sb. a talk给某人做报告give it a pull 拉它一把give it a push 推它一下首字母填空：L, I could get two tickets to the show.(答案：Luckily)After she walked a long way, Betty was very tired, so she stopped a truck and asked the driver to give her a.A. truckB. liftC. callD. car3. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.我正要上去的时候，决定 先买杯咖啡。1句型“be about to do sth. when.”表示“刚要做某事，这时后者发生”，when并列连词，意为“就在那时候"(=and then)。I was about to go to bed when he called me up.我正要上床睡觉的时候，他打电话来了。拓展when作并列连词的其他句型had done.when.前者刚做完这时后者发生was/were doing .when.前者正在做这时后者发生He had finished his homework when the boss gave him a new task.他刚把工作做完的 时候，老板又给他新的任务。The old man was fishing when it began to rain heavily.这个老人正在钓鱼时,开始下 大雨。2 be about to do sth.意为“正要/将要做”，表将来，不与具体的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow 等。The sun is about to sink in the west.太阳正要西下。拓展表示“将来”的表达方式be going to do表示打算去做或可能发生的事情。will do/shall do （第一人称）表示客观上将要发生的动作。be to do表示计划、安排好的将来或注定要发生的事。come, go, leave等表示位置移动的词用现在进行时表将来。The young lady was about to go out someone rang the bell.A. whileB. whenC. asD. since我刚才正要问你同一件事情。I was just you the same thing.（答案:about to ask）4. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我 们吃惊地盯着从燃烧的建筑上方升起的浓烟。1 stare v.盯着看；凝视stare at盯着看The man stared me up and down.那人上下打量着我。The policeman stared at me suspiciously.那个警察用怀疑的眼光盯着我看。2 disbelief n.不信；怀疑 反义词belief信仰；信念 in disbelief怀疑地；不信地（作方式状语）类似表达：in surprise吃惊地 in disappointment失望地 in excitement 兴奋地 in embarrassment 困窘地 in despair 绝望地 in astonishment 惊讶地3 above adv.在上面；向下面；prep.在上面，反义词below I saw the moon above the roof.我看得到月亮在屋顶上方。The clouds above moved fast.头上的云快速移动。above all最重要的是辨析 on, above 与 overon表示在上，并有接触above笼统表示在上，不接触，表示“正上方”时，可与over互换over表示垂直在上，空间上接近4 urising above the burning building v中有三个,第一个作后置定语修饰smoke,第二 个也作定语，修饰building；第三个是名词。辨析 burning 与 burntburning “燃烧的，着火的”，表示动作已在进行中burnt “烧坏的，烧焦的”，表示被烧过，动作已发生The burnt boy was sent to hospital quickly.这个烧伤的孩子被马上送到医院。 I blanklythe paper in front of me and didn't know what to do.A. stared; onB. stared; atC. looked; intoD.saw; at用 burn 的适当形式填空：The young lady was badly by the sun.（答案：burnt）5. But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already takenoff.但等我到飞机场时，我要乘坐的前往新西兰的飞机已经起飞了。take off vi.（飞机）起飞 The plane took off smoothly.飞机很平稳地起飞 了。拓展take off的更多用法take off vt.脱掉；取下（眼镜等）Take off your glasses before going to bed.睡觉前把眼镜取下。take off vt.在（某期间）休息；休假 I'd like to take next Friday off,我想下周五请假。 take off vi.成功；功名It was after third film that her acting career really took off.她的演艺事业在她的第三部 电影后成功。take off vt.从（价格）减去,减价Can you take 20 yuan off the coat?你这件外套能少 20 元吗？6. .was really embarrassed 真的很窘迫embarrassed adj.窘迫的；害羞的be embarrassed about对.很尴尬 He looked rather embarrassed when the teacher asked him to read his composition to the class.当老师叫他给全班同学朗读他的作文时，他面带几分难色。He was so embarrassed about dropping the false teeth in the party.在聚会上，他的彳段 牙脱落令他难堪不已。embarrassing adj.令人为难的；令人尴尬的embarrassingly adv.尴尬地embarrass vt.使尴尬；使窘迫 embarrassment n.窘迫；尴）价 in embarrassment处在困窘当中 辨析 embarrassing 与 embarrassed embarrassed窘迫的；尴尬的。常用来修饰。embarrassing令人为难的；令人尴尬的。常用来修饰物。The embarrassing thing made me feel embarrassed.这件令人尴尬的事使我感到很尴 尬。 武汉中考一 I wore sports shoes to the ball yesterday evening by mistake! 一 Oh, dear, you must be very at the ball!A. embarrassed B. satisfiedC. tiredD. surprised7. What happened to Dave on April FooPs Day?愚人节那天大卫发生了什么事？ fool n.蠢人；傻瓜 April FooPs Day 愚人节 make a fool of 愚弄be fool enough to 笨到做feel like a fool 上当；吃亏play the fool装傻；扮小丑fool v.愚弄fool sb. into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事My sister fooled me into going with her.我妹妹骗我和她一起去。Would you be fooled by any of the stories?你会被这些故事愚弄吗？辨析fool与cheatfool指为了好玩而捉弄人，而cheat指用不诚实的手段骗人钱财等。如：We fool each other on April 1.我们在4月1日那天互相捉弄人。The boy cheated my neighbor of some money.那个男孩骗取了我邻居的一些钱。8. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as much spaghetti as they could.许多人跑去当地超市，尽可能多地抢购意大利面条。as.as sb. can/could ”尽可能地”,相当于 as.as possible. as.as中间用副词或形容词原形。跟形容词时，后面可接名词。Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can. 我们经常只是绕着城镇中心步行，尽可能多地见我们的朋友。It seems some students would like to start work as soon as they can/possible.看来 些学生想尽快地开始工作。You should be as friendly as you can to your teammates.你应该对你的队友尽可能地友 好。注意：as.as one can /could若修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子时，中间用副词；若 作表语，用形容词；若作宾语，用many/much+名词。拓展与as相关的搭配as.as 像一样as soon as 就as far as远至；就的限度such as例如as for至于as well也；另夕卜(Woo)as if/though 好像是A as well as B 不但 B；而且 Aas long as. 达之久；只要as many as. 多达；与.一样多as much as. 多达；与一样多You should tell you can to support your ideas.A. as many information as B. as much fact as C. as many facts as D. as many news as9. By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out等人们意识到这是恶作剧时，全国的意大利面条已被 抢购一空。1 hoax n. 骗局；恶作剧It is true, not a hoax.这是真的,不是骗局。2 sell out 卖光All the clothes in the clothing store were sold out.服装店里所有的衣服都卖完了。Sorry, we've sold out the shoes in your size.对不起，我们已经卖完了你这种尺寸的鞋 子。拓展部分类似短语eat up 吃光 run out (of)用光 use up 用光burn off烧光 kill off赶尽杀绝 die off死绝；消失 所有足球比赛的票都卖光了。All the tickets to the football matchby the end ofyesterday.（答案：had been sold out）10. Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story.韦尔基 让它听起来如此真实，以至于成百上千的人相信了这个故事。1 real adj.真实的；真正的Children believe that these characters are real.孩子们相信这些人物都是真实的。 辨析real与truereal表示“真正的，而不是想像的”或表示“现实的”true表示“符合实际的。常用于表示某一标准、规范或典型In real life, things are not so simple.在现实生活中，情况并非那么简单。This is a true story of real life.这是现实生活中一个真实的故事。2句中so.that中的so是副词，可修饰形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句，表示 “如此.以至于二 其结构为：S0+形容词（副词）原形+that从句或S0+形容词 +a（an）+名词+that 从句。This book is so interesting that everyone in our class wants to read it,这本书如此有趣 以至于我们班每个同学都想看。It is so large a room that it can hold 100 people,这个房间很大，能容纳 100 人。3 hundreds of成百上千的 拓展thousands of成千上万的millions of上百万的 dozens of几十（个）的；多 数的注意：这类词前有数词时，单复同形three dozen eggs三打鸡蛋（36个鸡蛋）four hundred years5 history 400 年历史-You study hard you're sure to pass the exam.-Thank you for saying so.A. enough; toB. as; asC. so; thatD. such;that11. By the time people found out the story was not true, all the spaghetti in the supermarkets had disappeared.当人们得知这个故事不是真的时候，超市内所有的 意大利面条都没了。disappear vi. 消失；不见 反义词 appear vi.出现 The sun disappeared behind the clouds.太阳躲在云后不见了。Many wild animals are disappearing because of excess hunting.许多野生动物因过度 捕猎而面临绝迹。拓展dis-前缀位于动词前，表示相反的动作dislike不喜欢disagree不同意disbelieve不相信 dispraise 贬损discomfort 不舒口艮disremember 忘t己 我在家里从来找不到一支笔。每次我一买来就不翼而飞。I can never find a pen in this house. TheyI buy them every time.（答案： disappearas soon as）12. Why didn't you hand in your science homework?你为什么不交科学作业？ hand in交上去（给老师或上级）Time is up. Please hand in your papers.时间到了，请上交你们的试卷。拓展hand作v.的短语hand back 交还hand down（=pass down）传下来； 传给 hand on 传给另一人hand out 分发；散发 hand over移交hand作n.的短语at hand在手边；就要到来 by hand手工做的；送来的from one hand to another从一个人传至U另一个人hand in hand 手牵手 on hand 手边（有）；手头有事做shake hands with 和握手on the one hand.,on the other hand. 一方面另一方面in hand手上的；控制住 give/lend sb. a hand帮忙 have a hand in协助；参与 用hand的短语填空：Each student has to an English composition once a week.（答案：hand in）The teacher the books at the beginning of the new semester.（答案：hand out）Always have your dictionary when you study.（答案：in hand）五、语法复习：一般过去时，过去完成时 1. 一般过去时的用法： 表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I got up at six this morning.今天早上我六点起的床。 表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.当我在乡下时，我常常在河里 游泳。 和一般过去时连用的时间状语：last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1995, in the past, the other day, at that time, just now 等。2017 湖南娄底】一What did you do last night?I TV and read books.A. watchB. watchedC. have watched2017 浙江宁波】Tony football every weekend when he was young.A. playsB. playedC. is playingD. has played2.过去完成时的用法： 表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态。By the end of last term, we had finished all the courses of senior middle school. 表示过去某一时间开始延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。He had been a teacher for 25 years when he was 50. 常与by then, by the last /by the end of last等时间状语连用。2017 襄阳】-We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didn't you come?-Because I that movie twice.A. have watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would watch 【2017 襄阳】-Why was he late for school yesterday? He overslept. By the time he got to the bus stop, the bus alreadyA. was, leaving B. has, leftC. would, leave D. had, left2017 乌鲁木齐】34.The meeting by the time I got there yesterday.A. was onB. has been on C. had begun D. has begun2017 襄阳 一Did you go to the movie last night?Yes. But by the time I got there, the movie(开始十多分钟 了).(for)(答案：had been on for over/more than ten minutes.)2017 襄阳】一 What did he say to you just now?-He asked me(那些参加灭火的人员是不是己 回来)for a few days. (back)(答案：if/whether the people who joined/took part in the putting out the fire had been back.)