2021高三英语新高考语法复习讲义名词性从句.docx

2021高三英语新高考语法复习讲义名词性从句【解题思路】1 .名词性从句的分类和特征（四大从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）。2 .仔细分析从句结构，看从句是否完整（先看结构，再看意义）。3 .根据“缺什么补什么”的原则，确定恰当的连接词。【掌握三大常考点】1 .连接副词引导的名词性从句。2 .that弓I导的名词性从句。3 .what引导的名词性从句。【明辨五大易错点】1 .that与what的误用。2 .that 与 if/whether 的误用。3 .which 与 that, which 与 what 的误用。3.1 f与whether的误用。5.that, what与连接副词的误用。【高考真题】1.Scientists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the human body.2.By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.3 .Without his support, we wouldn，t be we are now.4 .The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.5 .Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.6 .She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.1.1 t is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.8 .People who can see with their eyes can't understand practical use Braille can be of for theblind.9 .Part of the reason why Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it wasrather closely modeled on his own life.10 .The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better thananyone else on the sports field.1.1 1 have no idea the cell phone isn，t working, so could you fix it for me?12 It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.13 .一I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.-Oh, that was probably I was seeing the doctor.13.1 n fact, I wonder my efforts were all in vain.15 .The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother.16 .As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.17 .Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.18.1 won' t have anyone smoking in here. breaks the regulation will get punished. 【考点归纳】-what和that引导的名词性从句l.what引导名词性从句的五种用法：表示“的东西或事情”：_They've done what they can to help he匚他们已经尽力帮助 了 她。表示“的人或样子”：He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子了。表示“的数量或数目”：The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was three years ago. 现在我校学生的数量是三年前的10倍。 (4)表示“时间”：The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours.小女孩吓得不敢说话，大概在那儿站了几个小时。(5)表示“的地方”：In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492 年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 2.what与that引导名词性从句时的区别：两者均可引导主语、表语、宾语、同位语从句。what可在从句中用作语、语或 语，意为“什么”或“所的”，而that仅起作用，本身没有实际意义，在从句中也句子成分(引导宾语从句时通常可以,如果有两个或两个以上并列的宾语 从句，第一个从句的引导词that可以,其余的)。(l)He doesn*t know what she likes.他不知道她喜欢什么。(2)1 believe (that) he will come to see us.我相信他会来看我们的。二、同位语从句判断是同位语从句还是定语从句可以用“加词”的方法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be 动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则是定语从句。(l)The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(从句)会议推迟的通知是真的。f The notice was that the meeting had to be put off.The notice that he readjust now was true.(从句)他刚才读的那则通知是真的。 三、whether和if引导的名词性从句whether和if在动词后的宾语从句中经常可以互换，但下列情况常用whether,不用if：1.从句作介词的宾语时；2.与or或or not连用时；3.引导主语从句且位于句首时；4.引导表语从句和同位语从句时。(1)1 didn't knowhe would attend the concert.(2)Fm interested in you've finished the work.(3)It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.(4)The question is it is worth trying.(5)The question the work is worth doing has not been decided.四、when, where, how, why引导的名词性从句1 .who, why, how, where, when等在从句中既作特定的成分，又有具体的含义，不能省略。大多数连接副词表示疑问意义，引导主语从句时，常用作形式主语。2 .能接以上词引导宾语从句的动词很多，常见的有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise 等。3.以上词可引导介词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(1)will be chosen as the best singer has not been decided.(2)It never occurred to me tough it was to begin a new life in a strange city.(3)1 don t know it was that our headmaster was absent from such an important meeting.(4)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That's I was born.五“疑问词+ -ever”引导的名词性从句whichever, whatever, whoever引导名词性从句，它们本身有词义，既有连接从句的作用, 又在从句中作特定的成分，起强调作用，意为“无论，不管”。(1 )The club will give wins a prize.(2)Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps.1 .People crowd into cherry trees are blooming, appreciating the fresh spring sight.1.1 guess impresses me most about his painting is the colors he uses.3 .The same boiling water softens the potato and hardens the egg.lt's about you，re made of, not the circumstances.4 .Bob made a promise to the manager the work would all be finished on time.5 .After seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to have the job interview.6 .When it came to online games, my deskmate asked me a question I had played hecalled Angry Birds.7 .Many experts hold the view teachers' development is the key to better education lies in.8 .With your help, there is no doubt our plan is meant for will work out successfully.9 .r m concerned about most is we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time.10.is willing to volunteer in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is welcome to join us.11 .With private groups, there is a false sense everybody in the groups knows each other and hasthe same interests in mind.12 .Sometimes, the kind of food we serve a person suggests we show our gratitude.13 .The tech industry expo, which attracted more than 180,000 people, was a reminder of thetech industry is best at: being optimistic about itself.14 .Never turn down a job because you think it's too small.You don t know it can lead.1 5.1 was going to pay by cash when it suddenly occurred to me I had left my purse at home.2 6.It is a different world but one offers huge challenges to ambitious young people interested inour Universe works.17 .Macron was chosen for this honor Trump Whisper comes as no surprise to those who have observed his close bond with Trump.18 .There are some differences between American and British English, but do you know thedifferences came into being?19 .Theresa May asked Russian officials to explain they were responsible for the chemical attackin Salisbury, England.20 .一The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.That's it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.20.1 t looks you are ill.You should go to see the doctor.1.1 If we lose love and respect for each other, this is we finally die.23 .A proposal was put forward at the meeting the new cement plant shouldn，t be built near theschool.24 .Many students are at a loss as to _ they spend so much time on language learning, but achieve little.25 . they've managed to get everything finished so quickly is not clear to us.单句改错J1. When you look at how great effects the climate has on our life, you will agree that it is the most serious problem.2. That she can't understand is why fewer and fewer people showed interest in helping others.3. If you grow your own vegetables, they are generally fresher than that you buy in the shops.4. He didn't make that clear when and where the meeting would be held.5. She has received the offer from you, but I don't know why she will accept it or not.6. How he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting.7. With many cities in China dreadfully blanketed by thick haze, the environmental problem is that Chinese people concern most nowadays.8. The problem is that we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.9. 一It's my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have?That you choose is fine with me.10. The practical suggestion came from the representatives how the new rule be adopted.11. 1 didn' t know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me.1.1 1 knew that they will be worried about me because I was so far away.13 .The problem is what the “Play” doesn, t work at all. Probable it' s not your fault and so is mine.14 .There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.1.1 1f you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately.16 .What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room.17 .She listens attentively and tries to catch everything which the teachers say in class.18 .When I was a boy, the most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring Festival.19 .As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time.20 .Fortunately, I had a mobile phone with me ,so I called the police and told them that had been found. 写作(尽可能使用名词性从句)1 .众所周知，3月11日日本发生了地震。2 .地震发生的原因是大陆的运动。3 .最令我吃惊的是看到许多汽车被水冲走。4 .许多人无家可归，我不知道他们是否能重建家园。5 .我们国家已经提供了帮助的消息使我感到自豪。The news that-6 .我认为竭尽所能帮助他们是我们的责任。I think it our duty to六用名词性从句改写句子，写作中,得高分的方法之一：改造低级句型，让你的英语靓起来.(1) 原句:He gave me something. And it was a Christmas present and a heart full of love.(2)原句:Some of the happiest people in the world are those people.Those people help to bring happiness to others.Volunteers believe it(3 )Clearly, English is more and more important. Last Saturday we invited Professor Zhang to give us a report on how to learn English well. His report helps us a lot. Now many students spend one more hour in learning English.(4) We study in the new teaching building. It makes everyone excited. We walk in the building. We are happy. We can enjoy many paintings and handwritings. We use our own works to decorate it. It is cool. Our school provides us convenience. It is the goal of our school. The cabinet is an example. We bring many things to school. We can put them in the cabinet. There is hot water too. How can we keep the teaching building clean and beautiful? We are discussing it.单句改错答案1. how f what whether6. HowWhat thatll.whatf which when16.were-was what2.That-What7. thatwhat12.willf would17.whichf that3. thatwhat/those 4. thatit5. whyf8. thathow/whether9. ThatWhatever10. how13.whatf that; sonor/neither 14.whetherthat 15.去掉18.去掉 when19.whatfhow20.that-写作答案：1. It is well known that a big earthquake struck Japan on 11, March.2. The reason why it happened is that the continents are moving.3. What surprised me most was that a large number of cars were washed away by the water.4. A large number of people were homeless, and I have no idea whether they can rebuild their home.5. The news that our country has offered help makes me proud.5.1 think it our duty to do what we can (do) to help them.句子改写答案1 .What he gave me was not only a Christmas present but also a heart full of love.前2句可以合成定语从句2.Some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. 再与第3句合成宾语从句Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.3.It is clear that English is more and more important. Last Saturday we invited Professor Zhang to give us a report on how to learn English well. What he said does help us a lot. Many students spend one more hour in learning English from now on.4.That we are studying in the new teaching building makes everyone excited. Even walking in the building brings us happiness for we can enjoy many paintings and handwritings. It is cool that we use our own works to decorate it . To provide us convenience is the goal of our school. The cabinet is an example. What we bring to school can be kept in it. Besides, whenever we are thirsty there is hot water. Now, how we can keep the teaching building clean and beautiful is being discussed.