人教版八年级上册英语Unit2 单元知识点详解.docx

人教版八年级上册英语Unit2单元知识点详解一.单词拓展1 .（adv.一次；曾经）一（num.一；一个）一（num.第一）2 .（adv.两次；两倍）-（num.两个）一（num.第二）3 .（v.使摆动；过去式：）4 .（n.健康）一（adj.健康的）5 .（n.身体）一（复数形式）6 .（V.消失；灭亡；死亡）一（adj.垂死的）7 .（v.写；过去式：）一（n.作家）8 .（v.使惊讶；n.惊喜债讶）一（adj.感到惊讶的脂人)二、短语1 .看电视2 .使用因特网3 .锻炼4 .玩电脑游戏5 .阅读英语书6 .上网7 .去看电影8 .露营9 .去购物10 .熬夜11 .帮助做家务12 .进行体育活动13 .上舞蹈和钢琴课14 .去看牙医15 .和某人一起度过时光16 .业余活动17 .在某人的业余时间 18 .有空D . Because he hopes that his son can spend more time exercising and won't get fat.4 . After making the changes in Physical Education, we can infer (推断)thatA . more and more children will get fatB . all Chinese students are sure to have a healthier futureC . the overweight and obesity rate may not increase as fast as beforeD . the overweight and obesity rate will keep increasing so fast in the future5 . Whafs the best title of the passage?A . P. E. Classes in ChinaB . More Choices, More ClassesC . Changes in China's Physical EducationD . The Problems of Overweight and Obesity四、用所给单词的正确形式填空1 . It's good to relax by(watch) TV.2 . The best way(learn) English is through reading loudly.3 . How often do you go(camp), Linda?4 . How about(go) shopping on Sundays?5 . The woman spends two hours(finish) her housework.6 .My mother wants me(exercise)every day.7 .一Does your mother(watch)TV every night?一No, she(not) . She usually(use)the Internet.8 .Vegetables are _ (health)food.My sister likes to eat them.9 .My cousin(come)to my house yesterday , and we(do)homework together.10 .Kate often eats(health) food, so she is in good(health).五、书面表达在健康卫生课上，健康老师向全班同学做了一个有关健康活动与饮食习惯的 问卷调查，内容如下：(l)Whafs your favorite activity in your spare time?(2)How often do you do it?(3)What*s your favorite drink or food?(4)Is it good for your health?请你根据以上问题写一篇健康报告，课后作为作业交给老师。要求：语句通顺，逻辑合理；90词左右。19 .做某事的最好方式20 .在周末21 .多久一次22 .至少23 .几乎不24 .一周一次25 .每月两次26 .最受欢迎的 27 .垃圾食品28 .例如29 .多于30 .少于三、句子1 .例如进行体育活动之类的锻炼是很有趣的。2 .旧习难改。3 .这些就是结果。4 .它对身心而言是健康的。5 .对于我们提出的关于看电视的问题的回答也很有趣。6 .虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。7 .通过使用网络或观看游戏类节目来放松是很好，但我们认为最好的放松方法 是通过锻炼。8 .有20%的学生根本不锻炼！四、知识点详解1. hardly ever几乎从不hardly ever意为“几乎从不”，表频率，通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后, 实义动词之前。2. how often意为“多久一次”，对频度副词提问，询问事情发生的频率。1 ) how often"多久一次L询问事情发生的频率 常用always , sometimes等频度副词或 once a week,three times a day/ week 等回答2 ) how soon“多久以后"询问将来的时间 常用“in+时间段”回答3 ) how long”多长(时间)”，既可对“一段时间”提问，也可对物体的长度提问常用"for+时间段”回答4 ) how far “多远，询问距离、路程 常用 ten kilometers ；three minutes* walk 等表示距离的短语回答3. how about意为“怎么样,"相当于what about,后跟名词代词动名词等，常用来向对方提建议或征求意见等。Why don't you do sth.?你为什么不做某事呢？Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事呢？Would you like.?你想要吗？You'd better (not) do sth.你最好(不要)做某事。Lets do sth.让我们做某事吧。4. want to do sh.相当于 would like to do sth，意为“想要做某事"want sb. to do sth.意为“想要某人做某事”。5. sometimes为频度副词，意为“有时”，多用于一般现在时的句子中，在句中的 位置比较灵活。6. maybe作副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，在句中作状语，既可放在句首，也 可放在句尾。maybe副词一般位于句首或句尾may be情态动词+be动词常位于句中7. stay up是不及物动词短语，意为“熬夜”，其后不能接宾语。8. at least意为"至少9. ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人关于某事（的情况）ask sb. to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物ask for请求；恳求（给予）lOsurprised作形容词，意为“感到惊讶的”，常用“人”作主语。be surprised at sth.意为“对某事感到惊讶”;be surprised to do sth.意为“做某事感到惊讶”；11. theanswersto the questions意为“问题的答案/答”，名词answer 之后常接介词to表示“的答案/回答二12. although意为“虽然；尽管即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，相当于though ,两者在大多数情况下可以互换。13. spend作动词，意为“花费；度过”，它的主语必须是“人二spend.time/money (in) doing/sth.花时间或金钱做某事spend.time/money on sth.在某事/物上花费时间或金钱14. die是不及物动词，其过去式和过去分词均为died ,现在分词为dyingdie , dead , death 与 dyingDdie动词“消失；灭亡；死亡"2 ) dead形容词“死的，失去生命的"3 ) death 名词 “死；死亡”，4 ) dying 形容词“垂死的；临终的”15.复合形容词16-year-old为“数词-名词-形容词”构成的复合形容词，各词之间用连字符连接, 常用来修饰名词作定语。16. more than是固定短语意为“多于二"more than+可数名词的复数形式叫乍主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。知识点检测一、单项选择1 . 一 hours do you watch TV every day?一 Half an hour .A. How longB.How farC.How muchD.How many2 . He is DJ of the program in Blue Sky Radio StationA.aB.anC.theD./3 .一 How about going shopping with me this afternoon?rd love to,I'm afraid I don't have time .A.soB.andC.butD.or4 . The train arrived Nanjing 6.00 the afternoon of Sep. 13.A.at; at; inB.in; at; inC.in; at; onD.at; in; on5 .一 do the children take art lessons ?一Three or four times a week.A.How longB.How many times C.How soonD.How often6 .Facial recognition（人脸识另U ）technology is widely used for payment.we needn't enter the passwords any more.A . For example B . As a resultC . Whafs moreD . At least7 . It's very important for us more vegetables.A . eatB . eatingC . to eatD . eats8 . Sophia waited for a reply, but came.A . eitherB . anotherC . neitherD . none9 . Do you know Liu Hui finally entered a top school?一 Certainly. That's the of his hard work.D . decisionA . habitB . suggestion C . result10 . Grandma cooked a big dinner., all her children ate out that night.A . AlmostB . However C . MaybeD . Near二、完形填空Volunteers are probably some of the most overlooked（被忽视的）people. But noactivity would carry on （进彳亍）successfully without hard-working volunteers. Thismonth, I at the Color Run in Melbourne. Although I didn't have as much fun as the runners, I still learned a lesson.My job was to give a high-five（举手击掌）to every runner at the finish line.2, we saw it as a simple task（任务）.When the first runner passed, we reachedout our 3 and shouted “Good job" excitedly.However, as more and more people crossed the finish line and clapped their hands with mine, my arm got hurt. Terribly, it became 4 soon. Our clothes were all wet because of the sweat and we felt tired. But soon we saw a group of kids5 towards us-they were about 6 years old. 6 they could hardly catch their breath , they still kept going with big smiles 7 their faces. They put up theirhands and said, “high- five”. I was quite touched. They were so young, and they refused to 8, though. Suddenly, I felt myself be full of strength（能量）. Iclapped their hands and shouted, "Well done, little guys!”That is the meaning of being a volunteer. It is never an easy job. However, we meet different people and see the spirit that touches us. Even if such 9 is notoften found in daily life, it can help us 10 a lot when we do it once in awhile（偶尔）.1 . A . volunteer2 . A . As a result3 . A . head4 . A . worseB , volunteeredB . At lastB earsB , worstC will volunteerC - In the endC handsC . betterD . volunteersD . At the beginningD . legsD . best5 . A . runingB to runC runningD . ran6 . A . ButB . AlthoughC , HoweverD . For7 . A . inB . onC.atD . of8 . A . give outB give offC , give upD . give away9 . A . spiritB . jobC - meaningD . idea10 . A . giveB . encourageC , touchD . Learn三.阅读As people in China are paying more and more attention to children's health, the government is carrying out new programs to improve the health level of students. Last December, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission made great changes to physical education in this city.The commission now has more progress assessments for P. E. classes in the hope that children will start physical exercise at an earlier age and do it more often. Students also have more choices for their final P. E. exams. They can choose four sports from a list of 22, including running, table tennis, badminton, and swimming. 14 sports newly joined in the list. The commission also provides middle school students with online classes after school.Many people welcome the changes with open arms. Zhang Fan, a father of a school-age child said, “Many children in our country have overweight and obesity （月巴 胖）problems, and one of the main reasons is that they spend very little time on physical activities. I hope my son will have more time for physical activities at school.”According to a report, the overweight and obesity rate of Chinese primary and middle school students increased （增力口 ） by 8. 7 percent from 2010 to 2019. In 2019, the overweight and obesity rate of primary school students was 26. 2 percent, while it was 23.1 percent for middle school students and 21 percent for high school students. Since the government is taking action to improve children's health levels, the situation will take a turn for the better. Lefs look forward to a healthier future for all Chinese students.1 . When did the Beijing Municipal Education Commission make great changes to physical education?A . Last spring. B . Last summer. C . Last autumn. D . Last winter.2 . We can know the following things from the second paragraph EXCEPT. A . Students are now able to take both online classes and online exams at school.B . 14 sports newly joined the list, so students have more choices for their final P. E. exams.C . Students can choose running, table tennis, badminton, swimming and other 18 sports for their final P. E. exams.D . Beijing Municipal Education Commission hopes to encourage children to start physical exercise at an earlier age and exercise more often.3 . Why does Zhang Fan welcome the changes in P. E. classes and exams?A . Because his son loves to do physical activities.B . Because he likes to take exercise very much himself.C . Because he wants his son to spend less time on physical activities.