2021-2022学年福建省厦门双十中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版）.docx

2. In which museum can visitors dig for dinosaur bones?A. Dinosaurs Alive at Cedar Point.B. The Chicago Children's Museum.C. Carnegie Museum of Natural History.D. The Children's Museum of Indianapolis.3. What are visitors advised to do in Pittsburgh, PA?A. Touch a real T-rex bone.B. Take a photo in front of Dippy.C. See reconstructed dinosaur skeletons.D. See experts work with real dinosaur fossils.BIn Shakespeare HAMLET, Polonius asks the prince, "What are you reading, my Lord?” Hamlet replies, "Words, words, words." Either, as is likely, Hamlet wasn't interested in what he was reading, or, less likely, he didn't understand the words he was reading. In this case, Polonius should have lent Hamlet a good dictionary.Dictionaries are essential tools for people who like to read. There are so many words in English that even the most educated person will sometimes meet an unfamiliar word and have to look it up. Languages keep changing, too, with new words constantly being added and new meanings being applied to old words. For example, the 12th edition of Xinhua Dictionary, the most popular dictionary in China, has added new words such as "clue xirT “fen si" "er wei ma" etc. As for new meanings, "girl” once meant "a small child of either sex". And "naughty" didn't mean you were “enjoying playing tricks”; it meant you were poor.A printed dictionary can't keep pace with all the changes, which is why most dictionaries have websites and apps to help you keep up-to-date. However, I still prefer printed dictionaries because they give you more definitions and more examples of how a word is used. Even a simple word, such as “set”，has 430 meanings (the most of English words) but an online dictionary would only offer two or three. A printed dictionary also gives you the opportunity to discover new words as you run your finger down the page looking for the word you want.There is no "official“ English dictionary, but the Oxford English Dictionary is considered to be the best. For English language learners, however, I would recommend the Collins COBUILD Dictionary for Advanced Learners. Hamlet, by the way, was Danish and a college student. He would have appreciated the Collins Dictionary to help himself with his words, words, words. This dictionary has over 40,000 words and gives you full-sentence definitions with good examples of how words are used.4. What's the function of paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic.B. To let the readers know more about HAMLET.C. To arouse readers9 interest in Shakespeare.D. To explain when it's necessary to use a dictionary.5. Why does the author mention “girl” in paragraph 2?A. To show how powerful Xinhua Dictionary is.B. To support the idea: languages keep changing.C To prove new words are being added to dictionaries.D. To imply “girl” also means “boy” in some cases.6. What's the author's attitude to printed dictionaries?A. Favorable.B. Ambiguous.C. Negative.D. Critical.7. Whafs the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph?A. To introduce the history of dictionaries.8. To call on learners to use dictionaries.9. To recommend Collins Dictionary.10. To explain why Hamlet likes Collins.C"The really frightening thing about middle age,"the actor Doris Day is said to have joked, "is that you know you'll grow out of it." We may bravely try to claim that life begins at 40-but for many people, it can feel more like the beginning of the end.Mid life wasn't always seen this way. It isn't clear why we have a more negative view today, but Margie Lachman, director of the lifespan development lab at Brandeis University in Massachusetts, suggests it may be linked to the pressures that begin piling up in our 30s. "Midlife is a period of high stress today, more so than in the past/'she says.1' One is exactly in the middle of work and family careers. This can affect one*s ability to focus or one*s own well-being.'1There are, however, many reasons to feel positive about this crucial period. In a series of experiments, Laura Germine at Harvard Medical School has tested tens of thousands of people to examine the differences in cognitive abilities between age groups. Germine's studies have included the famous "mind in the eyesH test, for instance, which gets people to infer emotional states from small differences in facial expressions. She found that people n their late 40s scored highest. This may be due to practice, she suggests.n When you think about the amount of social differences that one has to learn across the lifespan- that's where we think that comes from/Germine found similar patterns in a task demanding continuous attention. In this, the participants had to watch different scenes fade into one another and adapt their response according to what they sawpressing a button when they saw a city and releasing it when they saw a mountain. 40-somethings found it much easier to "get into the zone than younger people.It is interesting to note that middle-aged people frequently bring in the most supplies in traditional hunter-gatherer societies. According to various studies, hunter-gatherers often take decades to learn their skills, and these abilities continue to grow into their 40s.There are some downsides to hitting this age, of course. Our skin tends to become loose and our body fat starts to be redistributed around the midriff. But after a drop in life satisfaction, happiness is already set to rise at the end of this decade and the beginning of the next.Contrary to popular opinion, humans seem to have evolved to flourish into middle age and beyond.8. What can we infer from the first paragraph?A. Doris Day felt excited in her 40s.B. It's believed that life begins at 40.C Lots of people feel worried at 40.D. We are supposed to be braver at 40.9. Which of the followings is TRUE according to the text?A. People in their 40s attach more importance to their well-being.B. There seem to be reasons for us to be optimistic about middle age.C. The participants in their 40s did badly in Germine's experiments.D. Humans* physical appearance definitely gets worse in their40s.10. The underlined word “flourish" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning toA. ProsperB.PanicC. ContinueD.Decline11. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A textbookB.An art review.C. A science magazine.D.A biography.DIf you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet. But no one had tested that until now.To analyze their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They analyzed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wingbeats after takeoff. The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wingbeats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick turn, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exalting/ says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing isimpossible on the road of scientific research. I can*t wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small flying vehicles.12. Why was laser used in the experiment?A. To frighten the butterflies into flying.B. To help researchers observe thebutterflies.C. To help take clear photos of air movement.D. To guide the butterflies through thesmoke.13. What is the finding of the research according to paragraph 5?A Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.14. What does the underlined word “exalting" in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Puzzling.B. Exciting.Impossible.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?Claps?C How Can Butterflies Make Quick Turns?C. Simple.D.B. How Can Butterflies Make WingD. Why Can Butterflies Run AwayQuickly?第二节（共5小题海小题2分，满分12.5分）根短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tropical RainforestTropical rainforests are a world like none other. 16 Unparalleled in terms of their biological diversity, tropical rainforests are a natural reservoir of genetic diversity. They offer a rich source of medicinal plants and other useful forest products. They are an important habitat for migratory animals and preserve as much as 50 percent of the species on earth, as well as a number of diverse and unique originating cultures. Tropical rainforests play an elemental role in regulating global weather in addition to maintaining regular rainfall, while buffering（缓冲）against floods, droughts,and soil erosion （腐蚀）.17Despite their monumental role, tropical forests are restricted to the small land area between the latitudes 22.5 degrees north and 22.5 degrees south of equator. The majority of the earth's land is located north of the tropics. 18Tropical rainforests are a scarce resource in the 21st century. What ever carpeted the earth's land surface a mere five generations ago has been reduced to scattered fragments（石卒片）；today, more than two-thirds of the world's tropical rainforests exist as fragmentedremainings. 19 Over half of this forest lies in Brazil, which holds about one-third of the worlds remaining tropical rainforests. Another 20 percent of the world's remaining rainforests exists in Indonesia and Congo Basin, while the balance of the world's rainforests are scattered around the globe, in tropical regions20 It is based roughly on four forested continental regions: the Ethiopian or Afrotropical, the Australasian or Australian, the Oriental or Indomalayan Asian, and the Neotropical.A. They take in adequate fresh water and oxygen.B. In that case, new rain forests are seen to be discovered.C. Their global distribution can be broken up into four biogeographical areas.D. Their importance to the global ecosystem and human existence is vital.E. As a consequence, rainforests are naturally limited to a relatively small area.F. They store vast quantities of carbon while producing a significant amount of the world's oxygen. G. The largest unbroken stretch of rainforest is found in the Amazon river basin of South America. 第三部分语言知识应用第一节完型填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）My heart was pounding as I climbed onto the School bus on the first day of middle school. I21 my backpack as I looked for a place to sit. My eyes 22 on two girls sitting next to each other. They smiled at me and 23 the seat next to theirs.“Hey!" the blond said. "My name is Heather. Whafs yours?”“Rachel.I said nervously. Normally I'm not 24 but I barely knew anyone and was anxious to make new friends.“Nice to meet you J said the brunette （深褐色头发的女子）.“My name*s Jessica.I sat down on the seat and 25 the girls. I looked at my Converse All Stars and frowned. Why hadn't I worn more stylish shoes?It turned out we had first period together and we became friends. But our friendship wasn't without its 26Jessica made Heather and me laugh. She was very 27 and we'd go to her for make-up and clothing advice. 28 she had an ”1' m-the-boss, personality that demanded attention.She always had to be 29 Once the three of us went to the mall. I ended up spending fifty dollars on a skirt that I didn't even 30 just to make Jessica happy.As time went on, I found 1 was behaving as a pretend of myself just to pleaseJessica and to keep her from being mad at me. She 32 was; different when I was aroundother people, when in truth I was being myself. I was always afraid she'd get mad at me fbr saying something that I wouldn't 33 think twice about.I sometimes 34 what real friends should be like. Shouldn't they be there fbr youthrough the toughest times? Shouldn't they 35 who you are and encourage you to beyourself, rather than asking you to be who they Want you to be just to please them?21. A. threw22. A. landed23. A. occupied abandoned24. A. noisy25. A. covered26. A. faults27. A. innocentgenerous28. A. So29. A. on businesspressure30. A. know31. A. session32. A. complained anticipated33. A. suddenly34. A. wonder35. A. imagineB. droppedB. tookB. pattedB. shyB. addressedB. causesB. ambitiousB.OrB. in chargeB. mentionB. conversationB. rememberedB. normallyB.doubtB. describeC. adjustedC. spiedC. reservedC. ignorantC. encounteredC. surprisesC. fashionableC. AndC. at workC. likeC. productionC.ensuredC. desperatelyC. blameC.respectD. openedD. builtD.D. elegantD. facedD. benefitsD.D. ButD.underD. smoothD. versionD.D. guiltilyD. predictD. evaluate第二节单句语法填空（共15题，每小题1分，共15题）1.1 1 am looking for a book（concern） Chinese history.（所给词的适当形式填空）37. Ifs time you（settle） your dispute with him.（所给词的适当形式填空）38. This war has caused widespread human（suffer）.（所给词的适当形式填空）39. Children often behave badly out of（ignore）.（所给词的适当形式填空）40. He had blundered into the table,（upset） the flowers.（所给词的适当形式填空）41. What did he（actual） say?（所给词的适当形式填空）42. The police demanded a detailed（describe） of the suspect from the witness.（所给词 的适当形式填空）43. There is no point（base） the new company in New York.（所给词的适当形式填空）44. The raised funds should be made good use of（help） the people who suffered great losses in the earthquake.（所给词的适当形式填空）45. Laurence's novel was eventually recognized a work of genius.（用适当的词填空）46. （persuade） by his adviser, he entered the competition.（所给词的适当形式填空）47. In allocating housing,（prefer） is given to families with young children.（所给词的 适当形式填空）48. The（determine） look on his face shows no sign of surrender.（所给词的适当形式 填空）49. The man insisted finding a taxi for me.（用适当的词填空）50. Touched by their enthusiastic（express） of affection, I thanked them again and again. （所给词的适当形式填空）四，写作51. 假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询 学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回信，内容包括：1 .学习毛笔书法的必备工具；2.你认为学好毛笔