2023年邵东县考研《英语一》统考试题含解析.docx

2023年邵东县考研英语一统考试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The journey of water as it flows upon the earth can be a mirror of our own paths through life.Water begins its on earth asit falls from the sky and streams down a mountain into a stream or river.In the same way, we come into the world and begin our lives on earth.Like a river that flows within the of its banks, we are born with certain defining characteristics that ouridentity.We are born in a specific time and place, within a specific family, and with certain gifts and.With these limitations, we move through life,many twists, turns, and barriers along the way just as a river.Water is a great teacher that shows us to move through the world with grace, bravery, determination, and.When ariver at a waterfall, it gains energy and moves on, as we face our own waterfalls, we may fall hard we always keepmoving on.Water can inspire us not to become rigid (死板的)with fear or stick to whafs familiar.Water is and does notwaste time sticking to its past, but flows onward without.At the same time, when there is a to be filled, water doesnot run away from it in of the dark; instead, water modestly and bravely fills the empty space.In the same way, we canface the moments of our life rather than run away from them., a river will empty into the sea.Water does not hold back from in a larger body, nor does it fear a loss of orcontrol.lt gracefully and modestly falls into the vastness by contributing its energy and joining without.Each time we move beyond our individual characters to become part of something bigger, we can try our best to the lead of the river.1、A. travelB. workC. positionD. process2、A. periodsB. areasC , boundariesD. admissions3、A. revealB. governC- keepD. cast4、A. challengesB experiencesC. opportunitiesD. demands5、A. bringingB. requiringC. facingD. predicting6、A. crossesB. flowsC. poursD. drops7、A. whenB , whereC. whyD. how8、A. modestyB. happinessC. smileD. reputation9、A. springsB , leavesC. runsD. breaks10、A. orB. soC. butD. and11、 A. desperateB. braveC. nervousD. merciful12、A. looking throughB. looking afterC , looking for D. looking back13> A. holeB. formC heartD. post1、1. A2. C3. B4. A5. C6. B7. D8. A9. D10. C11. B12. D13. A14. B15. D16. C17. D18. C19. A20. BSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. D2. A3. B4. D3、1. C2. D3. A4. C4、1. D2. B4. A 5、1. B2. D3. C4. 1. curiously2. with3. . was trembling4. a5. which6. them7. wandering8. happiness9. As / When / While10. into7、1. amazed2. to3. had applied4. examiner5. the6. angry7. but8. carefully9. was pulled10. whichSection III Translation8、1. G2. A3. C4. D5. F9、1. A3. B4. C5. E14、A. favorB. fearC, honorD. terms15、A. boringB changeableC. excitingD. dark16、A. GraduallyB. AbsolutelyC. EventuallyD. Actually17、A. dippingB. bringingC. plottingD. joining18、A. lifeB. libertyC , identityD. root19> A. resistanceB. permissionC - knowledgeD. reward20> A. takeB. followC. loseD. holdSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Last week, Education Secretary Arne Duncan declared war on paper textbooks. "Over the next few years J he said in a speech at the National Press Club, "textbooks should be abandoned. In their place would come a variety of digital-learning technologies, like e-readers and multi-media websites.Such technologies certainly have their place. But Secretary Duncan is threatening to light a fire to a tried-and-true technology-good old paper-that has been the foundation for one of the great educational systems on the planet. And while e-readers and multi-media websites may seem appealing, the idea of replacing an effective learning platform with a widely hyped （炒作）but still unproven one is extremely dangerous.An expert on reading, Maryanne Wolf, has recently begun studying the effects of digital reading on learning, and so far the results are mixed. She worries that Internet reading, in particular, could be such a source of distractions（分散注意力）for students that they may cancel out most other potential benefits of a Web-linked, e-learning environment and while it's true that the high-tech industry has sponsored substantial amounts of research on the potential benefits of Web-based learning, not enough time has passed for longitudinal（纵向的）studies to demonstrate the full effects.In addition, digital-reading advocates claim that lightweight e-books benefit students' backs and save schools money. But the rolling backpack seems to have solved the weight problem, and the shocking costs to outfit every student with an e-reader, provide technical support and pay for regular software updates promise to make the e-textbook a very pricey choice.As both a teacher who uses paper textbooks and a student of urban history, I can't help but wonder what parallels exist between my own field and this sudden, wholesale abandonment of the technology of paper.1、Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Multi-media websites and good old paper are kinds of digital-learning technologies.B. Digital learning technologies will replace the paper textbooks sooner or later.C. E-readers and multi-media websites are learning methods that are proved effective.D. A tried-and-true technology is paper textbooks, long used in educational system.2、What is the drawback of paper textbooks according to the passage?A. Their weight.B. Their price.C. Their content.D. Their appearance.3、What worries Maryanne Wolf is that.A. paper learning can provide more potential benefitsB. students may not focus on learning by digital readingC. digital reading can't provide potential benefits for usersD. the results of digital reading effects are understandable4、What is the author's attitude towards digital-learning?A. Disapproving. B. Supportive.C. Positive. D. Objective.Text 2Most groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near the equator. In the ocean, that holds true for cold-blooded predators（掠食者）.But warm-blooded predators are more diverse toward the poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot spots. Why?John Grady, an ecologist, and his team considered the possibilitywarm-blooded animals need a lot to fuel their metabolism（新陈代谢）.Perhaps colder waters are just richer in small fish? But they found that at higher, colder places, there isn't actually much more food around. It's more that warm-blooded animals are eating a much bigger share of it than their cold-blooded competitors.The real explanation is simple. An animafs speed, swiftness, and intelligence depend on its metabolism, which in turn depends on its temperature. Since birds and mammals can keep heating their bodies in icy conditions, they remain fast and attentive. By contrast, the fish they hunt become slower and duller. At some tipping point of temperature, seals, dolphins, and penguins start outswimming their prey（猎物）.They become more likely to come upon targets and outpace the cold-blooded predators of their own.In Grady's words, "Warm-bodied predators are favoured where preys are slow, stupid and cold. That's why sharks and other predatory fish dominate near the equator, but colder waters are the kingdom of whales and seals. By keeping food to themselves in the poles, these creatures can then specialize on specific types of prey, which makes them more likely to split into separate species. The killer whales of the North Pacific, for example, include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating, year-round residents.But the world is changing. It's likely that the surface of the oceans will wann by 2 to 3 within this century. Grady's team estimates that every time the ocean's surface warms by 1 , populations of sea mammals will fall by 12%, and populations of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%.But "predictions are hard,“ Donna Hauser from the University of Alaska Fairbanks notes. "Polar bears are losers of a warming world, but some populations are still doing well. Some groups of whales have changed the timing of their migrations; others are hunting in deeper, colder waters. These changes might make sea mammals more adaptable to changing climates. Maybe they just need to find the places where fish remain slow, stupid and cold. 1、Why are there more types of warm-blooded predators near the poles?A. Because there is more food.B. Because there are fewer enemies.C. Because they are faster and wiser.D. Because they consume less energy.2、 The author mentions the killer whales to show.A. the benefit of biological evolutionB. food preference of different sea mammalsC. the distinction of specific types of predatorsD. the advantage of constant body temperature3、What is Donna Hauser's attitude towards the future of the sea mammals?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Neutral.D. Sceptical.4、Which is the best title for the passage?A. Are the Poles Heaven for Sea Predators?B. How Do Sea Mammals Track Their Prey?C. Why Do the Warm-Blooded L汰e Food Cold?D. Is the World Too Hot for the Warm-Blooded?Text 3Sally Dawly is a woman from Auburn, California. Over the last three and a half years, the anti-littering woman has spent most of her free time picking up cigarette butts （N因头）from the streets of her home city.Called the “Butt Lady“ by her local community, Dawly began her mission to rid the streets of her city of cigarette butts in October, 2014. The woman looked for cigarette butts, picked them up and threw them in the trash. To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet, and earlier this month, she hit a historic milestoneone million cigarette butts.“I got tired of going on my walks and seeing cigarette butts everywhere/5 Sally Dawly said. "I'm just shocked that I had to pick up so many. Tve ever picked up 3,000 butts in one day,“ she said. "Don't throw away your butts; better yet, stop smoking.”With so many cigarette butts littering the streets, can one person's efforts really make a difference? Surprisingly, the answer seems to be yes. Soon after the Butt Lady of Auburn started her mission and word of her efforts spread, cigarette cans started appearing around bars and restaurants in the city. Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on as she approached her one-million-butt milestone.Sally knows her city's cigarette butt littering problem won't be solved anytime soon, but she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cigarette butts in the streets. She has decided to continue cleaning up after irresponsible smokers, and already has a new milestone in her sights-two million cigarette butts.Word of the Butt Lady's efforts to keep the streets cigarette butt-free has reached neighboring communities as well, and CBS Sacramento reports that other cities have started seeking her help as well.1、Why does Sally Dawly carry an iPad with her while picking up the butts?A. To entertain the crowds.B. To monitor the smokers.C. To attract people's attention.D , To record the number of butts.2、How did Sally Dawly feel when picking up cigarette butts?A. Excited but upset.B. Shocked and sorryC. Frightened but content.D. Astonished and desperate.3、From the text. what can be inferred about Sally Dawly?A. She picks up nearly 3,000 cigarette butts every day.B. She will work in other cities in California in the future.C. She has set a new goal of picking up two million cigarette butts.D. She picked up one million cigarette butts with members of her community.4、What is the text mainly about?A. California's "Butt Lady".B. Fighting against smoking.C. Californians health problems.D. Smoking problems in California.Text 4For the business traveler who is all about efficiency: Check out these hotels that will get you in and out with a minimum of trouble. When you are pressed for time on a business trip, nothing can infuriate you more than a slow hotel check-in process. On your next trip, try these hotels that offer a speedier check-in process.1. Yotel New YorkThe self-service kiosks at this high-tech New York hotel work just like the ones you'd see at an airport. There are just five-steps to register and obtain your card key. There is even a robotic luggage bellboy. You tap in the number of bags you are carrying and sizes, then wait for a robot arm to swing down and store your luggage in a locker (say, for a day trip). This also speeds up the check-in process if the first thing you need to do, like me, is head to a series of meetings.2. Marriott Detroit AirportAnother option for business travelers in a hurry: Marriott is rolling out its mobile check-in app to 325 hotels this year, including the Marriott Detroit Airport hotel. (Eve tested the app itself but not for a real visit quite yet.) Here is the basic idea: you download the iphone or Android app. The night before, you can "check-in" virtually. When you arrive, you get an alert that the room is ready and your key, which is already tied to your reservation, is waiting for you at the desk.3. Hyatt Regency MinneapolisI happened to stay at this hotel recently and liked how fast the kiosk check-in works. Like the Yotel, the kiosk asks you to insert your credit card, similar to an airport terminal. The whole process took about three minutes, when I left, I was equally impressed with the fast check-out. An agent meets you in the lobby with an ipad and asks for an email to use for a receipt. The big advantage: you never have to wait in line.4. Radisson: LaCrosseThe Radisson is trying to make the kiosk process even faster, at a few select hotels like the Radisson Lacrosse in Wisconsin, you use a mobile app to register and then receive a barcode by email or text. When you get to the kiosk, you scan the barcode to get your key without any other steps required. Ifs super fast. You can find this new check-in system at the Radisson hotels in Salt Lake City, Seattle, and Phoenix as well.1、Which two hotels offer a mobile app for customers to check in?A. Yotel New York and Marriott Detroit Airport.B. Marriott Detroit Airport and Radisson: LaCrosse.C. Marriott Detroit Airport, and Hyatt Regency Minneapolis.D. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis and Radisson: LaCrosse.2、Which hotel will send you a receipt by email?A. Yotel New York. B. Marriott Detroit Airport.C. Radisson: LaCrosse. D. Hyatt Regency Minn