2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析.docx

2023年荷泽市巨野县考研英语一全真模拟试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。If we want to make friends, let's put ourselves out to do things fbr other people - things that require time, energy, unselfishness, and thoughtfulness.When the Duke of Windsor was the Prince of Wales, he was to tour South America, and before he on that tour he spent months studying Spanish so that he could make public talks in the language of the country; and the South Americans _ him for it.For years I considered it important to find out the of my friends. How? Although I don't have faith in astrology （占星 术），I began by asking my friends whether he or she the date of one's birth has anything to do with and personality. I then asked him or her to tell me the month and day of birth. he or she said, "November 24,“fbr example,I kept to myself, "November 24, November 24.'The minute my friend back was , I wrote down the name andbirthday and would transfer （转写）it to a birthday book. At the beginning of each year, I had these birthday dates scheduled in my calendar pad so that they came to my automatically. When the birthday , there was my letter or telegram. What a big it was! I was frequently the only person on earth who If we want to make friends, let's people with enthusiasm. When somebody calls you on the telephone, say"Hello”in tones that suggest how you are to have the person call. Many companies train their telephone operators to greet all callers in a tone that shows interest and . The callers feel the company is about them. Let's remember that when we answer the telephone tomorrow.Showing a genuine in others not only wins friends for you, but may in its customers a loyalty to your company.1、A. planned2> A. carried out3、A. envied4、A. plans5、A. noticed6、A. characterB forcedB. worked outB criticizedB. birthdaysB. believedB. talentC permittedC. set outC. lovedC. worriesC caredC. habitsD. scheduledD turned outD expectedD. secretsD. imaginedD. beliefs7、A.IfB. SinceC. WhileD. Unlessl320> A. countingB proving C. explainingD. repeating17. B18. D19. C20. ASection II Reading Comprehension2、1. C2. A3. B4. D3、L B2. C3. A4. D4、1. A2. D3. B4. C5、1. C2. A3. B6、1. is believed2. to adapt3. . appearance4. being5. . happened6. more7. completely8. that/which9. a10. to7、1. going2. stages3. their4. Especially5. . independent6. will be taught7. what8. , from9. . to develop10. whereSection III Translation8、1. C2. A3. E4. G5. D9、1. F2. G3. A4. D5. E8、 A. hiddenB - coveredC. turnedD. examined9、A. instead10、A. attention11、A. arrived12、 A. record13、A. expected14、 A. praise15、A. peaceful16、A. surprise17、A. worried18、A. faith19> A. developPart A Directions:B, laterB controlB appearedB. challengeB. promisedB greetB - worriedB enthusiasmB curiousB prideB. prepareC. againC. touchC. lastedD. stillD supportD. passedC. embarrassment D. surpriseC. discoveredC. helpC pleasedC shockC carefulC. interestC. involveD. rememberedD. encourageD. nervousD. imaginationD. concernedD. understandingD. ShareSection II Reading ComprehensionRead the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark youranswers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Everybody hates it, but everybody does it. A recent report said that 40%of Americans hate tipping. In America alone,tipping is a $ 16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting politely ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service.Tips should not exist. So why do they? The common opinion in the past was that tips both rewarded the efforts of good service and reduced uncomfortable feelings of inequality. And also, tipping makes for closer relations. It went without saying that the better the service, the bigger the tip.But according to a new research from Cornell University, tips no longer serve any useful function. The paper analyzes numbers they got from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The connection between larger tips and better service was very weak. Only a tiny part of the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service.Tipping is better explained, by culture than by the money people spend. In America, the custom came into being a long time ago. It is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In New York restaurants, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean dissatisfaction from the customers. Hairdressers can expect to get 15%-20%, and the man who delivers your fast food $ 2. In Europe, tipping is less common. In many restaurants the amount of tip is decided by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. Only a few have really taken to tipping. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers, author, countries in which people are more social or outgoing tend to tip more. Tipping may reduce anxiety about being served by strangers. And Mr. Lynn says, "In America, where people are expressive and eager to mix up with others, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off”1、This passage is mainly about .A. different kinds of tipping in different countriesB. the relationship between tipping and customC , the origin and present meaning of tippingD . most American people hate tipping2、Which of the following best explains the underlined phrase “caught on”?A. become popular.B. been hated.C. been stopped.D. been permitted3、Among the following situations, in your opinion, who is likely to tip most?A. A Frenchman just quarreled with the barber who did his hair badly in New York.B. An American just had a wonderful dinner in a well known restaurant in New York.C. A Japanese businessman asked for a pizza delivery from a Pizza Hut in New York.D. A Chinese student enjoyed his meal in a famous fast food restaurant in New York.4、We can infer from this passage that .A. tipping is no longer a good way to satisfy some customers themselvesB , tipping is especially popular in New YorkC , tipping in America can make service better nowD. tipping has something to do with people's characterText 2Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful,there's a natural impulse to catch and own it-which means, in this day and age,that we can't help reaching for our phones to take a picture when seeing beautiful things.Though this would seem to be a wonderful solution,there are two big problems about taking pictures.Firstly, we're likely to be so busy taking the pictures that we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest inspire us to take a photograph in the first place.And secondly?because we feel the pictures are safely stored in our phones,we never get around to look at them.These problems would seem to be very much of today,a consequence of the tiny phones in our pockets.But they were noticed right at the beginning of the history of photography,when the average camera was the size of a grandfather clock.The first person who noticed them was the English art critic,John Ruskin.He was a travelling lover who realized that most tourists failed to notice or remember the beautiful things they saw.He argued that humans have a born tendency （倾向）to respond to beauty and desire to keep it,but that there are bad expressions of this desire.At worst,we get into buying souvenirs or taking photographs.But,in Ruskin's eyes, there*s one thing we should do and that is attempting to draw the interesting things we see,and it doesn't matter whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.Before the invention of photography,people used to draw far more than they do today.lt was an active necessity. But in the mid-19th century,photography killed drawing.lt became something only "artists" would ever do,so Ruskin spent four years on a campaign to get people drawing again.So if drawing had value even when it was practiced by people with no talent,it was for Ruskin because drawing can teach us to notice properly rather than watch absent-mindedly（心不在焉地）.When describing what lies before our eyes with our own hands,we naturally move from a position of observing beauty in a loose way to one where we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.1、What does the underlined word "impulse” mean?A. Interest. B. Urge.C. Habit. D. Reaction.2、What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. An effective solution to storing something nice.B , Reasons for taking pictures in the first place.C. Problems related with taking photos.D. Methods of storing pictures in phones.3、It can be inferred that John Ruskin.A. lived at the origin of photographyB lived at the origin of drawingC. studied the history of photographyD. was an English literature critic4、How did John Ruskin advise us to remember our travel?A. By taking photographs.B , By buying meaningful souvenirs.C. By writing some travel notes.D. By trying drawing what we see.Text 3Lack of inexpensive, reliable energy delivery is one of the chief barriers to growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa.Nearly seventy percent of people living in the region lack access to electricity, forcing them to spend significant amounts of their income on costly and unhealthy forms of energy such as diesel （柴油）fuel to run generators and kerosene （煤油）for lanterns.But if there is one thing Africa is not lacking, it is sunshine. And that means a lot; indeed, fbr some of the world's poorest people, it makes all the difference in the world.A little more than a year ago, Power Africa a U.S. Government initiative （倡议）coordinated by the U. S. Agency for International Development, or USAID and Power Africa's partners, the United Kingdom Department for International Development, Shell Foundation, and the African Development Bank, started the Scaling Off-Grid Energy Grand Challenge for Development, with a focus on pay-as-you-go solar home systems. The Challenge's goal is to provide 20 million ofl-grid （离网） households in sub-Saharan Africa with clean, affordable electricity by 2030. So far, the Challenge has made 40-plus investments in early-stage, off-grid energy companies, which are expected to result in some 4.8 million new electrical connections.One reason for the success of the start-up companies that have won grants （资助）from the Challenge is the fact that the cost of solar technology is falling fast, so it is within the means of those who live away from traditional power grids. And thanks to the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing, they can purchase the solar power-generating equipment they need and pay for it in daily installments （分期彳寸款）from their telephones, for as little as 15 cents a day.Thanks to these technological and financial innovations （创新）,many people are getting electricity for the first time every day. In these newly-electrified communities, businesses can boom, clinics can safely store vaccines and students may study long after dark. Indeed, access to clean and reliable electricity can enable entire communities to escape the cycle of extreme poverty.1、What is the main problem people in sub-Saharan Africa are faced with, according to Paragraph 1?A. They are lack of electricity.B. They are lack of diesel fuel and kerosene.C. They are lack of money. D. They are lack of sunshine. 2、What's the aim of Power Africa? A , To make people richer.B. To make people healthier.C. To provide people with clean food and water.D. To provide people with inexpensive electricity.3、Which is NOT the reason for the success of the start-up companies?A. The cost of solar technology is dropping.B They live away from traditional power grids.C. They can use the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing.D. They can pay for the equipment in daily low installments.4、The text is especially helpful for those who care about.A. agricultureB. environmentC. technologyD. educationText 4Police around the world have for almost 100 years relied on lie detectors to help spot criminals. But there has long been much skepticism in the scientific and legal communities about the lie detector's reliability. Hopefully, it could soon be no longer in use.Researchers in Britain and the Netherlands have made a breakthrough, developing a more reliable method to help conduct interviews. Rather than just record changes in pulse, blood pressure, sweating and breathing, the new system involves monitoring full-body motions to provide an indicator of signs of guilty feelings.There is a basic fact that liars tend to keep moving their hands and feet and so an all-body motion suit will pick this up. The suit contains 17 sensors that record movement in 23 joints up to 120 times per second.“The lie detector has been around since the 1920s and by measuring physiological stress caused by anxiety, you can only get a success rate of about 60%.”, said Ross Anderson, professor of security engineering at Cambridge University.He said the new method, by contrast, achieved a reliability rating of over 70% and he was quite sure that they would be able to do better. In one of their experiments, the team has already achieved more than 80%.The experiment involved 180 students and employees at Lancaster University, of which half were told to tell the truth and half to lie. They were each paid £ 7.50 for their participation in the 70-minute experiment, involving two test.Some were interviewed about a computer game “Never End“ that they played fbr seven minutes, while others lied about playing it having only been shown notes about it.The second test involved a lost wallet containing £ 5. Some were asked to bring the wallet to a lost-and-found box while others hid it and lied about it."Overall, we correctly classified 82.2% of the interviewees as either being truthful or dishonest.”, the report said.But the use of all-body suits is expensive - they cost about £ 30,000 - and can be uncomfortable, so Anderson and his colleagues are now looking at low-cost alternatives.1、 The researchers used the all-body motion suit to.A , discover people's joint problemsB. record people's changes in their healthC. help find out interviewees9 mental activitiesD. prevent liars from moving their hands and feet2、What is the main disadvantage of the lie detector?A. It has a low success rate B. It is very uncomfortableC. It is too complex to use D. It costs a lot of money3、How does Anderson feel about the new method?A. Confused B. Con