【中考英语 高频考点】14 情态动词(原卷及答案).docx
14情态动词高频考点小贴土:根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知,今年该部分追逐将是重点考查点 之一。其考查重点为:1、情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答。2、情态动词表示猜测的用法。3、will与shall的用法。4、need作为情态动词与实意动词的区分。(1)表示能力0Can you speak Spanish?(2)表示"请求允许”,多用于口语中Can I help you?我可以帮你吗?表示“允许“表示“允许(做某事)",与may的意思相 近,在日常Eg: o You can park your car he re .你可以把车停在这里。表请求和能力表示过去的能力”could/ / When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest.表示委婉的请求©/-;- Could you show me the way?表示请求表示意愿自愿做或主动提出做什么,如意志、愿望或决心等。I will help you if you meet with trouble.在表否定的句子中,表示不必”, 还可以说don 't have tooWill you come this way, please?(1) erYou neednzt come if you are busy.need 在疑问句和肯定句中,表示需要Need I come tomorrow?No,you needn't./Yes,you must.征求对方的意见May I use your phone?我可以用你的电话吗?(2)表示同意用于陈述句,表示同意别人做You may come if you wish.-Thank you. I wont ()A. can'tB. mustC. needn't参考译文:-在我们城市有一个新的艺术博物馆。你不要错过它。-谢谢。我不会的。答案详解:根据语境,设空处表“不要”,用以提出建议,因此设空处应用canl符合语境。B项表“必须“;C项表”不需要“;均不符合语境。所以选:Ao2. you hear someone crying? Let's go and see whafs happening.()A. MayB. NeedC. CanD. Must参考译文:你听到有人在哭吗?我们去看看发生了什么。答案详解:根据语境,设空处表”你能听见因此设空处应用情态动词can,这里 与感官动词hear连用,符合语境。所以选:Co3. you raise your feet off the floor? Pd like to see if my pen is under the desk.( )A. MustB. CanC. ShouldD. May参考译文:你可以把脚抬离地面吗?我想看看我的钢笔是否在课桌下面。答案详解:must必须,表示责任或者义务;can能,可以,表示能力或者请求,表示请 求时多用在询问客观上是否“可以“;should应该,常用来提建议;may可以,表示请求, 多用于征求对方意见,用在疑问句时,主语常常是I。所以选:Bo4. Wetry our best to fight against pollution.()A. shouldB. mayC. mustn'tD. needn't参考译文:我们应该尽我们最大的努力与污染作斗争。答案详解:A应该,B可能,可以,C不许,禁止,D不必,根据汉语意思:我们应该 尽我们最大的努力与污染作斗争。所以选:Ao5. Peopletalk on a mobile phone while they are driving.()A. shouldn'tB. needn'tC. mustD. can参考译文:人们开车时不应该打电话。答案详解:A不应该,B不需要,C必须,D能,根据常识开车打电话是不应该做的。 所以选:Ao6. There is a knock at the door. It my mom. Its time for her to be backhome.()A. may beB. may not be C. must beD. mustn't be参考译文:有人敲门,一定是妈妈.该是她回家的时候了.答案详解:may be可能是;may not be可能不是;must be准是;mustn't be 一定不是.由 题干的最后一句可知,说话人猜测敲门人的把握很大,因此只有must be符合本题意思.所以选:Co7. 一 Whose magazine is this?It be Nancy* s. Look! Her name is on its cover (封面).()A. mustB. can* tC. mustn't参考译文:-这是谁的杂志? -一定是南希的.看!他的名字在封面上。答案详解:must在表示肯定推测时,通常译成”一定,准是”,把握很大;can't在表示 否定推测时,通常译成“不可能”把握很大;mustn't决不能,表示禁止。由答语的后一句 意思可知说话人肯定的把握很大,因此本题正确答案是A。所以选:Ao8. You'd better share(分享) the good news with your friends.参考译文:你最好和你的朋友分享这个好消息.答案详解:答案:share.根据汉语提示“分享“,可知单词为share(动词).根据“Youd better% 可知其后接动词的原形形式.所以答案是share.9. - Whose T - shirt is this, Michael?-It not be mine. Mine is white.()A. needB. canC. must参考译文:- -迈克尔,这是谁的T恤?-不可能是我的。我的是白色的。答案详解:need答不必,cant不可能,mustrft禁止。根据"Mine is white我的是白色的” 可知是不可能,表示否定猜测用cant。所以选:Bo10. The man in my room be my brother. He is still in France.()A. couldn*tB. mustn*tC. needn*tD. can't参考译文:我房间里的那个人不可能是我哥哥,他还在法国。答案详解:根据后半句汉语意思:他还在法国。说明不可能是我哥哥,cant不可能。所 以选:D。11. 一 Must we finish our reading tasks now ?一 No, you. You finish it after school.()A. needn't; mayB. mustn't; mayC. can't; canD. needn't; must参考译文:-我们现在必须完成阅读任务吗?-不,你不必。放学后你可以完成它。答案详解:第一个空,Must开头的一般疑问句,否定回答用No,主语+neednt”不,某 人不必。"B/C不正确。第二个空,”不必现在完成阅读任务“,“可以“放学后你完成。填 may。D不正确。所以选:A。12. 一 Mom, must I tidy my room right now?No, you. You can do it after breakfast.()A. needn'tB. mustn'tC. can*tD. shouldn*t参考译文:一妈妈,我必须现在整理房间吗?一不,你不需要。你可以在早餐后做它。答案详解:以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答是:Yes,主语+must.否定回答是:No, 主语+needn't 或者 No,主语+dont/doesnt have to.所以选:A。13. Must I return this book before Friday, Sir?一No, you,dear. You can keep it for two weeks.()A. can'tB. shouldn'tC. mustn'tD. needn't参考译文:一先生,我必须在星期五之前还这本书吗?一不,不必。亲爱的,你可以借两个星期。答案详解:题干是一个以must开头的一般疑问句,根据以must开头的一般疑问句,肯 定回答是:Yes,主语+must.否定回答是:No,主语+neednt或者No,主语+dont/doesnt have to.所以选:Do14. In the library you draw or write in the books, or you will be fined.()A. mustn'tB. needn*tC. wouldn'tD. couldn't参考译文:在图书馆里,禁止在书上画画或写字,否则你会被罚款。答案详解:A禁止,B不必,C不会,D不能,根据语境和常识,在图书馆里,禁止在 书上画画或写字,否则你会被罚款。所以选:Ao15. - Ought we to pay the bill right now? - No, you.()A. ought notB. ought not toC. ought to notD. not ought to参考译文:我们应该马上付帐吗?不,不应该.答案详解:ought to是一个比较特殊的情态动词,因为它有两个词构成.它后面接动词 原形,意思是"应该:否定句是在。ught后面加上not, 一般疑问句是把。ught提前, 回答时用ought to或ought not to.所以选:B.16. You'd better some popcorn or soft drinks before the film begins.But I think it's better anything while watching the film.()A. buy; not to eatB. to buy; not to eatC. buy; to eat参考译文:一你最好在电影开场前买点爆米花或饮料。但我认为看电影时最好不吃东西。答案详解:第一空,had better+do sth.最好做某事;第二空,it*s better (not) +to do sth. 最好(不)做某事;符合这两个固定搭配表达的只有A项。所以选:Ao17. - I have a stomachache. What should I do?-You drink warm water and eat too much.()A. had better to; had better notB- should; had better not toC should; had better notD. shouldn't; should参考译文:-我胃疼。我应该做什么?-你应该喝温水,最好不要吃太多。答案详解:had better表示最好,后跟动词原形,had better (not) do sth,表示最好(不 要)做某事。should表示应该。根据题干中I have a stomachache,可知胃疼应该喝温水, 最好不要吃太多,则第一空填写should,第二空填写had better not。所以选:Co18. 一Selina, I want to learn something about the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing.一Frank know it, because he cares best about it.()A. has toB. mustC. can*tD. might参考译文:-Selina,我想了解一些关于北京冬季奥运会的事情。- Frank一定知道,因为他最关心它。答案详解:has to不得不;must一定;cant不可能;might可能。根据”因为他最关心它。”可知,Frank”一定"知道北京冬季奥运会的事情。填must。所以选:B。19. Oh, I forgot to bring my English book with me.一 Don*t worry. You use mine.()A. shouldB. mustC. canD. have to参考译文:-哦,我忘记带我的英语书了。-别担心。你可以用我的。答案详解:A. should应该;B. must必须;C. can可以;D. have to不得不。根据题 干,可知是指-哦,我忘记带我的英语书了。-别担心。你可以用我的。所以选:Co20. The girl is really clever. She speak two foreign languages.()A. canB. mustn*tC. can'tD. need参考译文:这女孩真聪明。她会说两种外语。答案详解:can会;mustn't禁止;can't不能;need需要。根据”这女孩真聪明。她 说两种外语。”可知,应该是”会、表示有某方面的能力,填can。所以选:Ao21. - Look, the lady in red be our English teacher.-No, she be. She is in the office now.()A. must; can'tB. can; mustn'tC. may; mustn'tD. shall; can't参考译文:-看!这个穿红色衣服的女士一定是我们的英语老师.-不,她不可能是,她现在在办公室.答案详解:答案:A根据题干,可知考查情态动词表猜测,通过前面的No,说明第二个空是否定猜测,否定 猜测用can匕故排除BC;第一个句子是表示肯定的猜测;shall不表示猜测,所以不合 题意,所以选A.22. - Is the man over there Mr. Brown?It him. He has gone to Brazil to watch the 2014 World Cup.()A. may notB. can't beC. shouldn'tD. mustn't参考译文:-那边那个男人是布朗先生吗? -不可能是他.他去巴西看2014世界杯了.答案详解:A可能不;B 一定不;C不应该;D必须不.结合后面的句意”他去巴西看 2014世界杯了“可知“一定不是”,B项正确.所以选:Bo23. When our parents become too old to take care of themselves one day, they belooked after well by us.()A. shouldB. shouldn'tC. mayD. may not参考译文:当我们的父母有一天老得不能照顾自己时,我们应该好好照顾他们。答案详解:should应该;shouldn't不应该;may可能;may not可能不。根据”当我们的 父母有一天老得不能照顾自己时,我们好好照顾他们。”可知,表示建议填should”应 该”。所以选:Ao24. To keep children safe, we put the things like knives and medicine away in ourhouse.()A. mayB. shouldC. canD. might参考译文:为了保护孩子的安全,我们应当把房子里像刀子、药一类的东西收起来放好. 答案详解:答案:B.根据题意”为了保护孩子的安全,我应当把房子里像刀子、药一类的东西收起来放好”, 可知这是一种给家长的建议,表示建议用should,意思是应当,结合选项,A.可以B.应 当C可以D可能,所以选B.25. , -The boy under the tree be Tom.-No, it be Tom. I saw him enter the teachers1 office just now.()A. may; needn'tB. can; mustn'tC. must; can*t参考译文:-树下的那个男孩一定是汤姆。-不,不可能是汤姆。我刚才看见他进了教师办公室。答案详解:此题先考虑第二个空,根据”我刚才看见他进了教师办公室。”可知,树下的“不可能”是汤姆。表示否定推测用cant。A/B不正确。第一个空,填must“一定”。所以 选:Co26. - Have you decided which high school to choose?-Not yet. I go to Guangming High School.()A. mustB. shouldn'tC. mayD. needn't参考译文:你已经决定选择哪个高中了吗?-还没有决定,我可能要去光明高中.答案详解:答案:C根据题意“Not yet还没有决定、可知没确定选哪个高中,是一种没有确定性因素的猜测, 结合选项,A. 一定B.不应当C.可能D.不需要,所以选C.27. - Must water the flowers now? -No, you . You do it later.()A. mustn' 3 mustB. mustn1 t, mayC. needn' 3 mayD. needn' t must参考译文:-这些花必须现在浇吗?-不,你不需要,你可以以后再做.答案详解:本题考查的是情态动词的用法,对must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答应该 是needn匕must是一定、必须的意思,may是可以的意思,结合答案选项,所以选:C。28. 一 Linda, I'm afraid we can*t complete the model spaceship this afternoon.一 Well. We finish it today. Ifs fine if we give it to Mr Wang tomorrow.()A. can*tB. needn*tC. mustn'tD. shouldn*t参考译文:-琳达,恐怕我们今天下午不能完成太空船模型。-嗯。我们今天不必完成它。如果我们明天给王老师也是可以的。答案详解:cant不可能;need答不必;mustn't禁止;shouldn't不应该。根据"如果我们 明天给王老师也是可以的。”可知,今天“不必”完成它。所以选:Bo29. The shirt isn't dirty. You wash it.()A. aren'tB. doesn'tC. needn't参考译文:这件衬衫没有脏。你不必洗它。答案详解:aren't不是;doesn!t不;needn't不必。根据The shirt isn't dirty.”这件衬衫没有 脏。“可知,你“不必”洗它。所以选:Co30. - - I'm afraid I can't finish the paper on time.-Don't worry. You complete it today. You can hand it in tomorrow.()A. can' tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't参考译文:-我恐怕不能按时完成试卷了。-不用担心。你今天没有必要完成。你可以明天交上。答案详解:A.不能;B.禁止;C.不应该;D.不必要。根据后面的句子"You can hand it in tomorrow”可知,既然是可以明天交,那么就是说“今天没有必要完成",用neednt。所以 选:D。31. Youreturn the book today. You may give it back in a week.()A. can'tB. mustn*tC. needn'tD. won*t参考译文:你今天不必还书。你可以在一周内归还。答案详解:cant不能;mustn't禁止;needn!t不必;won't不将会。根据You may give it back inaweek.”你可以在一周内归还。”可知,今天“不必”还书。所以选:Co32. Drunk driving is against the law now. It be forbidden.()A. mayB. mustC. canD. might参考译文:酒驾有悖于法律,它必须被禁止.答案详解:答案:B.通过语境可得知,本题考查的是情态动词的用法.根据句意酒驾 有悖于法律,所以下一句应该表达为酒驾必须被禁止,而不是可能被禁止或者能够被禁 止.must汉语意思为“必须",所以选must,这是常识题.may:可以,can:能够,might, 可能.这几个单词意思语气不够强硬,不能够用在本句中.所以选:Bo33. - It's said a pianist will perform at Poly Theater on Friday evening. Is it Lang Lang?-Yes, it him. He for a week.()A. must be; has arrived hereB. maybe; has been hereC. must be; has been hereD. maybe; has arrived here参考译文:-据说在星期五晚上在保利剧院有一个钢琴家将要表演.那会是朗朗吗?-是的,一定是他.他已经在这呆了一周了.答案详解:for a week (for+时间段)一般用在现在完成时中,并且动词是延续性动词, 可持续一周.故应用be而不用arrive.因he为第三人称单数,故用has,可知此空用has been here.又因为he has been here for a week.(他已经在这呆了一周了)可知前面是表示 肯定的推测,应用mustbe.所以选:Co34. We need clean air and water, so we protect the environment.()A. canB. mayC. mustD. might参考译文:我们需要干净的额空气和水,因此我们必须保护环境.答案详解:答案:C根据题意”我们需要干净的空气和水”,可知我们必须要保护好环境才能有干净的水和空 气,结合选项,A.可以B.可以C.必须D.可能,所以选:C.35. Youkeep the water running all the time, because you are wasting water.()A. ought toB . not ought toC. ought not to参考译文:你不应该让水一直流动,因为你在浪费水。答案详解:ought to应该;not ought to不正确;ought not to不应该。根据”因为你在浪费 水。”可知,“不应该”让水一直流动。所以选:Co36. Youeat so many hamburgers. They will make you fat.()A. ought toB. ought notC. ought to notD. ought not to参考译文:你不应该吃这么多汉堡的。它们会使你发胖。答案详解:从后面的句子They will make you fat.(它们会使你发胖。)可知,作者不赞 成吃太多的汉堡,用ought not to do (不应该做.)。所以选:Do37. - Whatwe do in the theatre?-We keep quiet during the performance.()A. ought; shouldB. ought; should toC. should; oughtD. should; ought to参考译文:-我们应该在剧院做什么?-我们应该在表演期间保持安静。答案详解:ought to和should都表示应该,情态动词,后跟动词原形。根据题干可知第 一空询问我们应该在剧院做什么,结合选项第一空填写shouldO其次第二空处根据题干 可知我们应该在表演期间保持安静,结合选项第二空填写ought to。所以选:Do38. Tom, physics isn't so difficult. You be worried. Fm sure youll pass it next time.( )A. mustn'tB. don't have toC. can'tD. don't参考译文:汤姆,物理没那么难。你不必担心。我相信你下次会通过的。答案详解:mustn't禁止;don't have to不必;cant不能;don't不。根据"汤姆,物理没 那么难。”可知,你“不必”担心。填dont have to。所以选:Bo39. - Mom, I don't want to go to school with that ugly uniform.-But you, honey. It*s a rule, you know that.()A. canB. have toC. mayD. must参考译文:-妈妈,我不想穿着那套难看的校服上学。-但你必须这么做,亲爱的。这是一条规则,你知道的。答案详解:can"能够”;have to”不得不,必须”,表示一种客观需要,有“不得不“,”被迫 ”的含义。may"可能”;must”必须”,表示主观意识上的一种的义务和必要。根据“心a rule”和句意,可知表示客观上的必须。所以选:Bo40. - Usually we study in the classroom. But during the COVID - 19 pandemic (疫情期间), we study online.-Oh, yeah. But now we're back in the classroom.()A. couldB. have toC. will be ableD. can参考译文:-通常我们在教室里学习。但在新冠肺炎疫情期间,我们不得不在线学习。-哦,是的。但现在我们回到了教室。答案详解:could能;have to不得不;will be able将会能;can能。根据”但在新冠肺炎 疫情期间”,可知,我们“不得不”在线学习。所以选:Bo41. Your watch is broken. You buy a new one.()A had betterB. had better toC - had better notD . had better not to参考译文:你的手表坏了。你最好买一块新的。答案详解:句意:你的手表坏了。你最好买一块新的。根据上文Your watch is broken.(你 的手表坏了。)可知,应说你最好买一块新的。had better可用于给出建议,意为“最好”、 “应该“,后接动词原形,与情态动词should用法相似,所以横线处应填had better。所以 选:Ao42. - - I have a stomachache. What should I do?-You drink cold water and eat too much.()A. had better; had betterB. should; had betterC- had better not; shouldn'tD. shouldn't; should参考译文:-我胃痛。我该怎么办?-你最好不要喝冷水,也不要吃太多。答案详解:根据题干,可知第一空考查had better not do sth最好不要做某事;第二空考 查shouldn't do sth不应该做某事。所以选:Co43. If you want to relax, you can to some music.()A. try to listenB. listeningC. to listenD. try listening参考译文:如果你想放松,你可以尽力去听一些音乐。答案详解:can后跟动词原形;try to do sth”尽力做某事";listen to"听"。所以选:A。44. Mum, why do we have to wait at the crossing for such a long time?一For our safety, we be too careful.()A. mustn*tB. can'tC. shouldnlD. needn't参考译文:一一妈妈,为什么我们要在十字路口等这么长时间?一一为了我们的安全, 我们再怎么小心也不为过。答案详解:mustn't 禁止;can't 不能;shouldn't 不应该;needn't 不必。根据"For our safety, webe too careful.”可知,can't too”再也不为过"。所以选:B。45. - Listen! I think it be Mrs. Li singing in the next room.-It be her. I know she has already left for New York.()A. may, mustB. must, can'tC. must, mustn't参考译文:一听!我认为一定是李女士正在隔壁房间唱歌。一不可能是她。我知道她已经动身去纽约了。答案详解:may可以,可能;must必须,一定;cant不能,不可能;mustn't 一定不, 表示禁止做某事。根据后文"1 know she has already left for New York J我知道她已经动身去 纽约了。可知,不可能是李女士。因此第二空应是can匕排除A和C;同时第一空表示 推测,即听!我认为一定是李先生正在隔壁房间唱歌。因此用must。所以选:Bo46. 一 Mum, I've signed for a package. Whafs in it?一 Fm not sure. It be a present from your uncle.()A. can'tB. mustC. mayD. need参考译文:一妈妈,我签收了一个包裹,里面是什么?我不确定。可能是来自你叔叔的礼物。答案详解:canl不能,不可能;must必须,一定;may可以,可能;need必须,需要。 根据前文答语叮m not sure."(我不确定)可知,不确定包裹里是什么,推测可能是礼物, 因此用may表示不确定的推测。所以选:C。47. The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you worry aboutits weight.()A. mustB. mayC. can'tD. needn't参考译文:设计师尝试了所有可能的方法使机器人变轻,所以你不必担心它的重量.答案详解:must必须;may可以;cant不能;needn't不必.根据语境可知设计师尝试 了所有可能的方法使机器人变轻,所以你不必担心它的重量.所以选:Do48. 一Miss Li. I don't want to say sorry to Daniel.I'm afraid you. After all, you broke his glasses.()A. mayB. have toC. mustn'tD. needn't参考译文:一一李小姐。我不想向丹尼尔道歉。一一恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟,你打破Q)must表示必须”must表示必须;一定要,多指现在或将来的情 况,指说话人的主观语气,其否定形式表示禁止。mustshould;You must cut down on smoking.should表示应该“表示义务、职责等,往往表示 说话者的观点You shouldn't be so careless.can和be able to表示能力时用法相同, can can可用于一般现在时和一般过去时(could ),be able to be able to可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。have to的意思接近must,但must更强调说话者的 主观意愿。must _ have to强调客观上的必要性,常译为不得不"。; have to don' t have to 译为"不必”。肯定式 You need to be careful.I否定式 o You don't need to be so worried. 实义动词肯定疑问式。 Do I need to say my telephone numbere 否定 疑问式 ° again? Doesn't he need to come again?肯定式。If she wants anything, she need only ask.I否定式 e You needn't be so worried.情态动词4:.( 肯定疑I可式。 Need I say my telephone number again?否定疑问式 ° Needn't he come again?can表示可能性"(1),can表示推测,往往用于否定句或疑问句。That can't be Mary一she's in hospital.could表示可能性既可以表示过去的可能性, 也可以表示现在的可能性,比can的可能性要弱。 °/-He said the news could be true.表推测may表示可能性比can小。(3):Anna may know my phone number.(4)emu st表示肯定推测Jack and Dick must be twins.They look so much alike.口诀:e 肯定推测must,可能can与may,不可能用can't.1. - There is a new art museum in our city. You mis