句子结构总结(讲义）人教PEP版英语六年级下册.docx
句子结构知识点梳理一一简单句、并列句与复合句句子的分类（按结构）1 . 简单句 （simple sentence）2 .并歹U句（compound sentence）3 .复合句（complex sentence）简单句定义：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子 例句：1. She goes to work every day.2. Tom and I found her there.3. We all breathe,eat and work.4. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for wall newspapers.五种基本句型：1）主语+谓语（vi.）I work.我工作。2）主语+谓语（系动词）+表语John is busy.约翰忙。3)主语+谓语(vt.) +宾语She studies English.她学英语。4)主语+谓语(vt.) +宾语+宾补He always makes us laugh.5）主语+谓语（vt.） +间宾+直宾My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。并列句定义：由并列连词（如：and,so,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子例句：1 . I often help her and she helps me,too.2 . Harry likes eggs,but he doesn/t like chicken.3 .Use your head,and you'll find a way.4 .0ne day John was late,and his teacher was angry.5 .Not only you but also I was wrong.常用并列连词：,平彳亍并歹U连词：and, both.and, not only.but also,neither.nor,转折并列连词：but,however,while （然而）,yet （但是，然而）,因果并列连词：for, so,选择并歹 ll 连 i司：or,either., or,neither.nor复合句定义：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子，从句是主句的一部分。复合 句包括名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句、状语 从句。例句：1. I believe you are right.2. If he studies harder,he will pass the exam.3. The man who is playing basketball is my classmate.4. The reason is that I don't love you any more.5. What I need is enough money.6. The news that I have passed the English test is true.巩固练习一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句。1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a chair in the room.4. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.5. The pen that is on the table is mine.6. I like apples but my brother likes pears.7. The man who sits under the tree is my father.8. We should eat vegetables and do more exercise.9. If you go to the partyyou'll have a great time.10. I know what you did.二、用适当的并列连词填空1. Give me one more minute I will be able to finish it.2. There are many sports lovers in his office.Some love climbing, others love swimming.3. My mother gave me a gift,I like it very much.4. Lily is in trouble,I have to help her.5. John plays basketball well,his favourite sport is badminton.()答案: 一、1.简单句解析：只有一个主语（we）和一个谓语（study）2 .复合句解析：定于从句3 .简单句 解析：只有一个主语（there）和一个谓语（is）4 .并列句解析：两个简单句构成，有并列连词and5 .复合句解析：定语从句6 .并列句解析：两个简单句构成，有并列连词but7 .复合句解析：定语从句8 .并列句解析：两个简单句构成，有并列连词and9 .复合句解析：条件状语从句10 .复合句解析：宾语从句二、l.and解析：翻译为“给我一些时间 我会完成它"，没有转折或因果联系，属于平行并列关系，故填and2.while解析：翻译为“有许多运动爱好者在他的办公室。一些人喜欢攀爬，另 一些人喜欢游泳”，因为前后两群人喜欢的项目不一样，属于转折并列关系，故填while 3.and解析：翻译为“我妈妈送给我一个礼物，我喜欢这个礼物”，属于平行并 列关系，故填and4.so解析：翻译为“Lily有麻烦，我要去帮助她”，属于因果并列关系，故填s。5.C解析：翻译为“约翰打篮球打得很好，他最喜欢的运动是羽毛球”，由此可 知构成转折并列关系，应选C
