北京市第二中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）.docx

北京二中20222023学年度第六学段高一年级学段考试试卷英语第一部分：知识运用（30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在My mom is about to have a spinal （脊柱的）operation. The operation is1 minor, but does carry a risk ofparalysis （瘫痪）.Friends and family have reacted to this news by talking in such pessimistic terms that Mom has come to 2 this kind of talk as "psychological theft”. It occurs when other people increase your anxiety3 providing comfort.Last week Mom ran into Geoff who works for the local school. "How are you? he asked. "Not great/9 she replied, "I have been having some trouble with my back and I'm going to need an operation. “Oh, the back is the most 4 place to operate on! My mom had that and she was in terrible pain." He responded. Geoff's 5 had been kind. He'd given his own mother's story to show sympathy, 6 Mom only heard danger and pain.People could have alternative things that would be equally true, but more familiar to patients. "The specialists in our hospitals are among the best in the world."That's a good one. "You're going to feel much better7 That's another.I'm not suggesting patients should be 8 from the reality of the risks they're taking. But if the decision to have an operation can't really be 9, what's the purpose of stressing the10? Ifs just commonsense to say, “Get well soon, and how can I help?”1. A. definitelyB. unusuallyC. relativelyD. typically2 A.chooseB. labelC. employD. mistake3 A. in need of *B. in favor ofC. instead ofD. regardless of4. A. secureB. dangerousC. commonD. apparent5. A. intentionB. assumptionC. emotionD. description6. A. becauseB. asC. whenD. yet7. A. occasionallyB. permanentlyC. initiallyD. ultimately8. A. releasedB. deletedC. separatedD. sheltered9. A. acceptedB. madeC. avoidedD. reachedSome astronomers spend their entire careers looking for new discoveries in space, but a 1 O-year-old Canadian girl found one on her first try. In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, who often studied stars, was looking at recent pictures of outer space and comparing them to pictures taken years earlier. The pictures were just thousands of tiny spots of light, but Gray spotted a star that looked different in the recent pictures. Could it possibly be a supernova （超新星）？ Usually a supernova is brighter, and it becomes visible through a telescope due to the brightness. Later Gray's discovery was confirmed, and she became the youngest person to discover a supernova.Throughout history, important discoveries in astronomy have been made by amateurs. An early example is William Herschel, who discovered Uranus in 1781. Uranus had been observed before, but expert astronomers thought it didn't belong to our solar system. When Herschel saw it with a telescope he had designed and built himself, he realized that it was orbiting the sun. This meant that Uranus was a planet. And so, the map of our night sky was changed forever.Then in 1930, a major discovery was made by a 24-year-old man, a farmer's son, with no college education or formal training in astronomy. Clyde Tombaugh had built a homemade telescope using instructions from an article in a boy's magazine. He used to draw detailed pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter. He sent the pictures to Dr. V. M. Slipher at the Lowell Observatory, who was so impressed and offered him a job on his team. Within a year, Tombaugh discovered a ninth planet, Pluto. It was regarded as a planet for 76 years, but scientists decided in2006 that Pluto didn't meet all of the criteria for a true planet. It was then considered to be a dwarf planet.John Dobson is another influential amateur astronomer because he enabled so many others to take up astronomy as a hobby. In 1956, after constant attempts, he built a powerful telescope out of low-cost materials, such as paper tubes used in construction. With affordable tools like Dobson's telescope, more amateurs today have the technology that is needed to make discoveries of their own.40. How did Kathryn Gray discover the supernova?41. Why did Clyde Tombaugh get a job at the Lowell Observatoiy?42. Which of the amateur astronomers mentioned in the passage has impressed you most? Why? （about 40 words）第二节（共4小题；每小题4分，满分4分） 根据句意、中文提示和单词首字母，写出单词的正确形式，并将完整的单词答案书写在答题 纸的相应位置上。43. In the last two d（十年），the advanced technology has made people live longer.什艮据中英文提示填空）44. It's usually a common practice that j（刊物）websites offer readers their free online editions of articles and other information.（根据中英文提示填空）45. The chairman is quite familiar with the p（步骤）for conducting a meeting.（根据中英文提示填空）46. Unfortunately, the flight was p（延迟）on account of the bad weather.（根据中英文提示填空）第三节（共4小题；每小题1分，满分4分）请用方框中词组的正确形式完成句子，并将答案书写在答题纸的相应位置上，每个词组只使用一次。（方框 中有一个选项为多余选项）bring about figure out judge from （be） keen on run out47. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as Earth's natural resources.48. her accent, she must be from Scotland.49. The present situation is quite complicated, so I think it will take me some time to its reality.50. If you like astronomy, you may collecting stamps describing the stars, planets, space crafts,spacemen, etc.第四节书面表达（满分15分）51. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。2023年5月30日神舟十六号（Shenzhou 16 manned spaceship）发射 成功，并将于11月返航，你校电视台英文频道向学生征集以“中国航天”为主题的原创短视频。你打算邀请留学生Jim 一起完成作品。请你给他写邮件，内容包括：1 .征集要求；2 .作品初步想法；3 .询问意向。注意：1.词数100左右；4 .开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：神舟十六号：Shenzhou 16 manned spaceship 航天：aerospaceDear Jim,Yours,Li Hua10. A. drawbacksB. strengthsC. dimensionsD. procedures第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题分，共15分)A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。When you read the writings of Confucius, you will see a U (constant) recurring word, a Chinese character that represents the heart of Confucian thought: the character ren. What is ren? If you look closely at the2 (write) character, you can understand what it means. The left-hand element of the character represents a person, a human being; the element on the right stands fbr the number two. The two elements, when joined, indicate(relationship) between individuals, or with all of society.B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。An important symbol of China is the Chinese characters-hanzi. While this unique writing system has an ancient origin, it was standardised and unified by Emperor Qinshihuang. Since then, it 14 (be) one of the great things 5 (bind) the Chinese people together, and a symbol of Chinese national pride.Another popular symbol of China around the world is the Great Wall. It was originally built by Emperor Qinshihuang, and 6 (expand) afterwards. The part of the Great Wall most people are familiar with was built by the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, though.C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。China has made significant progress in space exploration 17 the past few years. The country's space program has achieved several milestones, including multiple missions launched by the Chang' e Lunar Exploration Program China has also launched its own space station, the Tiangong, which is expected(complete) by2022 and will be used to conduct long-term experiments in microgravity and host international collaborations. Chinese rocket manufacturers have developed new heavy-lift rockets, 9 (enable) more 20 (ambition) missions. Overall, China's achievements demonstrate a strong commitment to advancing its space program and making significant contributions to the global space community.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。FOBNCTATHKThe National Council for the Traditional Arts (NCTA) is a leading non-profit organization dedicated to the presentation and documentation of folk and traditional arts in the United States. The NCTA presents the nation's veiy finest artists in festivals, tours, international cultural exchanges, workshops, demonstrations and exhibitions, media productions, school programs, and other activities. It works in partnership with communities across America to establish new, sustainable traditional arts events that deliver lasting social and cultural benefits.The NCTA seeks Festival Support Staff for the 2020 festival season to provide office and on-site support for three large-scale festivals. Positions available include: Programming Administration AssistantThis is the perfect position for someone with an interest in history, arts management, cultural anthropology, and related fields.Responsibilities include programming research, marketing and promotion, and event organization. The position may also be responsible fbr press and photo document management, social media updates, and customer service.Qualified applicants will be detail-oriented and organized, with excellent people skills and a general interest in the traditional arts. Computer literacy is essential. The contract runs from May 1 to December 15. Festival AssistantThis is the perfect position fbr someone with an interest in arts, culture, and event logistics(后勤)who enjoys operating in a fast-paced, collegial small-office environment.The position provides festival staff support. Responsibilities include document creation, travel purchase, logistics support, data entry, and database maintenance.Qualified applicants will be outgoing and open-minded, with effective oral and written communication skills and computer literacy. Prior experience with festival planning is preferred. The contract runs from May 18 to October 30. Production AssociateThe production associate is a key member of the production team who will work closely with the production manager on all festival audio, backline, and lighting needs, from planning through implementation （实施）.The role will contribute to the following key tasks: advancing technical needs with artists, making tech books, accurate record-keeping, and working with the NCTA and festival staff to insure smooth on-site operations.Qualified applicants will be responsible and adaptable, with excellent people skills. Prior experience in concert production is preferred. The contract runs from June 15 to October 30.All Positions: Experience with database entry, Microsoft Office, and Adobe Acrobat is required. Must have a clean driving record, or reliable transportation. Some evenings, weekends, and travel are required.More details and how to apply at:.21. According to the passage, the NCTA.A. focuses on cultural and arts educationB. keeps a record of American traditional artsC. enjoys economic benefits from communitiesD. aims to help the artists in art-related activities22. The programming administration assistant will probably.A. plan and design programsB. create social networking websitesC. deal with complaints from customersD. photograph newspapers and documents23. What is the requirement for all the three positions?A. Driving skills.B. Working experience.C. Communication skills.D. Knowledge on traditional arts.BA blog posted Dec 7, 2018 at 12:17 PM by Alanna MallonAlanna Mallon is a Cambridge City Councilor.Each year in November, I receive a flurry of emails and texts from friends who want to volunteer with their families on Thanksgiving as a way to give back. I also field phone calls from organizations who want to donate to local programs that provide Thanksgiving meals.However, as an official who still works in the nonprofit sector, I also feel deeply anxious because I know the other 51 weeks of the year, these critical programs that provide food access to residents in need are starving for both volunteers and donations. Hunger is a year round problem, and each week volunteers are the necessary part to ensure that programs are able to serve the community.At Food For Free, we rely on about 100 volunteers per week, and each of those volunteers is extremely important to providing fresh, healthy food to people in the Greater Boston area who need it. School children whotake backpacks of food home on Fridays, community college students who rely on our Family Meals program to thrive in class, elderly and disabled residents who receive twice monthly deliveries of food to their doors through our Home Delivery program, they all rely on us ensuring enough volunteers show up to do the work.These volunteers don't show up in your social media feeds, they don't win awards and no one writes about them in the local newspapers. But they are heroes. And you can be too.If everyone made a promise to volunteer once a month, or even once a quarter, I know that we could reduce some of the anxiety these organizations feel, as a more reliable volunteer network allows them to focus on helping people, not filling volunteer slots.Here is a list of a few organizations who are doing critical work in Cambridge to address food insecurity. Offer your time to an organization, they will be deeply grateful-and I am going to bet that you will feel pretty good about yourself too.Food For Free:.CEOC:.Harvard Square Homeless Shelter:.Community Cooks:.24. What can be learnt from the first two paragraphs ?A. The food safety worries the author.B. Volunteers are needed all year round.C. Donations can be made through the Internet.D. People like getting together on Thanksgiving.25. Paragraph 3 is mainly aboutA. the need for fresh foodB. the duty of Food For FreeC. the value of voluntary workD. the difficult life of local people26. The passage is toA. call for actionB. express thanksD. introduce websitesC. advertise programsA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. Themechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perfonn controlled flight tasks.“It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components （元件）,“said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own J he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to J said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the