MarkusFischer_2011G[马库斯.菲舍尔][如鸟儿飞翔的机器人].pdf
www.XiYuS锡育软件It is a dream of mankind to fly like a bird.像鸟儿一样飞翔 是人类的一个梦想。00:12Birds are very agile.鸟儿敏捷灵活。00:17They fly,not with rotating components,so they fly only byflapping their wings.它们不需借助旋转构件即可飞翔,只要拍拍翅膀它们就能飞起来。00:19So we looked at the birds,and we tried to make a model thatis powerful ultralight,and it must have excellentaerodynamic qualities that would fly by its own and only byflapping its wings.所以我们仰望鸟儿,并尝试去建一个模型 这个模型必须超轻,并且具备卓越的空气动力性能 从而拥有通过扇动翅膀 来真正飞翔的能力。00:25So what would be better than to use the Herring Gull,in itsfreedom,circling and swooping over the sea,and to usethis as a role model?那么以什么鸟形建模好呢？银鸥,这种鸟可以自由地 在海面上空盘旋和俯冲,我们选择以此建模。00:43So we bring a team together.所以我们组建起一个团队。00:53There are generalists and also specialists in the field ofaerodynamics in the field of building gliders.他们中有兼通各领域的多面手 有空气动力学专家也有滑翔机制造专家。00:55agile:adj.敏捷的;机敏的;活泼的 rotating:adj.机旋转的/v.旋转;轮流(rotate的ing形式)ultralight:adj.超轻型的/n.超轻型飞机 aerodynamic:adj.空气动力学的,航航空动力学的 qualities:统计品质 Herring:n.鲱(又称青鱼)Gull:n.鸟鸥;笨人;易受骗之人/vt.骗;欺诈 circling:n.环骑/vt.盘旋,绕轨道运行(circle现在分词形式)swooping:vi.猛扑;突然袭击;突然下降;飞扑/n.猛扑;俯冲;突然袭击/vt.攫取;抓去 specialists:n.专家(specialist的复数);专科医生;特种经纪人 in the field of:在方面,在领域 aerodynamics:n.流气体力学;航航空动力学 gliders:n.航滑翔机(glider的复数);滑行者And the task was to build an ultralight indoor flying modelthat is able to fly over your heads.我们的任务是 建一个超轻的可在室内飞行的模型可以飞过你们的头顶。01:03So be careful later on.所以一会儿要小心咯。01:11And this was one issue:to build it that lightweight that noone would be hurt if it fell down.但这曾是一个问题:怎么把它造得非常轻 轻到如果它掉下来 不会伤到人。01:16So why do we do all this?为什么我们要这么做？01:25We are a company in the field of automation,and wed liketo do very lightweight structures because thats energyefficient.我们是一家从事自动化控制的公司,打算采用非常轻型的结构 因为这样更节能。01:27And wed like to learn more about pneumatics and air flowphenomena.而我们也想对 气体力学和气流现象了解更多。01:35So I now would like you to put your seat belts on and putyour hats on.现在希望诸位 系紧你们的安全带 带好头盔。01:41So maybe well try it once to fly a SmartBird.我们来尝试一次 放飞智能鸟吧。01:48Thank you.谢谢。01:53(Applause)（鼓掌）01:55(Applause)（鼓掌）02:11(Applause)So we can now look at the SmartBird.（鼓掌）现在我们可以 一睹智能鸟了。02:49So here is one without a skin.这里是一个没有外壳的。03:09later on:adv.后来;稍后;过些时候 lightweight:n.轻量级选手;无足轻重的人/adj.重量轻的;平均重量以下的 automation:n.自动化;自动操作 pneumatics:n.流气体力学;充气轮胎(pneumatic的复数形式)belts:n.皮带(belt的复数);带子/v.用皮带等围绕;用带扎牢(belt的三单形式)We have a wingspan of about two meters.它的翼展约为两米。03:12The length is one meter and six,and the weight,it is only 450grams.体长为一米六。而体重 只有450克。03:15And it is all out of carbon fiber.它整体都是碳纤维材料做的。03:23In the middle we have a motor,and we also have a gear in it.在中间有一个马达,和齿轮结构。03:26And we use the gear to transfer the circulation of the motor.我们利用齿轮 来转换马达的运动。03:32So within the motor,we have three Hall sensors,so we knowexactly where the wing is.马达上有三个霍尔传感器,那么我们就知道 翅膀的具体位置。03:37And if we now beat up and down.如果让这翅膀上下拍打的话03:46we have the possibility to fly like a bird.那我们就有可能 让它像鸟儿一样飞起来了。03:53TED演讲者：Markus Fischer|马库斯.菲舍尔演讲标题：A robot that flies like a bird|如鸟儿飞翔的机器人内容概要：Markus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial birdcapable of flying like a real bird.很多机器人都能飞-但是没有一个可以像一只真鸟儿那样真正飞翔。直到马库斯.菲舍尔(Markus Fischer)和他的团队在费斯托(Festo)成功造出智能鸟，这是一个大型，超轻，呈海鸥外形的机器人，如真鸟儿一样通过拍动翅膀飞行。看看它怎样在TEDGlobal2011大会上一飞冲天吧。So if you go down,you have the large area of propulsion.当俯冲的时候,它的推进面积足够大。03:57And if you go up,the wings are not that large,and it is easierto get up.同时上行的时候,翅膀也不是非常大,所以它比较容易爬升。04:00So,the next thing we did,or the challenges we did was tocoordinate this movement.所以下一个事情,或者说下一个挑战我们面对的 是如何协调这种运动。04:11wingspan:n.翼展;翼幅 grams:n.克(gram的复数形式)fiber:n.纤维;光纤(等于fibre)circulation:n.流通，传播；循环；发行量 sensors:n.自传感器,感应器;感测器(sensor的复数)up and down:上上下下;到处;前前后后;来来往往 propulsion:n.推进;推进力We have to turn it,go up and go down.我们必须使它飞上飞下。04:19We have a split wing.我们采用了分裂式翼。04:22With a split wing we get the lift at the upper wing,and weget the propulsion at the lower wing.通过分裂式的翅膀设计 使它通过上层翼得到升力,下层翼得到推进力。04:24Also,we see how we measure the aerodynamic efficiency.同时,我们也知道 如何测算出它的空气动力效能。04:32We had knowledge about the electromechanical efficiencyand then we can calculate the aerodynamic efficiency.我们必须掌握 电机效率 然后就能计算出 空气动力效能。04:37所以,从被动扭曲力转化为主动扭曲力,它的效能从30%提高到 80%。04:45Next thing we have to do,we have to control and regulatethe whole structure.下一件我们要做的,就是要控制和调整 整个结构。04:54Only if you control and regulate it,you will get thataerodynamic efficiency.只有控制和调整好它 才能得到预期的空气动力效能。05:00So the overall consumption of energy is about 25 watts attakeoff and 16 to 18 watts in flight.所以整体能量消耗 大概是起飞25瓦 飞行是16到18瓦特。05:06Thank you.谢谢05:15(Applause)Bruno Giussani:Markus,I think that we should flyit once more.（鼓掌）布鲁诺朱桑尼:马库斯,不如我们再放飞一次怎么样。05:17Markus Fischer:Yeah,sure.马库斯菲舍尔:当然。05:26(Laughter)（笑声）05:28(Gasps)（惊叹）05:50(Cheers)（欢呼）05:59watts:n.瓦特(功率单位)takeoff:起飞/开始/起跳/起跳的,起飞的(Applause)（鼓掌）06:01*Warning:本文是由生成导出，请用于个人学习，不要用于商业用途。否则，导致的一切法律后果，均由您个人承担，锡育软件概不负责。*
