Unit 3 A day out 第 3 课时 Grammar（教师版）-八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）.docx

Unit 3 A day out 第3课时 Grammar八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版） 知识精讲一、(not)asadj. as结构 1. 当两个比较对象在某方面程度相同，即AB时，用“ as形容词原级as”结构，表示“与一样”。English is as important as Maths. 英语和数学一样重要。2. 当两个比较对象中，在某方面一方不及另一方，即A<B时，用“less形容词原级than”结构。或“not as/so形容词原级as”结构，表示“A不如B”。Tom is not as friendly as Jim. Tom is less friendly than Jim. 汤姆没有吉姆友好。二、反身代词1. 反身代词形式人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself；herself；itselfthemselves记忆小贴士：单数后面加self，复数后面加selves；、二人称前半用形代；第三人称前半用宾格。2. 反身代词的用法(1)反身代词可以用来强调句中某个名词或代词，意为“本身；亲自；本人”。此时，反身代词通常位于名词或人称代词之后作主语或宾语的同位语，即使去掉反身代词，也不影响句子的完整性和大意。Can you cook the supper yourself? 你可以自己做晚饭吗？(2)反身代词可以表示它与句中的某个人是同一个人，通常在句中作宾语，此时反身代词不能省略，否则句子将不完整，句意不明确。Millie is too young to look after herself. 米莉太小而不能照顾自己。(3)反身代词有时也可以放在系动词之后作表语，表示身体或精神方面的状态。Jim isn't himself today. 吉姆今天不在状态。(4)反身代词可以和一些介词或动词搭配构成固定短语。含有反身代词的常用短语：3. 拓展：hurt oneself 伤害自己 enjoy oneself玩得高兴look after oneself照顾自己 learn by oneself 自学teach oneself自学 help oneself(to)随便dress oneself自己穿衣服 come to oneself苏醒improve oneself提高自己 lose oneself in沉溺其中keep. . . to oneself保守秘密 buy oneself给自己买Lucy went shopping by herself last night. 露西昨晚独自去购物了。We enjoyed ourselves at the party yesterday. 昨天我们在聚会上玩得很高兴。Help yourselves to some bread. 请随便吃些面包。能力拓展一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1Jane, you cant go home by _ (you) after 10 p.m. Its dangerous.【答案】yourself【详解】句意：简，晚上10点以后你不能一个人回家，这很危险。独自：by oneself；根据“Jane”可知you 是单数，对应的反身代词是yourself，你自己。故填yourself。2All of us enjoyed _ (us) at my fathers birthday party that day.【答案】ourselves【详解】句意：那天在我父亲的生日聚会上，我们大家都玩得很开心。enjoy oneself玩得愉快，us的反身代词是ourselves，意为“我们自己”。故填ourselves。3The lovely boy often dresses _ (he) up as Monkey King.【答案】himself【详解】句意：这个可爱的男孩经常把自己打扮成美猴王。把自己打扮成什么样子：dress oneself up as；he，主格代词，对应的反身代词是himself。故填himself。4They enjoyed _ (oneself).【答案】themselves【详解】句意：他们玩得很开心。enjoy oneself玩得高兴，固定短语；分析句子可知，宾语和主语they“他们”是同一对象，需用themselves。故填themselves。5If we can take better care of _ (us), our parents will be less worried about us.【答案】ourselves【详解】句意：如果我们能更好地照顾自己，我们的父母就不会那么担心我们了。根据“less worried about us”可知我们能更好地照顾自己，空处应用反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。6I am as _ (happy) as you.【答案】happy【详解】句意：我和你一样快乐。asas表示“如一样”，中间接形容词或副词原级，系动词am后接形容词作表语，故填happy。7Tina is as _ (beautifully) as Lily.【答案】beautiful【详解】句意：蒂娜像莉莉一样漂亮。分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，后接形容词作表语，beautifully“漂亮地”是副词，与其所对应的形容词是beautiful“漂亮的”；“as+形容词原级+as”为固定结构，故填beautiful。8Tim's bedroom is as _ (tidy) as Jack's.【答案】tidy【详解】句意：蒂姆的卧室和杰克的一样整洁。此处在句中作表语，构成“as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“和一样”，故填tidy。9John plays football as _(good) as his brother Jack.【答案】well【详解】句意：约翰踢足球和他哥哥杰克一样好。play是动词，需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和英文提示，good的副词形式为well，表示“好地”，as well as和一样好，故填well。10My friend Emma doesn't write as _(good) as her brother.【答案】well【详解】句意：我的朋友艾玛写得不如她哥哥好。as+形容词/副词+as，表示“和一样”，用于同级比较。write是动词，需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填well。 分层提分题组A 能力提升练11Kitty is very good at musical instrument (乐器).I think so. She can play the guitar almost _ her teacher.Aas good asBas well asCso good asDso well as【答案】B【详解】句意：基蒂很擅长乐器。我也这样认为。她弹吉他几乎和她的老师弹得一样地好。考查副词的原级比较。根据“I think so.”可知是她弹吉他几乎和老师弹得一样好。asas“和一样”，中间用形容词/副词原级，变否定句时用not soas；本题中play是动词，因此要用副词来修饰，well是副词，good是形容词，故选B。12If you listen to the teacher as _ as your sister, you will learn this subject well.AcarefulBmore carefulCcarefullyDmore carefully【答案】C【详解】句意：如果你像你姐姐一样认真听老师讲课，你就会学好这门学科。考查副词原级。careful仔细的，形容词原级；more careful更仔细的，形容词比较级；carefully仔细地，副词原级；more carefully更仔细地，副词比较级。asas表示“如一样”，中间接形容词或副词原级，此空修饰动词listen to，要用副词，故选C。13Sandys handwriting is _, if not better than, Mike.Aas good asBas well asCnot as good asDnot as well as【答案】A【详解】句意：桑迪的书法如果不比迈克更好，也是和他一样好。考查短语辨析。as good as和一样好； as well as也；not as good as不及；not as well as不如。本句比较了桑迪和迈克的书法，这里应用形容词good作表语，排除选项B和D；结合“ if not better than”可知，作者认为桑迪的书法和迈克一样好。故选A。14She is as _as Lilei.AfriendlyBmore friendlyCfriendlierDfriendliest 【答案】A【详解】句意：她和李蕾一样友好。考查形容词原级。asas“像一样”，中间应接形容词或副词的原级；此处应是形容词原级friendly。故选A。15Tom is not as _ at sports as Bill.AgoodBwellCbetterDbest【答案】A【详解】句意：汤姆的体育运动不如比尔好。考查形容词原级。good好的，形容词原级；well好地，副词原级；better更好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级；根据“not as.as”可知，此处是原级的比较，空格处作表语，应用形容词原级形式，故选A。16Can you help me? I cant reach the book _.AmeBmyCyourselfDmyself【答案】D【详解】句意：你能帮我吗？我自己够不着这本书。考查反身代词。me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“你能帮助我吗？”可知，我自己够不着这本书，表达“我自己”用myself。故选D。17Do you think Peter is a generous boy?No. He always thinks of _ more than others.AheBhisChimDhimself【答案】D【详解】句意：你认为Peter是个大方的男孩吗？不，他总是想他自己比别人多。考查代词辨析。he他，主格代词；his他的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据空后“more than others”可推测出，空处代词是“他自己”。故选D。18When you both get into trouble, dont give up but cheer _up.AourselvesBhimselfCyourselvesDmyself【答案】C【详解】句意：当你们都处于麻烦中的时候，不要放弃，而要让你们自己振作起来。考查反身代词。ourselves我们自己；himself他自己；yourselves你自己，你们自己；myself我自己。根据“When you both”可知表达的是让你们自己振作起来，用反身代词yourselves。故选C。19Did they have a good time at the party?Yes. They enjoyed _.AthemselvesBmyselfCyourselvesDherself【答案】A【详解】句意：他们在聚会上过得很愉快吗？是的，他们玩得很开心。考查反身代词。themselves 他（她、它）们自己；myself 我自己；yourselves 你们自己；herself她自己；enjoy oneself“过得愉快、玩得开心”；主语they，其相应的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。20When children grow up, they have to learn how to take care of _ and be independent.AtheyBthemCtheirDthemselves【答案】D【详解】句意：当孩子们长大，他们不得不学会怎样照顾他们自己并学会独立。考查反身代词。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的；themselves他们自己。根据“learn how to take care of”及“be independent”可知句子表达“学会照顾他们自己”，用反身代词“themselves”。故选D。21Who taught _ English last year, Michael?I learned it by _.Ayou; myselfByour; myselfCyourself; meDyourself; myself【答案】A【详解】句意：迈克尔，去年谁教你英语的?我是自学的。考查代词和固定搭配。you你，myself我自己；your你的，你们的，yourself你自己，me我。根据空一前的taught与后面的English可知，此处是teach sb sth，sb为人称代词宾格形式，结合选项可知，应该是taught you English教你英语；根据空二前的learned it by可知，此处是learn sth by oneself自学，结合选项可知，此处是leaned it by myself。故选A。22Mike enjoyed _ at his friend's birthday party last night.AheBhimChimselfDhis【答案】C【详解】句意：Mike 昨晚在他朋友的生日聚会上玩得很开心。考查反身代词。he 他，人称代词主格；him 他，人称代词宾格；himself 他自己；his 他的。enjoy oneself是固定搭配，表示“玩得开心”，符合句意，故选C。23We must thank our parents for their endless love. They always care more about us than _.I totally agree with you.AourselvesByourselfCmyselfDthemselves【答案】D【详解】句意：我们必须感谢父母无尽的爱。他们总是更关心我们，而不是他们自己。我完全同意。考查反身代词，ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己；themselves他们自己。根据“We must thank our parents for their endless love.”可知他们总是更关心我们，而不是他们自己。其中“they”是第三人称复数，对应的反身代词用themselves，故选D。24Boys and girls, you should do your homework by _.AyourselfByourselvesCthemselvesDourselves【答案】B【详解】句意：孩子们，你们应该自己做作业。考查反身代词。yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据“Boys and girls”和主语“you”可知，此处要与主语保持一致，用复数反身代词yourselves。故选B。25If I am not sure what's wrong with Tom, it's better for me to ask him _.AyourselfBitselfCmyselfDherself【答案】C【详解】句意：如果我不知道汤姆有什么问题的话，最好还是我自己去问他。考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己；itself它自己；myself我自己；herself她自己。根据“it's better for me”可知，此处用me对应的反身代词myself，表示我自己问他。故选C。26Father Mozart was surprised that Wolfgang started writing music by _.AhimBheChisDhimself【答案】D【详解】句意：莫扎特神父很吃惊发现沃尔夫冈开始自己独自写音乐了。考查反身代词。him他，宾格；he他，主格；his他的；himself他自己。根据“started writing music by”可知句子表达“独自”用短语“by oneself”。空处填反身代词himself。故选D。27Sue, you are good at swimming. Who taught you to swim?No one. I leaned it by_.AyourselfBmyselfCyoursDmine【答案】B【详解】句意：苏，你擅长游泳。谁教你游泳的？没有人。我自学的。考查反身代词。yourself反身代词，你自己；myself反身代词，我自己；yours名词性物主代词，你的；mine名词性物主代词，我的。learnby oneself，自学，固定搭配，故排除C、D项；再结合主语“I，我”可知，故排除A项。故选B。28Tom, Im going to work. Please look after _well. Dont worry, Mom. I will.AherselfBmyselfCyourselfDhimself【答案】C【详解】句意：汤姆，我要去工作了。请照顾好你自己。别担心，妈妈。我会的。考查反身代词辨析。herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。根据“Tom, Im going to work.”可知，本句是对汤姆说的，所以用“你自己”表示，故选C。29Help _ to some candies, children. Thank you.AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves【答案】D【详解】句意：孩子们，请你们自便吃些糖果。谢谢。考查代词辨析。you你，你们，主宾格；your你们的，形容词性物主动词；yourself你自己，反身单词；yourselves你们自己，反身代词复数。动词短语help oneself to意为“请自己拿吃”。根据句中的“children孩子们”，可知此处是说“你们自己”，所以应该用反身代词的复数形式yourselves。故选D。30Your scarf is so beautiful! Who bought it for you? Oh, my daughter made it by _.AmyselfBherselfChimself【答案】B【详解】句意：你的围巾如此漂亮！谁给你买的？哦，我的女儿自己织的。考查代词辨析。myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。回答句的主语是my daughter，因此此空用表示女性的反身代词herself。故选B。 题组B 培优拔尖练31Hi, boys and girls. Did you enjoy_ during the May Day?Yes, we did. What about you, Miss Green?AourselvesBthemselvesCyourselves【答案】C【详解】句意：同学们好！你们五一过得开心吗？是的，很开心。你呢，格林老师？考查反身代词。根据固定搭配enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”，可知此处用反身代词；再根据前文在直接和“boys and girls”讲话，可知用第二人称复数，故选C。32Do you think English is _ Maths? I think so.Aas more important asBas the most important asCas much important asDas important as【答案】D【详解】句意：你认为英语和数学一样重要吗？我认为是这样。考查形容词的原级。“as+形容词原级/副词原级+as”表示“和一样”，此处表示英语和数学一样重要，用as important as。故选D。33Anna is as _ as Sally.Yes, but she is _ than Sally.Atall; outgoingBtaller; outgoingCtall; more outgoingDtaller; more outgoing【答案】C【详解】句意：Anna和Sally一样高。是的，但是她比Sally更外向。考查形容词比较级。tall高的，taller是比较级；outgoing外向的，more outgoing更外向的，比较级。第一个空使用了同级比较asas“和一样”，中间应用形容词的原级，排除B和D；第二个空后有“than”，表示两者相比，应用形容词比较级。故选C。34He speaks French well, but of course not _ a person born in France.Aas clear asBclearer thanCas clearly asDmore clear than【答案】C【详解】句意：他的法语说得很好，但是当然不如在法国土生土长的人吐字清晰。考查副词原级。此句修饰的是动词speak，所以应该用副词clearly，同级比较not as（so）+adv/adj.（原级）+as：不如；故选C。35Nobody in Fionas class can sing as _ as her.AwellBgoodCbetterDbest【答案】A【详解】句意：Fiona班上没有人唱得像她一样好。考查副词原级。well好，副词原级；good好的，形容词原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级。asas中间接形容词或副词原级，修饰动词sing，要用副词，故选A。