小学英语四升五暑期讲义第7讲：名词单复数（学生版）.docx

课程主题： 第七讲 名词单复数 学习目标:掌握名词单复数变化规则掌握修饰可数名词和不可数名词的形容词教学内容【进门测试】建议5min1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 【多元导学】建议5min an apple three apples【互动精讲】建议70min【知识点1】名词的的概念及分类英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物，它有可数和不可数之分。所谓可数名词指的就是在数量上可以计数，可以数出数量的事物；所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。不可数名词（water, milk,fish, money.）可数名词（apple, boy, book.）单数（1个）：one boy, a book.名词分类复数：three books, many apples. 【知识点2】可数名词单复数变化规则可数名词单数在它之前可以加上冠词a/an（以元音字母a,e,i,o,u开头的字母前冠词用an)。 可数名词复数变化规律如下：（一）一般情况下，直接在单词结尾加_（二）以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词，在单词尾部加_注意: 以 th 结尾加-s, month-months stomach-stomachs（三） 以y结尾的单词，如果_字母+y，在单词尾部直接加_ 如果_字母+y，则y要变成_, 再加_（四）以f或fe结尾的单词，变f或 fe 为_再加_注意：有少数词后直接加s，如roof-roofs (屋顶) （五）以o结尾的单词，有生命的在单词尾部加_，无生命的在单词尾部加_(六) 不规则变化1) 元音字母发变化。 如man-men(男人) ， woman-women(妇女) tooth-teeth(牙齿) ， foot-feet(脚) mouse-mice(老鼠) ， policeman-policemen(警察) policewoman-policewomen(女警察) 2) 词尾发生变化。 如child-children(小孩) ， ox-oxen(公牛) 3) 单、复数形式相同。 如fish-fish(鱼) ，sheep-sheep(绵羊) ，deer-deer(鹿) ，Chinese-Chinese(中国人) ，yuan-yuan(元) ，jinn-jinn(斤) 注意：不说an English，要说an Englishman. fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。 fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。 4) 形似单数，实为复数意义。 如people(人，人们)，these people (不说a people，可说a person) police(公安，警察)ten police (不说a police，可说a policeman) 5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。 如a man driver - men drivers(男司机) a woman doctor - women doctors (女医生) 6）某国人”的复数有三种类型： （1）Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形，不需加s； （2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men； 注意：German的复数是Germans,它的man不是词根，而是由Germany演变过来的。（3）其他各国人以an, -ian结尾的均直接加s。如：Americans, Australians, Indians等。可依照这个口诀记忆：中日瑞士均不变，英法荷兰都要变，其他”s”加后面。.（还有很多哦，以后我们再慢慢学）【巩固练习】写出下列单词的复数形式。bus- sheep- photo- desk- man- class- watch- teacher- 来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*Kboy- baby- dress- fox- leaf- mouse- foot- city- 【知识点3】修饰名词复数的数量形容词有哪些？1.much、little只修饰_例如：much money little water2.many、few只修饰_例如：many apples few students3.a lot of/lots of 既可以修饰_,也可以修饰_例如：a lot of mangoes lots of milk 4.some既可以修饰_,也可以修饰_,用于_句例如：I want some apples.5. any既可以修饰_,也可以修饰_,用于_句例如：No,she doesn't drink any water. Do you have any money?【巩固练习】1. I have_(many/much) milk.2.Yang Ling wants to have_(a lot of/ many)rice for dinner.3.There are_(some/any) vegetables on the table.4.Mr. Green had _(a little/a few)bread for breakfast.5.Liu Tao doesn't want _(some/any)drinks for lunch.6.Do you have_(a few/a little) water left?【课堂检测】建议15min一、单项选择 ( )1.-What are ? -They are crayons.A. this B.these C.that( )2.Please pass me . A.a orange B.an orange C.orange( )3.There are many . A.bus B.buss C.buses( )4.Oh, no! My are dirty. A.shoe B.shoess C.shoes( )5.Can you take a for me? A.photo B.photos C.photoes( )6.Ms Smart goes to work on . A.feet B.foots C.foot( )7.They are my . A.parents B.parent C.parentes ( )8.How many are there in a week? A.day B.days C.daies来源:学#科#网( )9.-Have a good . -Thank you!A. times B.timing C.time二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. There is some (water )on the ground.2. Look! There are six (bird)in the sky.3. My dad and uncle are (policeman.) 来源:Z。xx。k.Com4. Yesterday, I watched TV with my (grandchild) Xiaoyong.5.She had some (fish) for lunch. 三、用所给名词的正确形式填空。1. There are a lot of _(leaf) on the tree.2. Uncle Li brought two_(watch) yesterday.3. There are many _(child) in the classroom.4. We have a lot of nice _(tomato) here.5.There are lots of_(sheep） in the hill.6.There are about eighty _(man doctor) in the hospital 7.I have a lot of_(information 信息) to tell you. 8.The baby has two _(tooth).9.There are many books on those _(shelf).10.There are 13 _(Japanese) and 30_ (German) here.11.How delicious! Would you like to eat some_(fish)? 12. There are many _(fish) in the river. 13.There are many _(boy student) in our school. 14.Are there any_（fox） in the wild（野外）? 15.I hear that a cow has three or four_(stomach).【要点回顾】建议15min复述名词单复数变化规则【温故知新】建议10min一、辨音，发音相同的写“S”，发音不同的写“D” ( ) 1. A. river B. white( ) 2. A. fox B. short( ) 3. A. Wednesday B. fever ( ) 4. A. jacket B. timetable ( ) 5. A. sleep B. see二、连词成句，注意大小写和标点符号。1. are, some, you, here, pies, for ( . )_2. with, the, is, you, matter, what ( ? )_3. some, draw, can, pictures, I ( . )_4. you, can, see, to, tomorrow, come, I ( ? )_5. in, six, the, get, usually, morning, we, at, up ( . )_三、搭配题。选择相应的答句，将序号填在题前括号类。( ) 1. Are you happy today ? A. Theyre so beautiful.( ) 2. Whose shorts are these ? B. Its Monday.( ) 3. When do you have dinner ? C. At six oclock.( ) 4. Look at the flowers. D. This is Sue speaking. ( ) 5. Im very cold. E. Yes, I am.( ) 6. Do you like summer ? F. Thank you. ( ) 7. May I speak to Sue ? G. Sure.( ) 8. What a nice dress ! H. Heres your sweater.( ) 9. What day is it today? I. No, I dont.( ) 10. Can you draw the tree ? J. Wang Bings.四、排序。 （ ）Good idea ! But Tom is ill.（ ）Its Sunday.（ ）Im sorry to hear that. Take care.（ ）Whats the matter ?（ ）What day is it today ?（ ）Thank you.（ ）What a fine day ! Lets go and play basketball.（ ）He has a fever.五、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Lets go _(climb) this weekend.2. David, can you see_(they) ?3. Can you see_( I ) new timetable ?4. I want to eat _( a ) ice cream.5. This is _( we ) _( mother ) car.六、根据中文，完成句子。 1. 我在公园里能看见一座山和一些花。 I can see _ _and _ _ in the park.2. 我喜欢每天早上听些英语。I like _ _ some English _ _.3. 你的新连衣裙太长了。试试这条吧。 Your new dress is _ _. _ this, please.预习思考一般疑问句句式是什么样子的？学科网（北京）股份有限公司