初中英语2024届中考语法复习短语动词分类汇总.doc

中考英语语法复习短语动词分类汇总短语动词是动词、介词、副词通过一定的结合而组成的一类动词。一、短语动词的组成结构2动词+副词put on 穿上、上演pick out挑选出来break in打断give up放弃run away逃跑go back回去throw away扔掉set up搭建think over认真思考look around环顾turn off关闭动词+介词ask for请求care about关心look after照顾die from死于depend on依靠believe in信任listen to听laugh at嘲笑begin with以开始动词+副词+介词go in for参加look forward to盼望catch up with赶上，超过go on with继续do away with废除，去掉add up to加起来总共break away from躲开，脱离keep out of使不进入get along with与相处，发展动词+名词+介词catch hold of抓住pay attention to注意catch sight of突然发现make use of利用take the place of替代take pride in为自豪show interest in对表现出兴趣get rid of摆脱take part in参加be+形容词+介词be fond of喜欢be afraid of害怕be famous of以出名be active in在积极be good at擅长于be good for对有好处be proud of以为骄傲be assured for对有把握动词+名词Take place发生keep watch值班take aim瞄准play truant逃学二、短语动词的及物性1.及物的短语动词“动词+介词”结构常用作及物动词look at看laugh at嘲笑know about了解think about思考，认为ask for要求得到send for派人去请pay for为付钱“动词+其他+介词”常用作及物动词catch up with赶上take care of照顾be fond of喜欢make use of利用2.不及物的短语动词部分“动词+副词”结构用作不及物动词come on加油come along一起来move on继续移动fall behind落后grow up长大set out出发stay up熬夜look back回头看come up出现，露面be over结束go ahead前进大多数短语动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，但词义往往有变化I must look up the world in the dictionary. 我得在字典上查一下这个单词。Things are beginning to look up. 一切开始好转。三、短语动词的宾语位置 “动词+介词”组合中，宾语只能在介词后The girl has looked for the book everywhere. 这个女孩已经到处都找过这本书了。Please listen to the teacher carefully. 请认真听老师讲课。“动词+副词”组合中，宾语是代词时，置于两者之间宾语是名词时，可置于两者之间或副词之后You cannot give it away. 你不能把他给别人。Please turn off the light!/Please turn the light off! 请关灯。对于一些既可作介词又可作副词的单词与动词构成的短语动词，宾语位置要根据词义决定Thought she is so sad now, she will get over it. 尽管现在她很伤心，但她会好起来的。You must think it over, and then make your decision. 你必须仔细考虑，然后在做决定。