LaToyaRubyFrazier_2015U[史蒂夫 希尔伯曼][自闭症被湮没的历史].pdf
www.XiYuS锡育软件Along the ancient path of the Monongahela River,Braddock,Pennsylvania sits in the eastern region of Allegheny County,approximately nine miles outside of Pittsburgh.沿着古老的莫农加希拉河,宾夕法尼亚州的布拉多克,坐落在阿利根尼县的东部地区,距匹兹堡市中心大约九英里。00:13An industrial suburb,Braddock is home to AndrewCarnegies first steel mill,the Edgar Thomson Works.作为工业市郊,布拉多克开设有安德鲁卡耐基的第一座钢厂,即埃德加托马斯工厂。00:28Operating since 1875,it is the last functioning steel mill inthe region.它于1875年投入运营,如今是该地区最后一个还在运转的钢厂。00:37For 12 years,I have produced collaborative portraits,stilllifes,landscapes and aerial views in order to build a visualarchive to address the intersection of the steel industry,theenvironment,and the health care systems impact on thebodies of my family and community.12年来,我制作了群体人物,静态生活,风景地貌,俯瞰图景,为的是建立一个视觉档案,以凸显钢铁工业,环境,以及医疗卫生系统的交叉点对我家人和社区的影响。00:45The tradition and grand narrative of Braddock is mostlycomprised of stories of industrialists and trade unions.对布拉多克传统且宏大的的描述 多是由工业家和工会的故事组成。01:11approximately:adv.大约,近似地;近于 outside of:在的外面;超出的范围 functioning:n.运行,运作;计功能;机能;起酌(function的动名词)/v.运行,起作用(function的现在分词形式)collaborative:adj.合作的,协作的 portraits:n.肖像(portrait的复数);画像 landscapes:n.风景;风景地貌(landscape的复数)/v.从事庭园设计;美化(landscape的三单形式)archive:n.档案馆;档案文件/vt.把存档 intersection:n.交叉;十字路口;交集;交叉点 narrative:n.叙述;故事;讲述/adj.叙事的,叙述的;叙事体的 comprised:v.包含(comprise的过去分词);由组成 industrialists:n.实业家;工业家;产业工人 trade unions:工会Currently,the new narrative about Braddock,a poster childfor Rust Belt revitalization,is a story of urban pioneersdiscovering a new frontier.如今,作为没落工业地区重新振兴的代表,对布拉多克的新描述,是城市先驱开拓前沿的故事。01:20Mass media has omitted the fact that Braddock ispredominantly black.大量媒体忽略了布拉多克的居民以黑人为主的事实。01:34Our existence has been co-opted,silenced and erased.我们的存在被消融、被压制、被抹去了。01:41Fourth generation in a lineage of women,I was raised underthe protection and care of Grandma Ruby,off 8th Street at805 Washington Avenue.作为家族中第四代女性,我在祖母露比的保护和照顾下 成长在华盛顿大街805号第八街道旁。01:47She worked as a manager for Goodwill.她曾是Goodwill的经理。02:01Mom was a nurses aid.我母亲是一位看护助理。02:07She watched the steel mills close and white flight tosuburban developments.她见证了钢厂倒闭,白人来到市郊发展创业。02:08By the time my generation walked the streets,disinvestmentat the local,state and federal level,eroded infrastructure,and the War on Drugs dismantled my family andcommunity.到了我这一代漫步在街道上时,地方、州和联邦政府的撤资,损毁的公共设施,针对毒品的打击,拆散了我的家人和社区。02:16poster:n.海报,广告;招贴 revitalization:n.复兴;复苏;新生 pioneers:n.先锋;拓荒者(pioneer的复数)/v.当先锋;为开路(pioneer的三单形式)predominantly:adv.主要地；显著地 co-opted:指派/团结/借鉴 silenced:adj.无声的;装了消音器的/v.使沉默(silence的过去分词形式);使安静 erased:adj.被清除的;断掉并留有不平均边的/v.抹去(erase的过去分词);消除lineage:n.血统;家系,遗世系 suburban:adj.郊区的,城郊的;土气的;见闻不广的/n.郊区居民 eroded:adj.被侵蚀的,损坏了/v.侵蚀;损坏(erode的过去分词形式)dismantled:拆卸Grandma Rubys stepfather Gramps was one of few blackmen to retire from Carnegies mill with his pension.祖母露比的继父格兰普斯 是少数从卡耐基钢厂拿到养老金退休的黑人之一。02:33He worked in high temperatures,tearing down andrebuilding furnaces,cleaning up spilt metal and slag.他工作在高温下,拆除再重组熔炉,清除溢出的金属和炉渣。02:40The history of a place is written on the body and the一个地方的历史是书写在人体和市容上的。02:49TED演讲者：LaToya Ruby Frazier|史蒂夫 希尔伯曼演讲标题：A visual history of inequality in industrial America|自闭症被湮没的历史内容概要：For the last 12 years,LaToya Ruby Frazier has photographed friends,neighbors andfamily in Braddock,Pennsylvania.But though the steel town has lately been hailed as aposterchild of rustbelt revitalization,Frazier.s pictures tell a different story,of the real impactof inequality and environmental toxicity.In this short,powerful talk,the TED Fellow shares adeeply personal glimpse of an often-unseen world.几十年前,几乎很少有医护工作者听说过自闭症。在1975年，每1500个孩子里只有一个被诊断有自闭症。而如今，每68个孩子中就有一个类似的自闭案例。是什么导致了这种比例的陡升？史蒂夫指出了历史上的一段“自闭症觉醒风潮”一些医生推出了一种接受度更广的观点，造就了一段未能预知的大众文化，并提供了一项新的诊断方法。但要进行深入探究，我们需要了解一位名叫汉斯.阿斯伯格的医生。他在1944年发表了一篇极具研究价值的论文，然而由于种种原因，他与他的这篇文章被埋没了，人们也因此错失了一次正确认识自闭症的机会。The history of a place is written on the body and thelandscape.02:49Areas of heavy truck traffic,exposure to benzene andatomized metals,risk cancer and lupus.这些地区有重型卡车来来往往,弥漫着苯和雾化金属物,癌症和狼疮的风险无处不在。02:57One hundred twenty-three licensed beds,652 employees,rehabilitation programs decimated.一百二十三张获批的床位,六百五十二名雇员,善后项目大幅度减少。03:10A housing discrimination lawsuit against Allegheny Countyremoved where the projects Talbot Towers once stood.一桩针对阿利根尼县的住房歧视诉讼 移除了曾经伫立的塔尔博特塔。03:23stepfather:n.继父 Gramps:n.爷爷;外公(gramp的复数)tearing:adj.撕裂的;痛苦的;猛烈的/v.撕开;裂开(tear的ing形式)rebuilding:n.重建/v.重建;使复原(rebuild的ing形式)furnaces:n.炉子,炉窑熔炉(furnace复数形式)spilt:v.洒出的,溢出的(spill的过去式及过去分词)slag:n.炉渣;矿渣;熔渣/vt.使成渣;使变成熔渣/vi.变熔渣 benzene:n.有化苯 atomized:adj.雾化的;原子化的/v.使分为原子;将喷成雾状(atomize的过去式和过去分词)metals:五金 lupus:n.内科皮肤狼疮;天狼座twenty-three:num.二十三 licensed:adj.得到许可的(等于licenced)/v.许可;批准(license的过去分词)rehabilitation:n.复原 decimated:vt.摧毁;大幅度下降(decimate的过去式及过去分词)discrimination:n.歧视；区别，辨别；识别力Recent rezoning for more light industry has since appeared.最近,为了更多的轻工业发展,出现了分区再规划。03:33Google Maps and Google Earth pixelations conceal theflammable waste being used to squeeze the Bunn family offtheir home and land.谷歌地图和谷歌地球隐去了易燃废料,它们曾被用于将邦恩家族排挤出他们的家园和土地。03:39In 2013,I chartered a helicopter with my cameras todocument this aggressive dispossession.在2013年,我租用了一架直升飞机,带着我的相机去记录这些侵略性的土地剥夺。03:53In flight,my observation reveals thousands of plastic whitebundles owned by a conservation industry that claims itseco-friendly and recycles millions of tires to preservepeoples lives and to improve peoples lives.在飞机上,我的视野中出现了成千上万捆的白色塑料,它们属于一家环保企业,声称这些塑料是环保的,而且是循环利用了数百万的轮胎 去保障人民的生活,并提升生活的品质。04:05My work spirals from the micro to the macro level,excavating hidden histories.我的工作从微观层面提升到宏观层面,挖掘隐藏在背后的故事。04:25rezoning:v.再分区规划;重新区划(rezone的ing形式)conceal:vt.隐藏;隐瞒 flammable:adj.易燃的;可燃的;可燃性的/n.易燃物 squeeze:vt.挤;紧握;勒索/vi.压榨/n.压榨;紧握;拥挤;佣金 chartered:adj.受特许的/v.特许建立(charter的过去分词)dispossession:n.剥夺;驱逐;强占不动产 bundles:解剖束 conservation:n.保存，保持；保护 eco-friendly:adj.对生态环境友好的,不妨害生态环境的;不损坏生态环境的 recycles:v.回收;使再循环;再造(recycle的第三人称单数)preserve:vt.保存;保护;维持;腌;禁猎/n.保护区;禁猎地;加工成的食品 spirals:螺旋/盘旋 micro:adj.极小的;基本的;微小的/n.微型计算机;微处理器 macro:adj.巨大的,大量的/n.宏,巨(计算机术语)excavating:v.挖掘(excavate的现在分词)Recently,at the Seattle Art Museum,Isaac Bunn and Imounted this exhibition,and the exhibition was used as aplatform to launch his voice.最近,在西雅图艺术博物馆,艾萨克邦恩和我安排了这个展览,展览被当作让他发声的一个平台。04:33Through reclamation of our narrative,we will continue tofight historic erasure and socioeconomic inequality.通过不断丰富修正我们的描述,我们将继续为历史的磨灭和社会经济的不平等而战斗。04:46Thank you.谢谢。04:56(Applause)04:58mounted:adj.骑马的;安装好的;裱好的/v.安装(mount的过去式和过去分词);爬上;骑上 exhibition:n.展览,显示;展览会;展览品 reclamation:n.开垦;收回;再利用;矫正 erasure:n.消除;涂擦的痕迹;消磁 socioeconomic:adj.社会经济学的*Warning:本文是由生成导出，请用于个人学习，不要用于商业用途。否则，导致的一切法律后果，均由您个人承担，锡育软件概不负责。*
