2023年顺河回族区考研《英语一》点睛提分卷含解析.docx

2023年顺河回族区考研英语一点睛提分卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)“What do you think of the extraordinary achievements of your li色？“Queen Victoria of Britain asked Helen Keller.“You are 1 and deaf, but how can you make such great achievements?',Ms.Keller,s answer was the 2 for her teacher,nIf there were no Anne Sullivan,the name of Helen Keller would not be known/*When Anne was little,she suffered a great 3 .A fever made her nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood,and she was diagnosed as a hopeless "lunatic”(疯子)by the doctor.She was locked in the basement of a mental hospital inBoston.Sometimes,little Ann4 attacked anyone who approached her.She 5 everyone who appeared in front of hermost of the time.6,an old nurse believed that little Anne had hope and asked to 7 the task of looking after the girl.She went to see little Anne every day.The child ignored her most of the time,but the old nurse didn't 8 seeing her every day in the basement.The kind-hearted lady left cookies to little Anne and spoke words full of love and 9 to her.She believed that 10 she showed love,little Anne would be able to 11Finally,the doctor 12 changes in little Anne.Anne,who was always full of anger and hostility.showed 13 and goodwill she had never had before.They transferred her upstairs and her 14 continued improving.Then the last day came,and she 15 the mental hospital.After she grew up,Anne Sullivan hoped to help 16,just as the kind old nurse helped her.She saw great 17 inHelen Keller.She cared for her, 18 her strictly,encouraged her,played with her and worked with her.Anne Sullivan 19 a miracle (奇迹)in the life of Helen Keller.But first it was a kind nurse who had full 20 in little Anne that turned a silent child into a kind teacher.1、A. weak2、A. prize3、A. storm4、A. fiercely5、A. welcomed6、A. Besides7、A. take on8、A. considerB. lame C.B. praise C.B. accidentB. silentlyB ignoredB. ThusB. look onB. stopthin D.courageC - disasterC. obviouslyC. cheeredC. MoreoverC. go onC , permitblindmoodD. harmD. exactlyD. changedD. HoweverD. turn onD. continueD.9、 A. disappointment B. appreciation C. encouragement D. hateE. This also fits in nicely with our natural activity or rest cycle of our bodiesF. It gives you immediate and clear feedback on whether you know something or notG. An accumulation of such habits can combine to produce high-level academic performance参考答案Section I Use of English1、1. D2. B3. C4. A5. B6. D7. A8. B9. C10. D11. C12. B13. A14. D15. C16. D17. A18. B19. A20. CSection II Reading Comprehension2、根据总结概括文章百D 选项 Anxiety drugs found in rivers change the behavior of fish3、1. D2. B3. C4. D4、1. B2. B3. D4. A5、1. D2. A3. B4. C5. D6、1. myself2. disappointed3. occurred4. to5. . weeks6. who/that7. waiting8. if/whether9. really10. a7、1. is pronounced2. verbs3. where4. completely5. , Take6. meaning7. what8. amusing9. but10. to askSection III Translation8、1. B2. D3. E4. C5. G9、1. G2. C3. D4. F5. E10、A.as soon asB. even though C. as if D. so long as11、A.grow B .write C.recover D.suit12、A.approvedB. noticedC, proposedD. operated13、A.mildnessB. sympathyC. calmD. wisdom14、A.experimentB. beliefC , sightD. condition15、A.escapedB. finishedC. leftD. survived16、A.the othersB , anotherC. otherD. others17、A.potentialB statusC. affectionD. satisfaction18、A.committedB. trainedC. controlled D. raised19、A.createdB. found C.developed D. spread20、A.curiosityB. promiseC. confidence D. reliefSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1The pills we take to treat anxiety may affect the behavior of fish, new research in the journal Science suggests.Swedish researchers found a common drug in rivers downstream of wastewater treatment plants. It is a drug for treating anxiety, called oxazepam. It is accumulating in fish and makes them bolder. Wastewater treatment plants are not designed to get rid of drugs. As a result, the drugs end up in wildlife, reaching harmful levels.“It's something we don't think about very often, but there are a lot of similarities between fish and humans. So some of our responses to drugs can be seen in fish as well,“ said Karen Kidd. She is a biologist at the University of New Brunswick, Canada. The mood-altering drugs get into waterways when people taking the prescriptions throw unused pills into the waste stream.The researchers let perch（妒鱼）swim in lab tanks with concentrations similar to those found downstream from wastewater treatment plants. uThe perch preferred to swim alone rather than in large groups. They were more likely to explore their environment/9 said Micael Jonsson of Umea University in Sweden, who helped lead the research.Jonsson said, “This adventurous behavior required more energy. And they ate more plankton （浮游生物）,or tiny algae-eating animals, to guarantee enough energy for their activities. This could reduce the population of plankton.The result could be more algae（水藻）.On the other hand, the new behavior could lead to the opposite effect. If perch make themselves closer to their natural enemies, they are likely to be eaten by them.None of the scientists is suggesting that people should give up these drugs. They just want to reduce the effects of the medicines on the environment. They recommend wastewater treatment plants should be redesigned to get rid of these medicines.But Kidd said that would be too expensive for some communities.Bryan Brooks, director of the Environmental Health Science Program at Baylor University, said drugs could also be designed to break down more quickly in the environment. And the government could continue to run recycling programs where people drop off their unused drugs at government locations. Brooks said he's particularly concerned about drug effects on aquatic （水生的）environments, like the Trinity River south of Dallas and the South Platte River near Denver, where the majority of the flow comes from treated wastewater. In the developing world, he said, the problem may be even worse, because of careless wastewater treatment and industrial regulations.1、Which of the following best describes oxazepam's effect on fish?A. It causes fish to be more daring. B. It makes fish much stronger.C. It has little influence on fish. D. It helps treat a fish disease.2、What will happen if perch become adventurous?A. They will eat more algae.B. There will be less plankton.C. They will need more oxazepam.D. Their natural enemies will be stronger.3、What would be the best title for the passage?A. More wastewater treatment plants are needed B. Fish in wastewater become more adventurousC. Drugs for treating mental diseases end up in wildlifeD. Anxiety drugs found in rivers change the behavior of fishText 2Until recently, voice cloning - or voice banking, as it was then known - was a customized industry which served those at risk of losing the power of speech to cancer or surgery. Synthesizing （合成） a voice was a long and expensive process. It meant recording many phrases, each spoken many times, with different the history of the KidPass blog emotional emphase （s 重音）and in different contexts （statement, question, command and so forth）, in order to the tips on writing good articles online cover all possible pronunciations.Not any more. Software exists that can store pieces of recorded speech which is merely five milliseconds long, each marked with a precise pitch （音高）.These can be put together to make new words, and adjusted individually so that they fit harmoniously into their new sonic homes. This is much cheaper than conventional voice banking, and permits novel uses to be developed.This year Vivo Text plans to release an app that lets users select the emphasis, speed and level of happiness or sadness with which individual words and phrases are produced. Mr. Silbert refers to the emotive quality of the human voice as "the ultimate instrument”. Yet this power also troubles him. Vivo Text licenses its software to Hasbro, an American toymaker keen to sell increasingly interactive playthings. Hasbro is aware, Mr. Silbert notes, that without safeguards a naughty child might, for example, type impolite words on his mother's smartphone in order to see a younger sibling burst into tears on hearing them spoken by a toy using mum's voice.More troubling, when tested against voice-biometrics software like that used by many banks to block unauthorized access to accounts, more than 80% of the fake voices tricked the computer. Alan Black, one of Festvox's developers, thinks systems that rely on voice-ID software are now “deeply, fundamentally insecure”.Dr. Saxena and his colleagues asked volunteers if a voice sample belonged to a person whose real speech they had just listened to for about 90 seconds. The volunteers recognized cloned speech as such only half the time （ie, no better than chance）. The outcome, according to George Papcun, an expert witness paid to detect fake recordings produced as evidence in court, is the appearance of a technology with "enormous potential value for disinformation”.As might be expected, countermeasures to recognize such deception （欺 骗）are being developed.Nuance Communications, a maker of voice-activated software, is working on algorithms （算法）that detect tiny skips in frequency at the points where slices of speech are stuck together. Adobe, best known as the marker of Photoshop, an image-editing software suite, says that it may add digital watermarks to speech synthesized by a voice-cloning software called VbCo it is developing. Such technology may help computers recognize suspicious speech. Even so, it is easy to imagine the chaos that might be created in a world which makes it easy to put authentic-sounding words into the mouths of opponents 一 be they colleagues or heads of state.1、Paragraphs 1 and 2 are mainly about.A. significant elements influencing voice cloningB. possible applications of voice cloning in reality C complexities of creating a synthetic copy of a voice D. differences between traditional and existing voice banking 2、Whafs Hasbro's attitude towards Vivo Test's new app? A. Optimistic. B. Conservative.C. Unconcerned. D. Subjective.3、 The experiment carried out by Dr. Saxena and his colleagues shows that volunteers.A. identified cloned speech in about 45 seconds B. preferred a real speech to a voice sample C. proved only a little harder to fool than softwareD. found it hard to use the software to record their voices4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Investments should be increased to advance voice cloning.B. Long-term measures should be taken to popularize the idea of voice cloning.C. Disagreements among firms about the way to treat voice cloning are getting serious.D. Problems of voice cloning are unavoidable despite the efforts that have been made.Text 3Nike, known for its shoes, has Michael Jordan and Tiger Woods on its team. Now it is lining up another sports tale: for US S 305 million, Nike is buying Converse, a 95-year-old footwear company and maker of the famous Chuck Taylor All Star shoe.The deal, between the two US footwear giants （巨商）,was announced last week, for cash and debt. Converse's athletic shoe will be the first to he marketed by Nike without bearing the Nike name.It also opens a chapter for the financially troubled Convene, which affected the athletic footwear business for decades before involved into closing down in the early 1990,s.Today, Converse is best known for its retro-style shoes, which have gained a big following recently among younger customers worldwide.Converse and Nike represent two different types of shoes and prices.Nike markets shoes and non-Nike products. It owns Cole Haan shoes, which are high-end shoes for men and women; it sells sports clothing for teenagers under the Hurley mark; and it owns Bauer Nike Hockey, a maker of hockey （曲棍球） equipment.Last year, Nike had US % 10.7 billion in profit, while Converse reported US $205 million.The addition of Converse could give Nike a way to sell shoes to discount stores and other merchants. Nike has kept its own brand out of them, for fear of darkening its brand name.Convene invented basketball shoes in the early days of the game. Its "Chucks" got their name Chuck Taylor, a Converse salesman who traveled the country from the 1920s until the 1960s, promoting the game and selling shoes.Over the past century, Converse Ts products are sold in over 12,000 sports stores around the world and through licensing agreements in over 100 countries. Converse has built a reputation for lower-priced and more traditional shoes.The acquisition would allow Nike to try a “buy rather than build“ technique and to develop leisure （闲暇）shoes separately from the hard-core Nike sports image.1、The sentence underlined in the third paragraph most probably means.A. Converse used to have financial troubleB. it will financially help to develop ConverseC. it gives a lesson to the troubled ConverseD. it enlarges the market of Converse by products of Nike2、Which of the following doesn't belong to the products of Nike?A. Sports clothing. B. Leisure shoes.C. Bauer and Hockey. D. Cole Han shoes.3、Which of the following statements is true?A. The main customers of Converse are sports lovers.B. Younger customers show more interest in Nike rather than Converse.C. Converse's bankruptcy shows its brand loses its charm.D. The combination of Nike and Converse will improve Nike's reputation in the world market.4、Nike buys Converse for US S 305 million, which.A. the author thinks is worthB. shocks the worldC. is out of the expectation of the authorD. adds to burden of Nike's developmentText 4Soaping up your hands may do more than just get rid of germs. It may wash away the inner confusion you feel right after being forced to make a choice between two appealing choices, according to a new study. The study builds on past research into a phenomenon known as “the Macbeth effect”.It turns out that Shakespeare was really onto something when he imagined lady Macbeth trying to clean her conscience （良 心）by rubbing invisible bloodstains from her hands. A few years ago, scientists asked people to describe a past wrong act. If people were then given a chance to clean their hands, they later expressed less guilt than people who hadn't cleaned.This finding fascinat