2023年黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县考研《英语一》最后冲刺试题含解析.docx

2023年黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县考研英语一最后冲刺试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)One morning I wasted nearly an hour watching a tiny ant carry a huge feather. Several times, it Mseveral obstacles in its path. And after a momentary pause it would make the necessary detour (绕道).32 one point, the ant had to cross acrack about 10mm wide. After some 33thoughts, the ant laid the feather over the crack, walked 34 it and picked the feather up on the other side, then continued on its way. I was 35 by the cleverness of this ant. It was only a small insect, lacking in 36 yet equipped with a brain to reason, explore, discover and overcome. 37 this ant,like the othex two-legged creatures 38 on the earth, also shares human failings.After some time the ant 39 reached its destinationa flower bed and a small hole that was the entrance to its 40 home. It was there that the ant met its 41 .How could that large feather possibly 42 such a small hole? Of course, it couldn't. So the ant, after all this 43 and using great brightness, overcoming problems all along the way, just gave up the 44 and went home. The ant had not thought the problem through 45 it began its journey and in the end the feather was 46 more than a burden. Isn't our 47 like that?We worry about our families; we worry about the 48 of money; and we worry about all kinds of things. These are all burdens一the things we pick up along life's path, and drag them around the obstacles and over the cracks that life will bring, only to 49 that at the destination they are50 and we can't take them with us.1、.A. brought aboutB got overC came acrossD. dealt with2、A. AtB. ForC. ToD. With3、A. braveB tiringC magicD. short4、A. acrossB - throughC. besideD. behind5、A. frightenedB attractedC annoyedD. satisfied6、A. sizeB. heightC. depthD. length7、A. ThereforeB. ButC. MoreoverD. Otherwise8、A. workingB sleepingC. livingD. walking9、A. probablyB suddenlyC. easilyD. finally10、A. undergroundB . lonelyC. comfortableD. big11、A. partnerB matchC parentD. friend12、A. fitB. fixC. suitD. fill13、A. decisionB. pleasureC. troubleD. matter14、A. insectB problemC. holeD. feather15、A , afterB. untilC beforeD. once16、A. nothingB anythingC. somethingD. everything17、A. studyB. aimC dreamD. life18、A. wasteB. lackC. worthD. danger19、A. thinkB. findC. wonderD. warn20、A. badB practicalC. uselessD. meaningfulSection II Reading Comprehension10. A11. B12. A13. C14. D15. C16. A17. D18. B19. B20. CSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. B2. A3. D4. A3、1. B2. C3. A4. D4、1. B2. A3. C4. D5、1. C2. B3. D4. C6、 1. started2. players3. competition4. from5. . was held6. Who7. especially8. . to take9. and10. interesting7、1. is thought2. length3. Built4. to protect5. universally6. the7. by8. machines9. so10. andSection III Translation8、1. D2. B3. E4. G5. C9、1. D2. A3. G4. F5. CPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Next time you go shopping, keep in mind that there may be hidden cameras analyzing your habits. According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation, a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior.With concerns that face-recognition cameras" are kind of invasive（冒犯的）”, British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall （客流）by filming people's shoes. The technology can collect a large amount of personal information. nWe have cameras at 50 cm off the ground and they point down so they are less invasive than facial recognition/' Duncan Mann, Hoxton's officer said.As modern cities get fuller-70 percent of the population will live in urban areas by 2050cameras and other technologies are taking over public spaces and collecting our data. Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes.But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy（隐私）is concerned. nVery few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering," said RenateSamson.We begin giving away data as soon as we wake up. When we enter the transport system, we are giving away even more details about ourselves through smart cards, mobile phones or credit cards.Nick Millman, director at a consulting firm thinks statistics are the key to the privacy concern. He used the example of Google Maps, which is to monitor the flow of traffic in Stockholm. He explained, nIt is basically adding privacy controls to statistics so that you only see the data you need to know about11. In this case, Google gets enough data to improve traffic but not so much that it shows individual journey patterns.1、What is the article mainly about?A. An introduction to collecting shoppers' data.B. The concerns about giving away personal data.C. The problems caused by imbalanced distribution of population.D. An invention recording and collecting customers1 information.2、The new technology invented by Hoxton Analytics.A. can gather a lot of people's personal data from their shoesB uses cameras fitted on the ground to collect customers' dataC. has improved the accuracy of facial recognition softwareD. offers a perfect solution to customers* privacy concerns3、According to the author, cameras in modern cities.A. cause a huge waste of public spaceB. help reduce the size of population in urban areasC , are likely to help improve traffic conditionsD. are to avoid crimes and disasters and provide efficient services4、What is Renate Samson's attitude toward the rise of smart cities?A. Worried.B. Optimistic.C. Confused.D. Uninterested.Text 2Brrriiinnng. The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think. A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. Once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem-solving work?The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we're unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed. Sleepy people's lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time to, you're missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer.The trip you take to work doesn't help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons （神 经乡田月包），making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about what's going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day's work is done.So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? We'd set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. We'd stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. We'd take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the office-after we get a cup of coffee一we'd click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer.1、According to the author, we are more creative when we are.A. focusedB. relaxedC , awakeD. busy2、What does the author imply about newspapers?A. They are solution providers.B. They are a source of inspiration.C. They are normally full of bad news.D. They are more educational than websites.E. By "tune into your wandering mind (in Para. 2), the author means “A. wander into the wildB , listen to a beautiful tuneC. switch to the traffic channelD. stop concentrating on anything4、The author writes the last paragraph in order to.A. offer practical suggestionsB. summarize past experiencesC , advocate diverse ways of lifeD. establish a routine for the futureText 3Kong Qiu,better known as Confucius, was born in 551 B. C., in the Lu state of China. His teachings, preserved in "Lunyu ”, focused on creating models for good behavior and setting educational standards. He died in 479 B. C. Confucianism later became the official philosophy of the Chinese empire, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties.Little is known of Confucius ' childhood. " Records of the Historian0 , written by Ssu-ma Chin,offers the most detailed account of Confucius ' life. However, some modem historians question its accuracy,regarding it as myth, not fact. The book says that Confucius was born into a royal family while others say that Confucius was bom into poverty. One fact is clear, though: Confucius lived during a time of great trouble in China.Over 2 ,500 years ago , China ' s Chou Empire began to fall apart. Warring Chinese states caused it to break down. Traditional Chinese values then began to decline. Confucius saw this as an opportunity to strengthen the old Chinese values and customs. His ideas were based on the principle ofn renn or "loving others'* while practicing self-control. He believed that ren could be put into action using the Golden Rule. The Golden Rule is" do not do to others what you do not wish for yourself. nConfucius ' political beliefs were likewise based on the concept of self-control. He believed that a leader should stay humble and treat his followers with care. In doing so, he would lead by positive example. According to Confucius,leaders could motivate their subjects to follow the law by teaching them virtue.His philosophy of education focused on the " Six Arts”. To Confucius, the main objective of being an educator was to teach people to be honest and kind. He tried to encourage people to be more polite to each other.By the second century B. C., during China ' s first Han Dynasty, his ideas became the foundation for the state government. Today, he is widely considered one of the most influential teachers in Chinese history.1、Confucius would be MOST likely to agree that the purpose of education isA.to have rich knowledge.B.to live a good moral life.C. to gain wealth and power .D.to learn six core subjects.2、Each of the following affected Confucius * ideas EXCEPT.A.the Han Dynasty .B.the Chou Dynasty.C.traditional Chinese values .D.the war time experience.3、Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Confucius led a bitter life in his childhood.B. Traditional values were gone because of the end of Chou.C. Confucius * ideas influenced the leadership of the country.D. Confucius devotedly promoted ideas contrary to traditional ones.4、Self-control is central to Confucius ' philosophy because.A. it is the basis of the state government.B. it is the foundation of the Golden Rule.C. it is necessary to be a productive philosopher.D. it helps people be humble and set an example.Text 4Shipwrecked PrayersA voyaging ship was wrecked during a storm at sea and only two of the men aboard were able to swim to a small, desert-like island. Not knowing what else to do, the two survivors agreed that they had no alternative but to pray to God.However, to find out whose prayers were more powerful, they agreed to divide the territory between them and stay on opposite sides of the island.The first thing they prayed for was food. The next morning, the first man saw a fruit-bearing tree on his side of the island, and he was able to eat its fruit. But the other man's parcel of land remained barren.After a week, the first man became lonely and decided to pray for a wife. The next day, another ship was wrecked and the only survivor was a woman who swam to his side of the island. But on the other side of the island, there was nothing.Soon thereafter the first man prayed for a house, clothes and more food. The next day, like magic, all of these things were given to him. However, the second man still had nothing.Finally, the first man prayed for a ship so that he and his wife could leave the island, and in the morning he found a ship docked at his side of the island.The first man boarded the ship with his wife and decided to leave the second man on the island, considering the other man unworthy to receive God's blessings since none of his prayers had been answered.As the ship was about to leave, the first man heard a voice from Heaven booming, "Why are you leaving your companion on the island?"“My blessings are mine alone since I was the one who prayed fbr them/, the first man answered. "His prayers were all unanswered and so he doesn't deserve anything.“You are mistaken!?, the voice rebuked him. “He had only one prayer, which I answered. If not for that, you would not have received any of my blessings.”“Tell me J the first man asked the voice, "what did he pray fbr that I should owe him anything?“He prayed that all your prayers would be answered.For all we know, our blessings are not the fruits of our prayers alone, but those of another praying for us. So what you do for others is more important than what you do for yourself.1、The first man wife is.A. a swimmer who got to the island by accidentB. an angel sent by God to keep him companyC. a survivor from another wrecked shipD. a native person on the desert-like island2、The underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to.A. isolatedB. unproductive C. fertileD. dry3、Which of the following is true about the second man?A. He didn't deserve any blessing from God.B. None of his prayers was answered by God.C. He is not brave enough to tell God his needs.D. His prayer helped his companion get out of trouble.4、What9s the moral of the story?A. Never judge a person by appearance.B Don9t lose heart in trouble.C. Helping others is helping ourselves.D. Greed is the root of all evil.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph (41 45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to us