Unit 2 第1课时 解析版.docx

Unit 2 第1课时 一、单项选择1Though Zhong Nanshan is in his 80s, he makes a great _ to the medical development.AcelebrationBcontributionCconversationDcollection【答案】B【详解】句意：虽然钟南山已经80多岁了，但他为医学的发展做出了巨大的贡献。考查名词辨析。celebration庆祝；contribution贡献；conversation交谈；collection收集。根据空前后“makes a”和“to”以及常识可知，钟南山院士对医学发展做出巨大贡献，所以用短语“make a contribution to.为做出贡献”。故选B。2Thank you for the _ you gave me.Im glad theyre helpful.AsuggestionsBadviceCnewsDinformation【答案】A【详解】句意：谢谢你给我的建议。我很高兴它们能帮上忙。考查名词辨析。suggestions建议，可数名词复数；advice建议，不可数名词；news新闻，不可数名词；information信息，不可数名词。根据“Im glad theyre helpful.”可知此处they指代的是可数名词复数，用suggestions符合语境。故选A。3The doctor warns me that the risk of having a heart disease will be increased if I _ two more kilos.Aput onBend upCdeal withDtake off【答案】A【详解】句意：医生警告我说，如果我再长两公斤体重，患心脏病的风险就会增加。考查动词短语，put on增重；end up结束；deal with处理；take off起飞。根据“ two more kilos.”可知应该是增重，故选A。4Our parents are always there behind us. They are _ us whatever we do.Ainterested inBstrict withCproud ofDget on with【答案】C【详解】句意：我们的父母总是在我们身后。无论我们做什么，他们都为我们感到骄傲。考查短语辨析。interested in对感兴趣；strict with对严格要求；proud of以为骄傲；get on with与相处。根据前句“Our parents are always there behind us.”可知，应是无论我们做什么，他们都为我们感到骄傲。故选C。5Nowadays, many young people get used to_ late every day.Exactly. But thats not a good habit.Astay upBstaying upCstay outDstaying out【答案】B【详解】句意：现在，许多年轻人习惯于每天熬夜。没错。但这不是一个好习惯。考查非谓语动词及动词短语。stay up熬夜；stay out不在家；根据“Exactly. But thats not a good habit.”可知，此处是年轻人习惯熬夜，短语get used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”，故选B。二、完型填空 There are purple clothes, purple handbags, purple bicycles, purple furniture, even purple computers! So purple is one of the most 6 colors today. But in the past, purple was a very expensive and unusual color. Lets take a look at the rich history of the color purple.Some scientists believe that the first plants to appear on Earth over 500 million years ago probably looked purple, not green. Plants today are green because 7 use green chlorophyll(叶绿素) to produce energy. But these early plants probably used something called retinal, which is a dark purple color.During the time of the Roman Empire(37BC-476AD), it was very 8 to make purple dye. The dye came from sea snails(海螺). But 10,000 dead sea snails 9 you just one gram of purple dye.as well as a very bad smell! This special purple dye was called Tyrian purple, and it was the preferred color of emperors.In 16th-century England, purple was 10 for the kings family members. Queen Elizabeth Is clothes were purple, but ordinary people were not allowed to 11 the color.In 1856, William Perkin, an 18-year-old 12 student, noticed something strange while doing an experiment. The chemicals he used to clean his instruments 13 with the chemicals he used in his experiment and produced a bright purple color. The 14 led Perkin to start a company using this chemical mixture to make purple dye. The dye was much 15 than sea snail dye. Thanks to Perkin, now anyone can afford to wear purple clothes.6ApeacefulBpopularCexciting7AothersBtheyCwe8AdangerousBcommonCdifficult9AgotBwastedCcost10AevenBneverConly11AwearBmakeCchange12AgeographyBscienceCart13AcomparedBmixedCconnected14AexperimentBchemicalsCdiscovery15AdarkerBmore expensiveCcheaper【答案】6B7B8C9A10C11A12B13B14C15C【分析】本文主要讲述了紫色染料的发明过程。6句意：所以紫色是当今最流行的颜色之一。peaceful和平的，平静的；popular流行的；exciting让人兴奋的。由前句“There are purple clothes, purple handbags, purple bicycles, purple furniture, even purple computers!”可知，此句是说紫色是当今最受欢迎的颜色之一，故选B。7句意：今天的植物是绿色的，因为它们利用绿色的叶绿素产生能量。others其他的人或物；they他/它们；we我们。由句中“Plants today are green”可知，此句是说植物用叶绿素产生能量，应用代词they，故选B 。8句意：在罗马帝国时期（公元前37年公元476年），制作紫色染料是非常困难的。dangerous危险的；common普通的；difficult困难的。由下句“But 10,000 dead sea snails.you just one gram of purple dye.”可知，紫色染料是很难制作的，故选C。9句意：但是10000只死海螺只能让你得到1克紫色染料got得到；wasted浪费；cost花费。由句中“10,000 dead sea snails”和“just one gram of purple dye”可知，此句是说10000只死海螺只能让你得到1克紫色染料，get sb. sth.为某人弄到某物，故选A。10句意：在16世纪的英国，紫色只有国王的家庭成员才使用。even甚至；never从不；only仅仅。由上句“This special purple dye was called Tyrian purple, and it was the preferred color of emperors”和下文“Queen Elizabeth Is clothes were purple, but ordinary people were not allowed to.”可知，此句是说当时只有国王的家庭成员才能用紫色，故选C。11句意：女王伊丽莎白一世的衣服是紫色的，但普通人是不允许穿这种颜色的。wear穿着；make制作；change改变。由前句“Queen Elizabeth Is clothes were purple”和句中转折连词“but”可知，此句是说普通人是不允许穿紫色衣服的，故选A。12句意：1856年，18岁的科学专业学生威廉·珀金在做实验时注意到一个奇怪的现象。geography地理；science科学；art美术。由句中“while doing an experiment”可知，这个学生是学科学的，故选B。13句意：他用来清洗仪器的化学物质和他在实验中使用的化学物质混合在一起，产生了一种明亮的紫色。compared比较；mixed混合；connected连接。由下文中的“using this chemical mixture to make purple dye”可知，应该是两种化学物质混合产生了紫色，故选B。14句意：这一发现促使珀金创办了一家公司，使用这种化学混合物来制造紫色染料。experiment实验；chemicals化学物质；discovery发现。由句中“led Perkin to start a company using this chemical mixture to make purple dye”可知，此句是说这种发现让珀金创办了一家公司来制作紫色染料，故选C。15句意：这种染料比海螺染料便宜得多。darker更暗的；more expensive更贵的；cheaper更便宜的。由后句“Thanks to Perkin, now anyone can afford to wear purple clothes.”可知，此句是说这种紫色染料比海螺染料便宜多了，故选C。三、阅读理解AThe Forbidden City in Beijing was the emperors palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is also called “zijincheng (the Purple Forbidden City)”. Though its walls are red and its roofs are yellow, the palaces name mentions the color purple. How did it get this name?The character zi refers to the “ziwei star(Polaris,北极星)”. According to ancient Chinese astronomy (天文学), the ziwei star was surrounded by 28 other stars, meaning it was the heart of the sky. People believed that the palace of the God Emperor, which is called ziweigong, or ziwei palace, was located on this star. Chinese emperors were believed to be the sons of the God Emperor. It was believed that their palace on Earth should be just like the ziweigong in the sky. Thats how the Forbidden City got its name.In Chinese culture, many people believe that the color purple stands for good luck. This belief began with Laozi, the ancient philosopher(哲学家) and founder of Taoism(道教) who lived around 2,500 years ago. One day, when Laozi was traveling through the Hangu Pass(函谷关) in Henan from the east, a purple mist(薄雾) suddenly appeared in the air. It is believed that this mist was connected to Laozi in some way. This “purple air from the east” story made people believe the color was a symbol of great saints from that point on.16The Forbidden City has another two names EXCEPT _.AzijinchengBziweigongCthe Purple Forbidden City17Ancient Chinese believed that ziwei star was _.Athe heart of the skyBthe name of the emperorCthe palace of the God Emperor18In Chinese culture, many people believe that the color purple stands for _.ALaoziBthe emperorCgood luck19What is the main idea of the last paragraph?_AWhere Laozi liked traveling.BWhy Laozi was the founder of Taoism.CWhat “purple air from the east” means.20What is the best title of the passage?_AChinas “purple” palace.BThe role of Taoism in China.CDevelopment of the Forbidden City.【答案】16B17A18C19C20A【分析】文章介绍了紫禁城名字的由来以及紫色为什么被认为是有好运的。16细节理解题。根据“The Forbidden City in Beijing was the emperors palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is also called “zijincheng (the Purple Forbidden City)”可知，紫禁城又叫做zijincheng或者the Purple Forbidden City，故选B。17细节理解题。根据“According to ancient Chinese astronomy (天文学), the ziwei star was surrounded by 28 other stars, meaning it was the heart of the sky.”可知，中国古代天文学认为紫微星是天空的心脏，故选A。18细节理解题。根据“In Chinese culture, many people believe that the color purple stands for good luck.”可知，在中国文化中，许多人认为紫色代表好运。故选C。19推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，主要是介绍老子偶遇天空中的紫色，从此让人们相信，紫色就是伟大圣人的象征，是为了告诉我们“purple air from the east”是什么，故选C。20最佳标题题。根据“The Forbidden City in Beijing was the emperors palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties.How did it get this name?”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍有关紫禁城的内容，故选A。BHave you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments. These pigments appear in different amounts （数量）, depending on the fruits environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruits are likely to grow in cooler places. You can find them growing in many places around the world instead of just in one place. Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warmer places. They grow a lot in just one specific （特定的） area. The closer the fruit is to the equator（赤道）, the darker its color will be.Animals also have an influence on the development of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds（种子）in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract（吸引） animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy to see. However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals visual（视觉的）abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.21The underlined word “pigments” in the first paragraph means _.A数量B味道C品种D色素22Where can you most probably find dark blue fruit according to the passage?_AIn the cool places.BAround the world.CNear the equator.DIn dry places.23According to the writer, _ can influence the development of fruit colors.AseedsBenvironment and animalsCvisual abilitiesDhuman activities.24The writer mainly tells us _.Awhy blue fruits mostly grow in cooler placesBwhy red fruits are likely to grow in warmer placesCwhy different kinds of fruit have different colorsDwhy animals drop the seeds of fruit in other places25Where can you most probably find the article?_AIn a storybook.BIn a sports magazine.CIn a movie poster.DIn a science magazine.【答案】21D22C23B24C25D【分析】文章主要介绍了为什么不同种类的水果有不同的颜色，科学研究表明，水果的颜色的发展与其生长的环境以及所在地区的动物有关。21词义猜测题。根据前句“fruit colors actually come from their different pigments.”可知，说的是颜色，结合选项，应说水果的颜色实际上来自于它们不同的色素。所以pigments意为色素。故选D。22细节理解题。根据“Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warmer places. They grow a lot in just one specific （特定的） area. The closer the fruit is to the equator（赤道）, the darker its color will be.”可知，最可能在赤道附近找到深蓝色的水果。故选C。23细节理解题。根据“To find out how environment influences fruit colors”以及“Animals also have an influence on the development of fruit colors.”可知，作者认为，环境和动物会影响水果颜色的发展。故选B。24主旨大意题。根据“Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors?”可知，作者主要告诉我们为什么不同种类的水果有不同的颜色。故选C。25推理判断题。根据“Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments.”可知，你最有可能在科学杂志中找到这篇文章。故选D。四、完成句子26丽丽昨天晚上熬夜很晚，所以今天很累。（stay）Lily_ very late last night, so she is tired today.【答案】stayed up【详解】熬夜：stay up；根据时间状语last night可知是一般过去时态，stay的过去式是stayed，故填stayed up。27我们担心他，因为他和别人相处有困难。We _ him because he has difficulty _ others.【答案】worry about/are worried about getting along with/getting on with 【详解】对比中英文可知，第一空缺少“担心”的翻译，用动词短语worry about或形容词短语be worried about sb表示“担心”，句子是一般现在时，主语we是复数形式，动词用原形，be动词用are。第二个空用have difficulty (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难”，get along/on with sb“与某人相处”，故填worry/are worried about；getting along/on with。28他的父母对他的学习要求很严格。His parents _ _ _ his studies.【答案】are strict about/are strict with【详解】根据汉语提示和“His parents . his studies.”可知，空格处缺“要求严格”，be strict about/with sth.对某事很严格，主语“His parents”是复数，故be动词用“are”。故填are strict about/with。29熬夜太晚对你身体不好。（完成译句）It's bad for your health to _ _ too late.【答案】stay up 【详解】“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，表达“熬夜”用动词短语“stay up”。故填stay; up。30老师给了我们一些有用的建议。The teacher gave us some _ _ _ _ _ .【答案】useful advice/useful suggestions/helpful advice/helpful suggestions【详解】有用的useful/helpful，形容词做定语修饰名词；建议advice/suggestions，some后可用不可数名词advice或可数名词复数suggestions。故填useful advice/useful suggestions/helpful advice/helpful suggestions。