高中英语教案必修三第四单元 - 完成.doc

中国教育培训领军品牌环球雅思学科教师辅导教案 年 级： 高一 辅导科目：英语 学员姓名： 学科教师：授课类型T（必修三第四课词汇）C（词组）T(能力提升)星级授课日期及时段2014-06-20 19：40-21：40教学内容T-词汇 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. loudly / loud / aloud 2. unlike / dislike 3. remain / leave4. climate / weather 5. now that / since / because / as 词形变化1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.pl.基本原则(法则) fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地 fundament n. 基础；根本3. development n.生长，发展；新情况develop vt.发展；产生 vi.生长；发展developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产(蛋) lay-laid-laid-layinglie vi. 躺，平放；位于lie-lay-lain-lyinglie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎lie-lied-lied-lying5. prevent vt. 预防，防止prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的gently adv.温和地；静静地7. physics n.物理，物理学physicist n.物理学家physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的 重点单词 1. system n.c 系统；体系；制度；方法 2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的 4. exist vi. 存在；生存 5. puzzle v.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力7. cheer vt.&vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼 重点词组1. to begin with 以开始；由作为开头；首先2. in time 及时；最终；迟早3. in one s turn 轮到某人；接着4. prevent.from 使不做事；阻止做某事5. block out 挡住（光线）6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张7. break out (灾难、战争等)突发；爆发8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防 重点句子1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth s atmosphere.2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop.3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.重点语法宾语从句和表语从句（见语法部分）语言要点（模块） .词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1. loudly / loud / aloud【解释】loudly adv 响亮地，高声地 loud adj/adv 与sing, speak, talk连用aloud adv 相对默读而言；出声【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). Will you please speak _? 2). It is good for you to read English _ every morning. 3). The bomb exploded _.4). Is her voice _ enough ?5). Action speaks _ than words (事实胜于雄辩). Keys: 1). louder 2). aloud 3). loudly 4). loud 5). louder2. unlike / dislike【解释】unlike prep. 不像，和不同 adj. 作表语 不相似；不同dislike vt./n. 不喜爱，厌恶【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). A good hotel manager should know his regular guests likes and _.2). Her latest novel is quite _ her earlier work.3). If you go on like that you ll get yourself _ (like).4). I was very interested in the lecture, _ many of the students.Keys: 1). dislikes 2). unlike 3). disliked 4). unlike3. remain/leave【解释】remain vi. 仍然是；留下；剩下常用句型：remain + n. 仍然是 remain + adj./adv./prep. 仍然是 remain + v-ed/v-ing 仍然是 remain to be done有待去做，依然要做leave vt. 剩下，忽略或未拿或未带（某物），使或让（某人、事物）处某状态某地等常用句型：leave sb. sth. / leave sth. to sb. 给某人留下某物leave sth (for sb) 留下，交待下(某物) leave sth to sb 将某物遗赠给某人remaining/left两者都可以作形容词，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修饰的名词之前，后者用于被修饰的名词之后。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). Someone _ you this note while you were out. 2). After the earthquake, little _ of the village.3). He used the _ money to buy a dictionary.4). After buying the dictionary, he had not much money_. 5). Arriving home, I found that I d _ my key in the office. 6). Don t leave her _ (wait) outside in the rain. 7). She remained _ (change) after all these years.8). A great many things remain _ (do). Keys: 1). left 2). remained 3). remaining 4). left 5). left 6). waiting 7). unchanged 8). to be done4. climate / weather【解释】climate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). We shall go out for a picnic tomorrow if the _ is fine.2). A drier _ would be good for your health.3). I couldnt imagine what it would be like to live in a hot _. 4). The _ of our country is mild, but individual places experience bad _. Keys: 1). weather 2). climate 3). climate 4). climate; weather5. now that / since / because / as【解释】都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/now that，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). _ everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 2) It was _ he was ill that he didn t go to school. 3). It must have rained last night, _ the ground is all wet.4). _ we are alone, we can speak freely.Keys: 1). since/now that 2). because 3). for 4). Now (that).词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.pl.基本原则(法则) fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地 fundament n. 基础；根本3. development n.生长，发展；新情况develop vt.发展；产生 vi.生长；发展developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产(蛋) lay-laid-laid-layinglie vi. 躺，平放；位于lie-lay-lain-lyinglie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎lie-lied-lied-lying5. prevent vt. 预防，防止prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的gently adv.温和地；静静地7. physics n.物理，物理学physicist n.物理学家physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的 【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). The naughty boy _ (lie) to me that the hen that _ (lie) there just now had _ (lay) two eggs the day before.2). In my opinion, _ (prevent) is more important than treatment.3). Some programs on the Internet are full of _ (violent) and sex.4). With the _ (develop) of modern industry, more and more pollution is caused.5). China is a _ (develop) country belong to the third world.6). There are _ (fundament) differences between your religious beliefs and mine.7). His ambition is to become a great _ (physics).Keys: 1). lied; lay; laid 2). prevention 3). violence 4). development 5). developing 6). fundamental 7). physicist .重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）1. system n.c 系统；体系；制度；方法 systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的典例 1). The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。2). Alcohol is bad for your system. 喝酒对身体有害。练习 根据句子的意思完成句子。1). The _ _ (教育系统) operates very differently in the US and China.2). He introduced us a well-designed _ _ (铁路系统).Keys: 1). educational system 2). railway system 2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)典例1). He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。2). Who should we lay the blame on? 我们该责备谁?重点用法 lay短语：lay eggs 下蛋 lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）lay sth. down 把某物放下 lay the blame on sb.责备某人lay the table 摆桌子lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). The bird _ its eggs in other birds nests. 2). He is a political leader that _ _ _ _ (非常强调) individual responsibility. 3). He _ some money _ for rainy days. Keys: 1). lays 2). lays great stress on 3). lays/puts; aside 3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的 harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人） 典例Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking. 很多人都意识到吸烟的危害。重点用法be harmful to sb./sth. 对有害do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对有害；伤害练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Everyone knows that smoking is _ to your health.2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do _ to their growth.3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。_ Keys: 1). harmful 2). harm 3). Reading in the sun does a lot of harm to your eyes. = Reading in the sun does your eyes a lot of harm.= Reading in the sun is very harmful to your eyes. 4. exist vi. 存在；生存 existence n. 存在典例1). Does life exist on Mars? 火星上有生命吗? 2). I can hardly exist on the wage I m getting. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以餬口。重点用法exist + prep. 存在于地方exist on sth. 靠某物生存 练习 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。1). This plant _ only _ Australia. 2). Can you _ _ such a low salary?3). I doubt the _ (exist) of alien.Keys: 1). exists; in 2). exist on to 3). existence5. puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题 puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的 puzzling adj.令人费解的典例1). Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。 2). Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什麽要做此事我仍莫名其妙。重点用法sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人对感到迷惑puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解）puzzle one s brain苦思苦想；绞尽脑汁solve a puzzle 解决一个难题练习 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。1). To explain the _ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories. 2). I _ (puzzle) that I haven t heard from Liz for so long.3). She listened with a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _ (puzzle) of how life began.5). He _ (puzzle) what to do next.6). _ _ _ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone.Keys: 1). puzzling 2). am puzzled 3). puzzled 4). puzzle 5) was puzzled 6). What puzzles me6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力典例1). You push and I ll pull. 你来推，我来拉。 2). I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。重点用法pull ahead (of sb/sth) 领先（於某人/物）pull (sb) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off (sth)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下）pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）pull together 同心协力；通力合作练习 用pull短语的适当形式填空。1). I arrived as the last train was _ _.2). He _ _ a gun and aimed at the criminal.3). So long as we _ _, there s no mountain top we cant conquer.Keys: 1). pulling out 2). pulled out 3). pull together7. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼 cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的 典例1). The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 女王出现时群众高声欢呼。2). He was greatly cheered by the news. 他听到这个消息非常高兴。重点用法cheer sb. on为某人加油cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活练习 用cheer的短语或其适当形式填空。1). Your visit has greatly _ him up.2). The crowd _ the runners _ as they started the last lap.3). You look as though you need _ up.Keys: 1). cheered 2). cheered; on 3). cheering 8 atmosphere N 大气，大气层，空气 .The atmosphere is very stuffy.气氛；情绪 The exciting atmosphere of the football match 活学活用 单选The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly _.A atmosphere B state C situation D phenomenon9 presence n.出席；在场 In the presence of sb =in sbs presence当着某人的面；有某人在场 Lose ones presence of sb 心慌意乱 Present adj. 出席的；在场的；现在的当前的 Absence n. 缺席，不在场 Absent adj 缺席的；不在场的 Absent-minded adj 心不在焉的 Be absent from school/work/a meeting 不上学；不上班，不到会活学活用 单选1 The number of _ added up to 53A people present B present people C people presented D presented people 完成句子2 他在名人面前变得局促不安。He gets nervous _famous people.3 他因事缺席。He _on business.10 encourageV. 鼓励，鼓舞Encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 激励，促进 High prices encouraged farming .高价格刺激了农业发展发散思维 Encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的 Encouragement n.鼓励，激励 Courage n. 勇气 Discourage vt. 使泄气Discourage sb from doing sth Discouraging adj 令人泄气的，令人沮丧的活学活用 单选1 -Have you heard the new benefit system is to take effect?-Yes,thats great,yet some worry it may _laziness.A encourage B develop C lose D prevent 2 My advisor encouraged _a summer course to improve my writing skills.A for me taking B me taking C for me to take D me to take 11 force n. 力，力量 The force of the explosion 暴力，武力By force 部队，兵力The air force 空军Vt. 强迫 Force sb to do/force sb into doing 强迫某人做The president was forced into resigning(to resign).会长被迫辞职发散思维 Force ones way 强行前进 Put.into force 使.生效 Come into force 生效，实施 In force 生效，在实施中，大批，众多 Force the door open 强行打开门 Force a smile 勉强一笑新的安全规则何时生效？When do the new safety rules come into force?活学活用 单选1 In the old days,the peasants were_children.A forced selling B forced to selling C forced to sell D forced into sell 完成句子2警察大规模地驻守在那里。The police were there_.3 新法律自昨天起生效。 The new laws _yesterday. 12 cheer考点释义 N娱乐，欢呼 Full of cheer Vi.欢呼，喝彩 They cheered loudly . Vi. 使高兴，使振奋Everyone here is cheering the victory. Cheer up 振作起来 Cheer leader （尤其指体育比赛中的）拉拉队队长活学活用 单选1 He watched the ballon _up into the sky.A lift B float C cheer D raise 完成句子2 我带她出去让她高兴起来。 I too her out to _13 warn Warn v.警告 Warn sb of /about/against (doing )sth 警告某人当心某事 Warn sb (not)to do 警告某人（不）做某事 Warn sb that 从句 警告某人. Warning n 警报，警告活学活用 单选1Mr smith warned her daughter _after drinking.A never to drive B to never drive C never driving D never drive 14 need考点释义 动词need ,require,want 做“需要”讲时，其后必须要用doing/to be done ，表示“.需要被做”，其主语必须是动作的被执行者，即表被动含义。The window needs/requires/wants to be cleaned Cleaning .活学活用 单选1 As a result of serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area _.A need repairing B needs to repair C needs repairing D need to repair2 There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_road conditions need_.A that; to be improved B which; to be improved C where; improving D when; improvingGrammar T-词组重点词组1. to begin with = to start with 以开始；由作为开头；首先典例To begin/start with, I couldn t understand a single word. 起初，我一句也没弄明白。重点用法begin/start with 从开始 begin/start sth with 从开始 练习 根据句子的意思完成句子。1). He _ his speech _ a poem. 2). His speech _ _ a poem.3). _ _ _, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.Keys: 1). began/started; with 2). began/started with 3). To start/begin with 2. in time 及时；最终；迟早 典例 1). They caught the bus in time. 他们及时赶上了汽车。2). If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，你们总有一天会成功的。短语归纳 time短语：in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟in no time 立刻；马上at no time永不 at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度at a time 一次；每次 at times = sometimes 有时all the time 一直；始终；老是on time 按时；准时by the time到的时候为止for the time being 暂时；暂且take one s time不着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间from time to time 不时地，间或many a time 常常；多次once upon a time 从前at the same time 同时；尽管如此ahead of time 提前，提早race against time 争分夺秒time and again 一次又一次；重复地keep time (钟表)走得准keep bad time（钟、表）走得不准take one s time 慢慢来，别急have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很 It s (high