高中英语选择性必修4Section A　Reading and Thinking (3).docx

Unit 3SEA EXPLORATIONSection AReading and Thinking必备知识基础练.单词拼写1.It is reported that the exhibition has been (延长) for another month. 答案extended2.My friend told his (故事) with simple words anybody could understand. 答案tale3.The publishing house had just begun to (谈判) for her next books. 答案negotiate4.As is reported in the newspaper,their football team is the best in the (联赛). 答案league5.The former (皇家的) palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. 答案royal6.To her disappointment,her knee injury forced her to (退出) from the competition. 答案withdraw7.There has been a great increase in TV (频道) in the past few years. 答案channels8.The agreement strengthened the (纽带) between the two countries. 答案bond(s).短语填空set sail,in a league of,develop relations with,withdraw from,in hand,become known as,search for,for the benefit of1.While passengers love to complain about taxi drivers,the drivers of New York are their own. 答案in a league of2.It took me great efforts to get these books . 答案in hand3.Christopher Columbus for the New World. 答案set sail4.Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to survivors in an earthquake. 答案search for5.The company has decided to some of its sports sponsorship. 答案withdraw from6.You need people working the community. 答案for the benefit of7.These Chinese immigrants settled in an area that later Chinatown. 答案became known as8.We will continue to improve and the developed countries. 答案develop relations with.完成句子1.要想利用先进技术,他们必须先对计算机有个基本的了解。They have to have a basic understanding of computers the advanced technology. 答案in order to use2.经过几个月的航行,他们终于到达了我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的地方。After several months voyage,they finally reached California. 答案what we now call3.众所周知,皮鞋比布鞋耐穿。 ,leather shoes last longer than cloth shoes. 答案As is known to all4.这个来自伦敦的女孩被大自然的美丽所吸引,决定再在农场待两天。 the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 答案Attracted by5.我妹妹在舞台上感到有点紧张,因为有那么多人在看她。My sister felt a little nervous on the stage with so many people her. 答案looking at关键能力提升练.阅读理解A主题语境:人与自然语篇类型:说明文难度:Coral reefs are a necessary part of sea life and support it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms.They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a fish population to boom,along with other species,for a healthy and diverse ecosystem.However,the rise in average water temperature due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and extended “coral bleaching(珊瑚白化)”events that damage their health,causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.In order to repair this delicate ecosystem,scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using speakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish,potentially starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms.The location of this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea,found alongside the east coast of Queensland,Australia,which is famous for having the largest coral reef system in the world thats 2,300 kilometers long and covers an area of nearly 344,400 square kilometers.By using loudspeakers to reproduce such sounds,areas of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish,compared to places where no sounds were played.These returning fish could help in the recovery of this ecosystem by giving those areas of coral a chance of a new life.“Fish are important for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems.Increasing fish populations in this way could help to start the natural recovery process,reducing the damage were seeing on many coral reefs around the world.Of course,attracting fish to a dead coral reef wont bring it back to life automatically,but the recovery process relies on fish that clean the coral reef to make space for coral to regrow,” said Mark Meekan.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要组成部分。然而,气候变化造成了珊瑚白化,损害了它们的健康,导致鱼类和其他海洋物种离开它们。科学家们为修复这一脆弱的生态系统进行了研究,在水下使用扬声器来吸引鱼群,以帮助恢复受损的珊瑚礁。1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The importance of coral reefs.B.The influence of climate change.C.The perfect place for sea species.D.The ecosystems diversity and complexity.答案A解析段落大意题。第一段讲的内容是:珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要组成部分,不但为各种海洋生物提供住所和栖息地,还提供和回收利用营养物,使鱼类种群与其他物种一起繁荣发展,形成一个健康和多样化的生态系统。故选A项。2.Whats the purpose of using speakers underwater?A.To make fish more active.B.To test damaged coral reefs.C.To help recover the ecosystem.D.To help speed the growth of coral reefs.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,为了修复脆弱的生态系统,科学家们在水下使用了扬声器,故选C项。3.Which of the following is true about the experiment?A.It wasnt carried out in the largest coral reef system.B.It drew much public attention.C.It has brought dead coral reefs back to life.D.The loudspeakers were helpful in attracting fish.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“By using loudspeakers.where no sounds were played.”可知,与未播放声音的地方相比,该实验中用扬声器产生的声音为死去的珊瑚礁吸引了两倍多的鱼,故D项正确。4.What is Mark Meekans attitude towards the use of speakers? A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disappointed.D.Indifferent.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,扬声器可以吸引鱼群,鱼群虽然不会使死珊瑚礁自动复活,但其恢复过程依赖鱼清洁珊瑚礁,以给珊瑚重新生长的空间,故可知Mark Meekan对使用扬声器持肯定的态度。B主题语境:人与自然语篇类型:说明文难度:Like colourful corals,they rocked gently in the ocean current.Only these were not beautiful natural reefs grown over centuries.They were plastic bags,stuck to the Aegean Sea floor since a waste site slid into the water eight years ago.A team of divers and environmentalists pulled thousands of plastic bags from the water near Greeces Andros Island this month.The workers described what they found as a “gulf full of plastic corals”.Seas polluted with plastic have become one of the most shocking signs of human damage to the planet.“It was a very scary thing to see,” said Arabella Ross,a volunteer diver with Aegean Rebreath.The group carries out underwater and coastal clean-ups.“It really shook me and I think it really shook everyone who saw it,” she added.The Mediterranean is among the seas with the highest levels of plastic pollution in the world,the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) said in a report in June.Greece produces about 700,000 tons of plastic waste a year,or about 68 kilos per person.About 11,500 tons enter its seas every year.Almost 70% of that returns to the Greek coast,one of the longest in the world.The sea pollution off Andros is thought to date back to 2011,when heavy rain caused a waste site to collapse.Most of the waste fell into the sea.Aegean Rebreath divers removed blue,black and yellow plastic bags caught between reefs and among fish.It was “like the paradise of the Caribbean Sea,where you find coral reefs everywhere of every colour.It was the exact same thing,but instead of corals it was bags,” the diver Arabella Ross said.The team managed to remove only a small part of the plastic waste they found.They also pulled up 300 kilograms of old fishing trapsknown as “ghost nets”from Andros.In a separate operation in June off Salamina,a small island near Athens,they removed two tons.“If people are wondering where their rubbish ends up,we see it each time we go into the water,” Ross said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。日前,有人发现在希腊安德罗斯岛附近的爱琴海海域积累了大量的塑料垃圾。从远处望去,潜水员仿佛看到了一个色彩缤纷并随着洋流缓缓流动的海底世界。它们是数万吨的塑料废物,在这里堆积如山,形成了一种“珊瑚礁”。5.What does the underlined word “it”(Para.3) most probably refer to?A.The Aegean Sea.B.Plastic pollution.C.The volunteer group.D.The waste site.答案B解析代词指代题。根据上文的“Seas polluted with plastic have become one of the most shocking signs of human damage to the planet.”可知,此处的it指的是上文提到的塑料污染。6.What is believed to be the start of the pollution off Andros?A.Collapse of a waste site.B.Extremely bad weather.C.Waste thrown away by tourists.D.Plastic waste produced by the Greeks.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“The sea pollution off Andros is thought to date back to 2011,when heavy rain caused a waste site to collapse.Most of the waste fell into the sea.”可知,污染的开始是垃圾场的坍塌。7.Where does the rubbish finally end up according to Ross?A.The oceans.B.In the fields.C.In the rubbish sites.D.The waste treatment factories.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段Ross所说的话“If people are wondering where their rubbish ends up,we see it each time we go into the water”可知,垃圾最终进入了海里。8.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Gulf of Plastic Corals Found in Aegean SeaB.The Paradise Lies in the Caribbean SeaC.Coral Reefs Are Full of Every ColourD.Water Pollution Is Very Serious答案A解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,潜水员在希腊安德罗斯岛的水下仿佛看到了一个色彩缤纷并随着洋流缓缓流动的海底世界。那是数万吨的塑料废物,在这里堆积如山,形成了一种“珊瑚礁”。由此可知,A项可作为本文的标题。5