2022年中考英语语法专题详解十四-中考英语语法考点专题精讲精练.docx

2022年中考英语语法专题详解十四|中考英语语法考点专题精讲精练中考网权威发布2022年中考英语语法专题详解十四，更多2022年中考英语语法专题详解十四相关信息请访问中考网。专题十四 定语从句考点聚焦一、什么是定语从句 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。二、定语从句的关系词一般状况下，假如先行词表示人的名词或代词时，关系词应用who，whom或that。who和that在从句中可以作主语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾语。whose在从句中常作主语的定语，通常指人，也可以指物，表示“谁的”.。先行词假如是表示物的名词或代词时，用that或which均可，但有些状况只能用that，有些状况只能用which。三、在下列状况下，定语从句的关系代词多用that1. 当先行词为all，something，anything等不定代词时用that。如：You should tell me all(that)you have know about.你因该把你所知道的状况告知我。Here is something that my father needs.这正是我父亲所须要的东西。2. 当先行词被every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，用that。如：He has spent all the money that his father gave him.他已经把父亲给他的钱都花掉了。Tom tried every means that he could do to finish the job on time but he failed.为了完成工作，汤姆想尽了一切方法，但他还是失败了。3. 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，用that。如：This is the second letter that I received from my younger sister this month.这是我这个月收到我妹妹的其次封信。Gone with the Wind is one of the best films that I have ever seen.乱世佳人是我看过的最好的影片之一。4. 先行词被only, very, same, last等词修饰时，用that。如：This is the only book that you can read in these few days.这是你最近几天能看的唯一一本书了。That is the very magazine that he is looking for .那正是他要找的那本杂志。4. 在限制性定语从句中关系代词作表语时应用that。如：The distance that you are from home is immaterial.你离家的距离是微乎其微的。6. 当主语中已出现which而为了避开重复时运用that。如：Which is the book that you need?你须要的是哪一本书呢?7. 当先行词既有人，又有物时，引导词只用that。如：He can see two boys and some trees that are at a distance of five hundred meters.他望见在五一百零一米外有两个男孩和一些树。四、在下列状况中则多用which1. 非限制性定语从句多用which。如：Canada, which is in North America, is the second largest country in the world.位于北美洲的加拿大是世界其次大国。2. 介词之后的定语从句多用which。如：This is the stamp for which he is looking.这正是他要找的那枚邮票。3.“those+复数名词”之后的定语从句，用which。如：A supermarket should keep a stock of those goods which sell well.商场应储存一些销量好的商品。4.定语从句离先行词较远时，用which。如：My grandmother gave me a gift of great value on my birthday which I liked very much.在我生日的那一天，我奶奶给了我一件特别宝贵的礼物，我特别喜爱它。5. 先行词为代词that时，为避开重复，其后的定语从句的引导词多用which(非正式英语也用that)。如：He told me that which I had told you before.他告知我的是以前我曾经给你说过的那件事。五、在下列状况下，关系代词一般用who(指人)1. 非限制性定语从句中，用who。如：Lincoln,who was murdered at a theatre in Washington,D.C.,died on April 15,1865.林肯在首都华盛顿的一家剧院被人暗杀，于1865年4月15日去世。2. 当不定代词everybody(everyone)，anybody(anyone)，all one，ones等为先行词时，关系代词一般用who。如：One who doesnt work hard will never succeed.不努力的人恒久不会胜利的。Is there anybody who can swim across the river?有人能游过这条河吗?3.当先行词为those或people时，关系代词一般用who.Those who want to see the exhibition must sign their names here.要看这个展览的人必需在这里签名。People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly.有时候，眼睛看得见的人也会做同样的傻事。4.在被分割开来的定语从句中，先行词为人时，关系代词一般用who，如：I met a boy at the English Corner yesterday who can speak English fluently.昨天，我在英语角上遇到一个能讲一口流利英语的男孩。5.在以there be 开头的存在句型中，先行词为人，关系代词一般用who.如：There was an old lady who wanted to see you at the gate just now.刚才大门口有一位老妇人有事找你。实战演练(2×50) 计分:1. Is the girl _is reading a book under that big tree your sister?No. My sister is in France.A. who B. whom C. whose2. Jim dislike people _talk much but never do anything.A .who B. whom C. whose3. This is the school _I studied in three years ago.A. where B. when C. which4. What do you usually do in your leisure time?I enjoy reading in the library _I lose myself with a lot of good books.A. where B. when C. which5. I love singers _write their own musicA .who B. which C. what6. The village _I visited last year has changed a lot.Really? I hope to go there one day.A. that B. who C. when7 .The old woman _is wearing a pair of glasses _Mrs.BlackA. which, are B. who, are C. who ,is8. Do you like music _makes you relaxed?A. it B. what C. that9. The girl _.you talked with at the school gate is our new math teacher.A. whose B. which C. whom10. I like the teacher _is strict with us.A. which B. who C. whose11. I cannot forget the time _the earthquake happened on in Yushu.A. when B. which C. who12. Do you know the boy _is sitting next to Peter.Yes ,He is Peters friend.They are celebrating his ninth birthday.A. who B. whose C. which13. I have bought a dress _I like best .A. who B. where C. which14. The camel _I rode had a bad temper, and I got tired.A. that B. whose C. who15.George Mallory was an English teacher loved climbing.A. who B. whom C. he16. The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children , isnt it?Yes ,it has built many schools _those children can study happily.A. where B. when C. whom17. The police caught the man _stole my hand-bag.A. he B. that C. whom18. The foreigner _visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. who C. whose19. Anyone _is punished.A. who break the rules B. who breaks the rulesC. whom break the rules20. The place _interested me most was the Children"s Palace.A. Which B. where C. what21.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to22.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed in B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at23. Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. in which24. That is the day _I"ll never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which25. The factory _we"ll visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which26. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which27.This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year28. Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked29. The pen _he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which30.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which31.Is there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A. who B. who"s C. whose32.I"m interested in all _you have said.A. that B. what C. which33. I want to use the dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what34. He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whom35. The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. who36. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom37. I lost a book, _I can"t remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it38. Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for which B. for that C. in which39. I can never forget the day when we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. which B. when C. on which;40. The man _hair is white is American.A. which B. whose C. what41. My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them.A. who B. which C. it42. I shall never forget those years _ I spend on the farm with the farmers.A. when B. that C. where43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A. owns; are B. own; is C. own; are44. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which45. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected.A. which B. that C. what46. Do you know the woman about her information _ is crying over there?A. who B. whose C. which47. - Do you know the boy _ wears a blue shirt?- Yes, hes Jill.A. who B. which C. whose48. -What kind of music would your mother like?- She prefers music quiet and gentle.A. that are B. that is C. which has49.-The skirt is made of silk is very comfortable. Would you like one?- Let me have a look .A. who B. what C. that50. I like places _ are quiet and beautiful.A. those B. which C. where参考答案15AACAA610ACCCB1115BACAA1620ABBBA2125CACAC2630ACAAC3135CAABC3640CAAAB4145BBBAA4550AABCB 第16页 共16页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页第 16 页 共 16 页