2022初中教案人教版初三（上）英语第23讲：Unit 12词汇（教师篇）.docx

第23讲 Unit 12词汇篇 _第十二单元重点单词和句型词语解析：1.unexpected用作形容词，意为“出乎意料的；始料不及的”。是由形容词expected(意料的)加前缀un构成。2.oversleepoversleep是动词，意为“睡过头；睡得太久”，是合成词，由over(超过)+sleep (睡觉)构成，其过去式和过去分词都是overslept。3.by the time(1)by the time意为“不迟于；在之前”，相当于not later than (a time) 或before，可用于一般将来时或者过去完成时。(2) by the time意为“到时为止；到时”，注重时间的截止。4.What happened?发生了什么事？来源:学科网happen指偶然的、没有预料的“发生”，其结果往往给人带来不幸或麻烦。【拓展】(1) happen to sb./sth.指某人或某物发生什么事。(2)happen to do sth.表示“碰巧做某事”。来源:学科网(3)It happened that意为“碰巧”。5.give sb.a lift 该短语意为“捎某人一程”，书面语。与give sb.a ride意思相同，只不过该短语常用于口语中。6.discovery discovery用作名词，意为“发现；发觉”。其动词形式为discover，意为“发现”。7.marrymarry作及物动词，意为“嫁、娶；与结婚”。其常用法有：(1)marry sb.意为“和某人结婚；嫁给某人”。(2)marryto意为“将嫁给”。【拓展】get married 结婚； be/get married to 和结婚【注意】marry和get married都是终止性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如果表示结婚一段时间，应该用be married。8.cancel cancel用作动词，意为“取消；终止”。其过去式和过去分词可以是canceled，也可以是cancelled。9.believable believable作形容词，意为“可相信的；可信任的”。其动词形式为believe，意为“相信”；其反义词为unbelievable意为“难以置信的”。10.disappear disappear用作动词，意为“消失；不见”。其反义词为appear，意为“出现”。11.Many April Fools jokes may end up being not very funny.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并非十分好玩。 end up意为“结束；以告终”，后接介词或动名词。12.fool来源:学,科,网(1)作名词，意为“白痴；傻瓜”。(2)作动词，意为“欺骗；愚弄”。【拓展】其形容词形式为foolish，意为“傻的；愚蠢的”。13.invite的用法invite作及物动词，其用法主要有：(1)invite sb.to sth.意为“邀请某人去”。(2)invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。来源:学科网ZXXK(3)invite sb.to some place意为“邀请某人去某地”。【拓展】invitationn.邀请14.辨析embarrassing与embarrassed(1)embarrassing意为“使人尴尬的；令人为难的”，主语一般指物。(2)embarrassed意为“窘迫的；害羞的”，主语一般是人。15.get dressed get dressed意为“穿衣”，由get+dressed这一过去分词构成，类似的用法还有：get lost“迷路”；get caught in the rain“困在雨中”等。【拓展】get dressed in+颜色/衣服；dress sb.意为“给某人穿衣服”。16.costume party该短语意为“化装舞会”17.be about to do sth.be about to do sth.是一种表示将来的结构，这种结构表现为“眼前的；眼下的”将来，即很快、马上就要发生，不能与时间状语连用。【链接】be going to do sth.也是将来时的一种结构，但其表示“即将；打算”做什么，其后可以与时间状语连用。18.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我们直愣愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟，无法相信。(1)stare表示“(目不转睛地)盯着瞧；凝视”的意思，是不及物动词，当接宾语时需要用介词at来引入所注视的内容。(2)介词短语in disbelief用来表示人们持有怀疑、疑虑的态度，常与stare at sb.,shake ones head等搭配使用。(3)on,over,above的辨析三个词都表示“在上”的意思。其区别是：on表示“在上面”，物体与物体之间互相接触。来源:学#科#网over强调垂直的正上方。above表示“在上方”，只表示在某物上的高低位置，且互不接触。19.till既可以用作连词，又可以用作介词，表示“到；直到”谓语动作或状态延续的时间终点。因为，肯定句中的谓语必须是延续性动词。若主句是瞬间动词，则主句的动词要用否定形式，或含有否定意义的词，意为“直到才”。重点句式1. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.当我起床时，我哥哥已经进了浴室了。2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already gone. 当我出来时，公汽已经走了。3. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把背包忘在家里了。4. By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.当我走进教室时，老师已经开始讲课了。5. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already showed up.当我到达晚会时， 其他的每个人都已经到了。6. When he put the noodles into the bowl, he realized he had forgotten to add the green beans.当他把面条放进碗里时，他意识到他忘了添加绿豆荚了。7. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he had gone into the building. 在她得到一个向他告别的机会之前，他已经进入楼房了。1.It was such an _joke that everyone felt really .A. embarrassing; embarrassed B. embarrassed; embarrassingC. embarrassed; embarrassed D. embarrassing; embarrassing2.Emilys new books are very popular.They were _in an hour.A.sold out B.showed up C.put off D.took out3.Will you take part in the football game on Sunday afternoon?Yes,but it has been _because of the rain.A.refused B.controlled C.cancelled D.served4.Look!What is over there?It may be a plane flying_the sky.A. at B.over C.above D.in5.My aunt always hopes to _a doctor.A.marry B.marry to C.be married D.get married解析：1. B. Embarrassed尴尬地; embarrassing令人尴尬的2. A.sell out 卖光，show up 炫耀，put off推迟 took out取出3. C.cancell 取消，refuse拒绝,control控制,serve服务4. D.辨别介词 in,in the sky5. A.marry sb/get married to sb 嫁娶sb 基础演练I.用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。invite, embarrassed, fool, costume, happen1.I felt like a _when I realized my mistake.2.Mary wears a beautiful _at the party.3.Last Sunday my friend _me to her birthday party.4.Lets go and see what is _over there.5.I was very _at the party because I wore the wrong clothes.II.根据汉语提示完成英语句子，每空一词。1.I left for the train station when my alarm clock_ _ (发出响声).2.Dont _ _ (熬夜) too late, or you will feel tired in class.3.Mike didnt _ _ (露面) until 2:00 in the afternoon.4.The _ _ (化装舞会) was exciting. Everyone had a lot of fun.5.After Jack _ _ (穿上衣服),he went out with a camera.III.词汇运用。来源:学。科。网A)根据句意及首字母提示写出正确的单词。1.I ate two delicious apple p_at Tonys home yesterday.2.Look!There are something strange a_the sky.3.Have you ever been f_by your classmates?4.We had to c_the plan because you made a wrong decision.5.The students were playing soccer when the bell r_.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.These _ (lady) like dancing on the square every night.2.I can see some _ (work) building a new bridge.3.The boy wants to be an _ (office) when he grows up.4.Some animals and plants _ (appear) in the area because of pollution.5.Its too_ (expected).I dare not to believe the result.IV.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1.王先生碰巧开车路过，但是不幸的是，他并没捎我一程。Mr.Wang happened to drive past,but unluckily,he didnt_ _ _ _.2.她疑惑地摇摇头，不相信。She shook her head_ _.3.他今天早上没有参加会议。He didnt_ _in the meeting this morning.4.你要的书都卖完了。The books you ask for are all _ _.5.校运会下周举行。The school sports meeting will_ _next week.答案：I.1.fool 2.costume 3.invited 4.happening 5.embarrassedII.1.went off 2.stay up 3.show up 4.costume party 5.got dressedIII.A)1.pies 2.above 3.fooled 4.cancel 5.rang B)1.ladies 2.workers 3.officer 4.disappear 5.unexpectedIV.1.give me a lift 2.in disbelief 3.show up 4.sold out 5.take place巩固提高I.单项选择。1.I have refused such a good job. Im really a(n) _.A.artist B.farmer C.fool D.actor2.Molly didnt wake up even though her alarm clock _.A.ran off B.went off C.took off D.turned off来源:Z.xx.k.Com3.Cindy invited me _to her house for dinner this weekend.A. to going B. went C. to go D. go4.Did you see Tom at the airport?No. His plane _by the time I _there.A. has taken off; got B. took off; had got C. took off; got D. had taken off; got5.We waited for Mrs.Li for nearly two hours until she_in the end.A.gave up B.put up C.showed up D.looked up6.The wounded fish is swimming in the river.It is still_ .A.alive B.living C.live D.lively7.We didnt find out seats_the play had begun.A.because B.till C.so D.unless8.You had better hurry or well be late for the plane.The plane will_in a few minutes.A.take up B.take down C.take off D.take awayII.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1.所有的花在两小时内卖完了。All the flowers were_ _in two hours.2.我们打算出去，但是最终在家看英语录像片。We were going out,but_ _watching English language videos at home.3.你的叔叔什么时候结的婚？When did your uncle_ _?4.锻炼能帮助人们减肥。Exercising can help people_ _.5.去年我的故乡发生了很大的变化。Great changes_ _in my hometown last year.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。6.当地震发生的时候，一些人仓促地跑出了大楼。Some people_ _ the building when the earthquake happened.7.天冷了，你应该穿上你的外套。Its cold. You should_ _your coat.来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K8.我的女儿一听到闹钟响，总是起床穿衣。My daughter always gets up and gets dressed as soon as her alarm clock_ _.9.是上班的时候了，我能搭你的车吗？ Its time to go to work. Could you_ _ _?10.当我到家的时候，他们已经吃过晚饭了。 _ _ _I got home, they had had dinner.答案：I. CBCADABCII.1.sold out 2.end up 3.get married 4.lose weight 5.took place6.rushed out 7.put on 8.goes off 9.give me a lift 10.By the time.单项选择。1._we got to the shop,it had been closed.A.In the time B.At the timeC.On the time D.By the time2.The dentist didnt _until it was nine oclock in the evening.A.show up B.show offC.show around D.show to3. _students are playing on the playground now.A.Hundred B.Hundred ofC.Hundreds of D.Two hundreds of4.Mr.Smith will arrive_the airport_around 10:00 am.A.at;in B.in;atC.in;in D.at;at5.You _,didnt you?来源:学科网 Yes,I did.When I woke up,it was already 11 oclock.A.overslept B.failed C.won D.refused6.Was your brother_officer in the army? Yes.He joined the army ten years ago.A.a B.an C./ D.the7.Thanks a lot for giving me _. Its my pleasure.A.lift B.lifting C.a lift D.left8.Dont_him.After all,he is a child.A.lift B.fool C.know D.burn9.There is a big_in the town.We can buy different kinds of things in it.A.market B.teammate C.discovery D.speech10.Im happy to receive your present and I like it very much. _A.Thats all right. B.Dont mention it.C.Im glad you like it. D.Im sorry to hear that.11.Will you take part in the football game on Sunday afternoon?Yes,but it has been _because of the rain.A.refused B.controlled C.cancelled D.served12.I decided to play a joke _my sister _April Fools Day.A.at;at B.on;on C.at;on D.on;at.完形填空。I was in a big hurry yesterday because I had to be somewhere before noon. When I was trying to move through the heavy traffic, I saw an old man 1 by the side of the road. He was trying to catch a taxi. In such busy hours, no taxi stopped for him. My heart felt so 2 because the old man had to stand like that in the terrible heat. So I stopped next to him.“Hello, 3 do you want to go?” I asked him.“Why dont you get inside? Its so hot 4 you to stand there.” He seemed a little shocked but he opened the door and got into the 5 .I adjusted the air conditioning (调节空调)for him and then we started down the road.He kept 6 me all the way, although I told him not to. An hour later, he thanked me again when he was leaving. Then I 7 on to where 1 had to be. Just then, I got a call from my husband who said his company had 8 a big contract (合同).Oh, I had just done one small thing but we had got so 9 .This was a very big achievement for us.In the afternoon, I took my husband to 10 to celebrate. We bought two new shirts. But to our surprise, the salesperson gave us a third shirt as a gift. Oh, helping others can really bring us good luck!来1.A.standing B.readingC.lying D.running2.A.big B.smallC.heavy D.light3.A.why B.howC.where D.when4.A.from B.ofC.with D.for5.A.room B.carC.restaurant D.store6.A.thanking B.foolingC.answering D.watching7.A.walked B.workedC.rushed D.jumped8.A.lost B.won来源:学,科,网Z, C.created D.sold9.A.much B.littleC.hard D.easily10.A.cat B.travelC.swim D.shop答案：I.DACDAB CBACCBII. ACCDB ACBAD_I.单项填空1.I think I have _ my key in the car.(2015-2016浙江单元测试）Aforget Bleft Cforgotten Dleave2.By the time he got up, he found his father _ to work.(2015-2016浙江单元测试）Awent Bhave gone Cgone Dhad gone3.What happened _ Cindy yesterday?(2015-2016浙江单元测试） She was hit in a car accident.Aon Bto Cin Dfor4.When I got to the bus stop, the bus _ already _ for 5 minutes.(2015-2016浙江单元测试）Ahas; left Bhad; left Chas; been away Dhad; been away5._， he got an “A” in the final exam.(2015-2016浙江单元测试）ALuck BLucky CLuckily DTo lucky6. Did you see the basketball star yesterday when he came to visit our school yesterday? No, when I _to school, he had already left.A. got B. get C. had got D. have got7. They were doing homework when the telephone _. A. rings B. was ringing C. rang D. has rang8. _ were you late for school? My alarm didnt go off this morning, I kept sleeping until it was 8:00. A. How B. When C. what D. Why9. Seeing the burning building, I felt lucky to be _. A. live B. living C. lively D. alive10. Actor Orson Welles described _ in his famous trick. A. where had aliens landed B. where aliens had landed C. where will aliens land D. where aliens will landII.完形填空 The end of the school year was coming quickly. I was so excited because it was time for the school play tryouts. This years play was called Mystery at the Lighthouse. I was 1 to get the lead part of Joe who tries to solve the mystery of the lights that go on and off by themselves. After school, all those who wanted to 2 out for the play met in the gym at 3:30. My friend Kevin and I sat and waited for our turn to read for the play. The next day, the 3 were posted on the wall outside the gym. Kevin got a part in the play. However, I did not see my name. I felt 4 inside! I was sure I would get the part. "I cant understand why Im not in the play,” I said to my Mom. “Rick, it just 5 that someone was a little better than you. You shouldnt give up just because of this one time. Look at all the other things youre good at,” said Mom. “Youre great with art and drawing and youre a super soccer player.” “I guess so,” I said 6 I went to my room. The next day at school Mr. Carter, the art teacher, asked me if I would be interested in doing some drawing and painting for the play. “I know how good you are with 7 ,” said Mr. Carter. “We sure could use the help drawing with the different scenes in the play.” “Really?” I asked. “You want me to help draw for the play?” “I sur