2022初中教案人教版初三（上）英语第28讲：Unit 14语法（教师篇）.docx

第28讲 Unit 14语法篇 _复习中学阶段学习过的各种时态和语态。Think引导的宾语从句感叹句宾语从句： 第一，宾语从句的引导词常常有以下三种：由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为that，that在口语或非正式文体中可省略；由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为if或whether；由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即what，when，where等。如：We knew（that）we should learn from each other. I want to know if（whether）he lives there. Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office? 第二，语序。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。也就是说，将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。如：Can you tell me what he will do tomorrow? 你能告诉我他明天将要做什么吗？【提示】当疑问词在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。如：I dont know what is wrong with him. 我不知道他出什么事了。 第三，时态。主句为一般现在时态，则宾语从句根据实际情况用任意的时态；但主句为一般过去时态时，宾语从句则要用过去的相对应的某种时态。如：She tells me that she will come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。 She told me that she would come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在时态。如：Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon.老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。【举例】I think（that）he will come here by train. 我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。He asked me if / whether I knew his new address. 他问我是否知道他的新地址。 I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。 He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光速要比声速快。She told me that she would come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来感叹句：句子中 “How fast the time went by！”是感叹句。感叹句是英语的一种句型，用来表示人的强烈感情。一般说来，感叹句是由 what 或 how 开头的，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调，它有两个类型：用 what 引导的感叹句有三种句式：1.What +a / an + 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！ 如：What a fine day it is！（多么好的天气啊！）2. What + 形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语！ 如：What good teachers they are!（他们是多么好的老师啊！）3.What + 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！ 如：What round bread it is！（这是一块多么圆的面包啊！） 二、用 how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式：4. How 形容词主语谓语！ 如：How hot it is today！（今天天气多热啊！）5.How 副词主语谓语！ 如：How hard he works！（他工作多么努力啊！）6. How + 主语谓语！ 如：How she dances！（她跳舞跳得多好啊！）注意：what 和 how 引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。 如：How cold（ it is ）！What a good girl！ What delicious fish!【举例】（1）What an old building that is！ 那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊！（2）What beautiful flowers these are！ 这些是多么美丽的花啊！（3）What thick ice we are having here！ 我们这儿的冰多厚啊！（4）How beautiful the flowers are！ 这些花多么美丽啊！（5）How well she sings！ 她歌唱得多好啊！1. Please tell me . I have some good news for him.（2008 重庆市）A. where Robert livesB. where does Robert liveC. where Robert livedD. where did Robert live2. The manager came up to see .A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter3. delicious the dish is!A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. How a4. strange clothes he is wearing!A. What a B. WhatC. How aD. How5. By the time I got to the bus, I realized I _ my school ID card at school.4. A.left B. have left C. had left D.has left解析：1. A.考查宾语从句2. B.考查宾语从句3. B.考查感叹句4. B.考查感叹句5. C.考查宾语从句，过去完成时 基础演练I.单项选择1. I almost forget the worst thing that _ me last year. A. happened               B. happened to    C. took place       D. take place2.We dont know It is said that he was born in Canada（2008 汕头）Awhat he is Bwhen he was born Cwhere he comes from D.if he lives here3. The workers were made _ day and night in the old days.A. work                    B. worked           C. to work          D. works4. I hope you _ my party next weekend.OK, I _.A. to come to, will      B. come to, will       C. can come to, am               D. can come to, will 5.She told me the sun _ in the east.A.rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen6. -_ handsome boy! Whos he? -Oh, hes my cousin Eric.A. What B. What a C. How a7. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow.Please try _ late.A. have, not to be B. have, not be      C. be, not to be     D. be, not be答案：I.BCCDCBC巩固提高I.句型转换1. He is able to do the work. (改为同义句)He has the _ _ do the work.2. Remember to tell Jim the news as soon as you see him. （改为同义句）_ _ _ tell Jim the news as soon as you see him3. I dont know where I can find my dog. (改为简单句)I dont know _ _ find my dog.4. My mother sent me a birthday present last week. (变为被动语态)A birthday present _ _ _ me by my mother last week.5. He join ed the school band. (用for 2 years 改写)He _ _ _ the school band for 2 years.II单项选择1. There _ a teacher and 40 students in the classroom.A. is                   B. are                 C. has               D. have2. The painting _ to a museum in New York in 2000.A. sells               B. was sold         C. sold               D. is sold3. -Can you tell me _? -Oh, yes. I like collecting stamps, A. what is your hobby B. what your hobby is C. what do you like doing4. foggy it was yesterday!A. What B. What a C. HowD. How a5. carelessly you did your homework!A. HowB. What a C. WhatD. How a答案：I.Ability to, Dont forget to, how to,was sent to, has been inII.ABBCA1.Last year, a new factory _ in our town.A. is built B. was built C. will be built2. Look! The children are all on the playground. _ happily they are playing football.A. How a B. How C. What a D. What3. The park is the oldest one in our city. Yes. It _ when I was sixteen years old.A. is built B. was built C. build D. built4. Do you know _? The Adventure of Tom Sawyer.A. what her favorite book is B. what is her favorite bookC. her favorite book what is D. what her favorite book was5. Do you remember Wang Yang in our class? Of course. I remember he _ the first prize in a chess match.A. wins B. had won C. will win D. Won6. Could you tell me ?（2008 青海省）A. When will Mary come back B. When Mary comes back C. When Mary will come back 7.Do you know , Mike? On May 12th,2008.（2008 山西省）A. when the earthquake took place in Wen ChuanB. when did the earthquake take place in Wen ChuanC. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan 8. an interesting subject it is!A. WhatB. How C. What anD. How anII完形填空A science teacher wants to show some idea to his students. He takes a large-mouth bottle and l several large stones in it. He then asks the class, "Is the bottle full now?" They all reply, "Yes! "The teacher then takes some small rocks and puts them into the 2 . The small rocks go into the 3 between the big rocks. He then asks, “Is it full?" This time some students give no answer, but most reply, "Yes!" The teacher then starts to drop some sand into the bottle. The sand 4 the spaces between the small rocks. For the 5 time, the teacher asks, "Is it full?" Now most are doubting, but still, some reply, "Yes ! "Then the teacher brings out a cup of water into the bottle. "What's the 6 of this show?" asks the teacher. One 7 student answers, "No matter (无论) how 8 you are, you can always find time to do some more things.” “No," says the teacher, "the point is that 9 you don't place the big rocks into the bottle first, you'll never get them in. The big rocks are the 10 things in your life. If you fill your life with small things-as shown by the small rocks, the sand and the water-you'll never have the time for the important things."l. A. touches B. places C. pushes D. hits2. A. mouth B. cup C. bottle D. bowl3. A. spaces B. rooms C. fields D. edges4. A. puts up B. turns up C. sets up D. fills up5. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth6. A. point B. method C. progress D. rule7. A. angry B. funny C. bright D. crazy8. A. busy B. rich C. great D. popular9. A. what B. until C. unless D. if10. A. pleasant B. important C. friendly D. interesting【2：答案：I.BBBABCAA II. 1-5BCADC 6-10ACADB_I.单项选择1.When Li Ming arrived home, he found that his mother already to hospital. (2014-15山西期中）A. has; been sent B. had; been sent C. has; sent 2. Have you found out lost the bike?(2014-15山西期中） Not yet. No one knows it is. A. who; whose B. whose; whose C. who; who 3. Remember _ the door when you leave the room.(2014-15山西期中） -OK, I will. A. to lock B. locking C. lock D. locked4. I'm looking forward _ my parents soon. What about you?2(2014-15山西期中）1·3*1网 -Me too. A. seeing B. to see C. see D. to seeing5. The young lady guided us _ through the forest.(2014-15山西期中） A. walk B. walking C. to walk D. walked6. -_ have you been married? -For twenty years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon7. The astronaut is so tired that he _ for eleven hours. A. has been asleep B. has fallen asleep C. has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep78. Mr. Zhang _ physics in Beijing since 1990. A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. has taught2131网49. Linda's father hates waiting in long lines. I think he's just not very _.01 A. patient B. talented C. popular D. powerful·3·1·网】10. -We've been trying hard, but can't solve the problem. -I think you can _ it in another way. A. share with B. deal with C. keep up with D. point out with211名师】II.阅读理解ASTUDY BOOKSLearning How to Learn $ 24.99Children who read this book show great interest in study. Many pictures will help understand it easily and quickly.Basic Study Manual $ 38.50Read this book and learn:What the three barriers (障碍) to study are and what to do about them.What to do if you are fed up with a subject. Children read it to improve the ability (能力) to study.How to Use a Dictionary for Children $ 35.00Read this book and learn:How to find words in a dictionary.What the different marks in a dictionary mean.How to use a dictionary to pronounce (发音) words correctly.Buy this book and help children unlock their education. What's more, you'll just pay 50% for it before July l, 2015.1. According to the ads, these three books are for _.9A. men B. parents C. children D. women2. Many pictures in the book Learning How to Learn can _. A. make the book beautiful B. make the children draw beautifully C. make the book sell well D. make the children understand the book easily3. _ can tell you the meaning of the different marks in a dictionary. A. Learning How to Learn B. Study Skills for Life C. Basic Study Manual D. How to Use a Dictionary for Children4. If you buy the three books on June 18, 2015, you will have to pay _ for them. A. $ 98.49 B. $49.25 C. $80.99 D. $79.245. The purpose (目的) of the passage is to _. A. sell the three books to children B. help children learn English C. help children learn about nature D. use a dictionary to pronounce correctlyB"Homestay is a form of study abroad program. It allows the visitor to rent a room from a local (当地的) family to better understand the local lifestyle. It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability," said a teacher during a school meeting last term. "Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience should join this kind of holiday. I am sure you won't be disappointed (失望的)."After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of holiday. Last month I had a chance at last to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.8As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. After we got to London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that my host family (寄宿家庭) was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them, too.【0：5】The holiday was filled with activities every day. After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his car. Then we would have classes or go on a sight-seeing trip to different places of interest like the Big Ben, the London Bridge, and the Buckingham Palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities.The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast. Three weeks later, we had to leave "home" for Hong Kong.1. In the "homestay" program, a visitor can _.A. learn more about holidaysB. understand his culture betterC. improve the language abilityD. take part in foreign meetings2. The writer had wanted to visit London since _.A. last month B. years agoC. the special meeting D. her stay abroad3. The group leader should _.A. make plans for the familyB. take care of the studentsC. stay with different familiesD. rent rooms to the students4. The writer's host family _.A. was very kind to herB. went sightseeing with herC. had two white daughtersD. was interested in her activities5. From the passage we know that the writer _ in London.A. wished to stay a little longerB. spent three weeks in her homeC. had classes in many interesting placesD. helped the teacher take the students in a carIII. 任务型阅读阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。1 Our school is in the south of New York City. It's not big but it's clean and beautiful.2 As we go into the school, we can see there is a playground to our left and a small garden to our right. In the center of the school is our teaching building. When we go into the teaching building, we can see the Head Teacher's Room on the left and the offices on the right. There are thirty-five classrooms and a library in our school. The library has books on every subject.3 We have to wear uniforms (校服）to school. Boys wear white shirts, blue trousers, black shoes and white socks. Girls in Grades l-3 wear white sh