2022初中教案外研版初二（下）英语第5讲：unit 3 词汇篇（原卷版）.docx

Unit3 词汇篇 _1.熟练掌握重点单词、词组的用法2.理解并运用关于太空探索的话题1. up to:忙于 What are you up to? = What are you doing ? 2. the latest news: 最新的消息3. discover: 发现本已存在的客观事物、科学上的新发现。 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现了美洲。4. 1) no one = nobody 没有人, 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，只指人，不能指物。 No one likes this kind of book. 2) None: 可以接of短语，既可以指人也可以指物。 None of the coats is red.5. in order to do sth.:为了做某事，表目的，位于句首或句中，可与so as to do sth.相互转换。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. = In order to catch the first bus, he got up early.6. finish及物动词，意为“完成”。finish doing sth.意为“做完某事”7. billions of意为“数以十亿记的；大量的” 基数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion+可数名词复数，表示具体数目 hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of+可数名词复数，表示约数，意为数百/数千/数百万/数十亿8. impossible:形容词，不可能的。反义词possible:可能的。 it is impossible for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是不可能的。9. adj. / adv. + enough to do sth.:意为“足够可以做某事” enough作形容词修饰名词时，可以放在名词前，也可以放在名词后；enough作副词修饰形容词、副词或动词时，要放在修饰的词之后。10. alone: adj. 独自的、单独的 adv. 单独地、独自地 lonely: adj. 孤独的、寂寞的 He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.11. communicate with sb.: 与某人交流 n. communication交流 We need to communicate with our parents at home.12. just: 刚刚，用于现在完成时，位于助动词后，实义动词前。 just now = a moment ago 刚才，常与一般过去时连用，位于句末。 I saw an old friend just now.单项选择1.（2014山东聊城东昌府期中）-.-I'm writing a novel.A. What do you want?B. How do you do?C. How are you?D. What are you up to?2.（2014湖北荆州中考）-Do you have the news about Anna?-I was told she had gone abroad on June 15th, but I don't know whether she is there now.A. latestB. funniestC. longestD. worst3.（2015天津中考）Basketball is so exciting that people play it for fun.A. millionB. two millionsC. million ofD. millions of4.（2014广东中考）In order for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A. not to be lateB. not being lateC. to be lateD. being late5.（四川南充中考）-Math is too difficult, I nearly give it up. -Please don't, nothing is if you put your heart into it.A. importantB. impossibleC. interesting6.（2014新疆乌鲁木齐中考）-Can you understand me, Tony?-Yes, madam. You speak . I can follow you.A. enough clearB. clear enoughC. enough clearlyD. clearly enough7.（新疆乌鲁木齐中考）Why not your teacher for help when you can't finish story by yourself?A. to ask, writeB. to ask, writingC. ask, writingD. asking, to write基础演练一、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)1. The maths problem is too difficult.  (没有) of us can work it out in our class.2. It is  (不可能的) for us to finish the work in such a short time.3. I haven't  (发现) who broke the glass.4. Some  (宇航员) have reached the moon.5. Have you got the  (最新的) news about the drinking and driving in Beijing?6. I haven't received many letters  (最近).7. How can I get the  (信息) on space travel?二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空) 1. None of them has an e   with air, so people and things can't grow.2. The earth is a p  .3. They are a long way away and their light has travelled for many years to r   us.4. We all live in the u  .5. Why has no one c   with us?巩固提高三、按要求转换句型1. The traffic was too busy. So they were late. (改为同义句)The traffic was too busy.     they were late.2. They have reached Beijing. (改为同义句)They have     Beijing.3. My brother has just returned from Dalian. (改为同义句)My brother has just     from Dalian.4. My grandfather began to study computer so that he might keep up with times. (改为同义句)My grandfather began to study computer       keep up with times.5. I have learned hundreds of new words. (改为同义句)I have learned     new words.6. I can't run as quickly as my sister. (改为同义句)My sister can run       me.四、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)1. 学一种语言很难。It is difficult     a language.2. 宇宙飞船将发回大量的关于其他行星的资料。 The spaceship will send back     about other planets.3. 你认为警察在那栋老房子里搜查什么呢？What do you think the policemen are     in the old house?4. 事实上，太阳离我们非常遥远。In fact, the sun is very     from us.5. 我们不知道那是他不能来的原因。We don't know     he can't come here.6. 我们的老师说地球绕着太阳转。 Our teacher said that the earth     the sun.7. 他捐出二十亿美元帮助那里的人民。He gave   to help the people there.8. 他现在90多岁了。He is     ninety years old now.9. 当你离开时不要把你的婴儿单独留下。Don't   your baby   when you go away.一、单项选择1. While I was cleaning my room, my aunt  . A. reachedB. got toC. arrivedD. got at2. The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than   in Shanghai. A. thisB. itC. thatD. one3.   students took part in the sports meeting. A. Three hundred ofB. Hundred of C. Several hundredD. Three hundreds4. She's not strong enough   walking up mountains. A. to goB. goingC. goD. went5. There are millions of websites on the Internet and there   a lot of useful   on the websites. A. are; informationsB. are; information C. is; informationsD. is; information6. He listens to the weather report   the radio. A. inB. onC. atD. from7. With the help of the Internet, news can   every corner of the world. A. arriveB. reachC. goD. get8. - It snowed heavily last night. Is everyone in our class here today?- Yes, and   of us was late for school this morning. A. noneB. neitherC. allD. either9. -  ?- I'm looking for a book about the universe. A. What's wrong with youB. What do you do C. What are you up toD. Where are you going10. - Can you get me a ticket for the match?-  . A. Sorry, no problemB. Certainly, no problem C. Excuse me, I can'tD. Certainly, not problem二、完形填空 How much do you learn about the solar system? The following passage(短文) will tell you. The earth is a planet. It as well as seven 1   planets goes around the sun. We 2  the eight planets and the sun the solar system. The first planet, 3   the sun, is Mercury(水星). It is 58 million 4   from the sun. Venus(金星) is the second planet next to the sun, and 5 planet, the earth, is the third. It is 150 million kilometers from the sun. Jupiter(木星), Saturn(土星), Neptune(海王星) and Uranus(天王星) are all 6   than the earth, 7   Venus, Mars and Mercury are smaller than the earth. Animals, trees and humans can only 8   on the earththe other planets in our solar system do not 9   air or water. Do any planets in other galaxies have 10  ? We don't know about it.1.A. elseB. othersC. otherD. another2.A. knowB. callC. takeD. pick3.A. next toB. beforeC. out ofD. in front of4.A. yearsB. hoursC. metersD. kilometres5.A. ourB. theirC. herD. his6.A. lighterB. biggerC. shorterD. safer7.A. butB. orC. tillD. so8.A. knockB. tryC. liveD. land9.A. haveB. bringC. fillD. join10.A. planetB. systemC. galaxyD. life _ _一、单项选择1. - What do you think of the four classics(名著) of China?- They are wonderful, but I've read   of them. A. bothB. neitherC. noneD. all2. - Do you know who is the first woman to fly  ?- Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova from Russia. A. in spaceB. in the spaceC. from spaceD. at space3. The old man lives  . And he sometimes feels  . A. lonely; aloneB. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonelyD. alone; alone4. This movie wasn't  . He fell asleep half way through it. A. interesting enoughB. enough interesting C. interested enoughD. enough interested5. There may be   stars in the Milky Way. A. billionsB. billionC. billion ofD. billions of6. It is difficult   me   the work by myself. A. for; to finishB. on; finish C. on; to finishD. for; finishing7.   the development of economy(经济), my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. A. InB. OnC. ByD. With8. What   bad news! We can't get the movie tickets. A. aB. anC. theD. /9. - Mingming, you   TV for three hours. You should have a rest.- OK, Mum.A. have watchedB. are watchingC. watchesD. watch10. Sorry, I haven't finished the work  . A. alreadyB. beforeC. yetD. ever二、完形填空 I always believed in UFOs, but I didn't see one. My husband didn't believe in UFOs before that 1  . Last Friday night, he drove home 2   work. He drove near a gas station (加油站) when he saw a bright light. It looked 3   a light. It was low, and it wasn't moving. He didn't 4   too much about it. He thought maybe it was a street light, so he 5   up farther and then the light went off. But a few minutes later, it was on. He stopped the car. He 6   and looked around, but saw nothing. After a short while the 7   was on again. He got on the car and drove another 2 miles to our house. He sat in the 8   for a few minutes thinking of what he saw. He got out of the car and the moving light went off. Then when he looked back, he could 9   it in the sky. Then he was 10 it must be a UFO. He went into our house and told me about it.1.A. morningB. afternoonC. nightD. year2.A. beforeB. thenC. ofD. after3.A. likeB. ofC. outD. over4.A. watchB. lookC. thinkD. guess5.A. droveB. ranC. walkedD. jumped6.A. got inB. got downC. got offD. got on7.A. noiseB. trainC. carD. light8.A. gas stationB. carC. bedroomD. office9.A. watchB. hearC. seeD. look at10.A. boredB. sureC. interestedD. surprised三、阅读理解A Venus(金星) is only a little smaller than the earth, about 95% of the earth's diameter(直径) and 80% of the earth's mass(质量). The word Venus means the goddess of love and beauty in Greek. We name the planet so probably because it is one of the brightest planets we have known by now. We human beings have known Venus for a long time. It is the brightest thing in the sky except the sun and the moon. Venus reaches its maximum(最大的) brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset, and is often thought as the Morning Star or as the Evening Star. A lot of observation of Venus was important to Copernicus's Heliocentric Theory (日心说) of the solar system. In 1962 scientists sent the first spacecraft(宇宙飞船) to explore Venus. So far there have been more than 20 and we will know more about Venus in the future.1. What's Venus like? A. It's bigger and heavier than the earth. B. It's smaller and brighter than the moon. C. It's bigger and lighter than the sun. D. It's smaller and lighter than the earth.2. What does the word "Venus" mean in Greek? A. The goddess of love and beauty. B. The morning star. C. The evening star. D. The center of the solar system.3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Venus is not a planet. B. Venus is the brightest in the sky. C. Venus is in the solar system. D. People have never sent a spacecraft to Venus.4. What does the underlined word "observation" mean in Chinese? A. 理论B. 观察C. 学说D. 作品5. Scientists sent the first spacecraft to Venus in  . A. 2012B. 1942C. 1962D. 1982B All life on earth depends on the sun. Without the sun all living things on earth would die. The sun is a star. In space there are thousands of stars like the sun. They are almost as large as the sun and as hot as the sun. At night you can see many stars, but in the daytime you can only see one starthe sun. The sun is much nearer to us than any other star. That is why it looks like the biggest and brightest of all the stars. The distance of the sun from the earth is as much as 150 million kilometres. Most of the stars are thousands of light years away from the earth. Do you know what a light year is? Light travels about 300,000 kilometres a second. One light year is the distance that light travels in one year.6. What does the phrase "depends on" mean in Chinese? A. 决定B. 居住C. 环绕D. 依赖7. In space the sun is a  . A. starB. solar systemC. planetD. moon8. The sun looks like the biggest of all the stars because the stars  . A. are too small B. are too far away from the earth C. are too heavy D. are moving around the solar system9. Scientists often use   to measure(测量) the distance from the earth to some stars in the universe. A. light yearsB. kilometres C. millions of kilometresD. thousands of miles10. What's the best title of this passage? A. The Sun Is a Star B. The Sun Is Much Nearer to Us than Any Other Star C. The Knowledge About the Sun D. Light Travels About 300,000 Kilometres a SecondC（江西临川市第一中学2015年期中） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下列方框中的七个选项中选出最恰当的五个选项填入相应的空白处，使文章的内容完整，意思通顺。学Once upon a time, there was a man who married a proud and selfish woman as his second life._11_. By his first wife, the man had a beautiful young daughter, a girl with a sweet heart. The stepmother and her daughters asked the first daughter to do chores._12_. She would only go near the fireplace(壁炉）to keep warm. So she would often be found covered in cinders(灰）._13_. But Cinderella never told her father.One day, the prince invited all the young ladies in the country to a party, pla