高二物理-高二英语-随堂练习 虚拟语气（2）.doc

巩固练习. 翻译句子：1. 我们有必要出去散散步。 _2. 如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。 _3. 如果他开车更小心点，他昨天就不会出车祸了。 _4. 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 _5. 真遗憾你竟然错过了一个好机会。 _6. 你真该去上学了。 _7. 你本不应该告诉她真相。 _8. 我没有足够的钱，否则我会买那本书的。 _9. 如果我们国家每个人都懂急救，就会有许多生命被救。 _10. 我宁愿你现在付我钱。 _. 请改正下列句子中的错误。1. The doctor ordered that she stayed in bed for a few days.2. Id rather you will go to the concert with me this evening.3. If you had worked hard, you would have been very tired now.4. It is high time that we leave for our hometown.5. If only I can speak several foreign languages!6. I wish I didnt do such a foolish thing yesterday.7. What would have happened if you didnt help her?8. But for your great efforts, the work couldnt be finished on time. 单项选择。1. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall3. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be4. Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I _ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended5. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 6. _ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 7. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice. A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 8. If you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, we _ there now. Awould be Bwould have been Chave been Dwill be9. It is time that the government _ measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking 10. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come11. Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be12. If he _ to the teacher attentively, he _ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know13. I would have come earlier, but I _ that you were waiting for me. A. didnt know B. hadnt know C. would have known D. havent known14. Everything _ if Albert hadnt called the fire brigade. A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed15. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily.A. Had it not been B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for16. He _ busy yesterday, or he _ you with your experiment.A. was, had helped   B. was, would have helped       C. had been, would have helped  D. were, would have helped17. But for water, it _ impossible to live in the earth.A. is  B. would   be C. were    D. wouldnt be18. The thief closed his eyes _ he _dying. A. even if；was  B. though；would be      C. even；had been    D. as if；were19. Will you read me a story, Mummy? OK. You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall20. I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt goC. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone21. What the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes.A. requested, deliver B. demand, be delivered C. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered22. If the doctor had been available, the child _. A. would not die B. would not have died C. could not die D. could not have died23. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leaveB. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave24. Mr Li required the computer equipment referred _ used in every classroom. A. should be B. have to be C. to be D. to being25. Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country. Who is Yang Liwei?What a question! It is surprising _ the first spaceman in China. A. you didnt know our national hero B. to you not to know himC. you should know nothing about D. you knew nothing about 答案与解析：. 翻译句子：1. Its necessary that we should have a walk now.2. If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.3. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.4. If only our parents could live with us!5. Its a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.6. It is high time that you went / should go to school.7. You shouldnt have told her the truth.8. I didnt have enough money. Otherwise I would have bought that book.9. If everyone in our country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.10. I would rather you paid me now. 请改正下列句子中的错误。1. stayed (should) stay。order的宾语从句的谓语用“（should）+ 动词原形”的虚拟结构。 2. will go went。would rather后的宾语从句中，用过去时表示现在或将来要做的事情。 3. would have been would be。从句说的是过去，所以用过去完成时，而主句指的是现在，即现在的虚拟结果，所以用“would + 动词原形”。4. leave left/should leave。在“It is （high）time that ”句型中，从句的谓语动词一般用过去式或should+动词原形，should不可省。 5. can could。if only引出的句子要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用一般过去时表示目前的愿望。 6. didnt do hadnt done。wish后的宾语从句谓语用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望。7. didnt help hadnt helped。主句用“would / should + have + 过去分词”，表示过去时间的虚拟条件从句要用过去完成时。 8. couldnt be couldnt have been。句意：要不是你那么努力，工作就不会准时完成了。从but for（要不是）短语中的“great”可知，“你”已经付出了努力，是暗含的条件，所以后面句子相当于虚拟条件句的主句，而且与过去事实相反，应该用couldnt have been。. 单项选择。1. B。考查if条件的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，条件句省略了if，把had提前。2. B。考查混合虚拟语气，根据at the age of seven可知从句为对过去的假设，须用过去完成时。3. B。虚拟条件句中含有were或had，should时， if可省,将were, had, should提到主语前面，从句是与将来事实相反的假设，所以用should，实际上“you”也不会被解雇。而主句说明的事实，所以用了will。4. D。从上下文可知，说话人没有参加讲座，省略了从句“if I hadnt been busy”，主句与过去事实相反，因此选D。5. D。前句是省略了if的与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，而由now可知主句与现在事实相反，所以用would be。6. B。从句子的后半部分“I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.”可知用了虚拟语气形式，所以前面用but for（要不是）引出相当于条件句的介词短语。In spite of 尽管；Because of 因为；As for 就.而言。7. C。If only引出的句子是一个条件句，要用虚拟语气；从上文可知说话人后悔没有听从对方的建议，应该用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。8. A。此句是混合虚拟条件句，前面是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，后面的结果句受now影响应该与现在事实相反，所以选A。9. B。句型“It is time that.”从句的谓语动词用一般过去时表示虚拟。10. C。从“He was very busy yesterday”可知，谈论的是过去的事，otherwise相当于“如果昨天不忙的话”，所以主句用would have done。11. D。“Without electricity”相当于条件句，从today可知句子与现在事实相反，所以谓语动词用would be。句意：如果没有电，人类今天的生活会完全不同了。12. D。句意：如果他认真听老师讲课了，他现在就会知道问题的答案了。从句与过去事实相反，用had listened；主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。13. A。前面的分句是与过去事实相反的主句形式，but引出了过去的事实，而省略了与过去事实相反的条件句“if I had known that.”。即：如果我知道你在等我，我早就来了，但是我不知道你正在等我。“不知道”是过去的事实，用didnt know。14. D。从if从句中可知谈论的是与过去的事实相反的假设，主句应该用would have done。所以选D。15. D。主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从而排除A、C；if it is not for. 要不是因为.，此短语用于虚拟语气，省略了if，is变成were提前。句意：如果不是因为那些云彩，你会很容易地看到空中的飞机。16. B。第一空是昨天发生的事实，用过去时was；因为有了or，省略了条件从句“如果昨天不忙的话”，所以主句与过去事实相反，所以选B。17. B。But for water（要不是有水）相当于“If there were no water”,从句意可知句子与现在事实相反，所以句子的谓语是would be。18. D。句意：那个小偷闭上眼睛，好像要死了一样。根据句意第一空应该选as if（好像），even if （即使）和though（虽然）不合题意；be dying是closed.发生同时的状态，用一般过去时，be用were。19. D。根据答语中if从句的谓语及情景可知主句是很有可能发生的事，不用虚拟语气，用shall与第二人称连用，表示许诺。句意：你如果快点上床，我就给你读一个故事。20. A。介词短语without your generous help相当于虚拟的条件句，从“慷慨的（generous）”可知，事情已经发生了，是与过去事实相反，因此选A。 21. B。从is可知what从句中的谓语动词request或demand用一般现在时，表示一般状况；而动词request/remand有关的表语从句用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形。第二空动词deliver与主语the goods是被动关系，省略should后，填be delivered。22. B。从句意和前面条件句中可知，主从句都与过去事实相反，所以选B，would可译成“会”，表示预测结果，could表示能力，不合题意。句意：如果医生当时在，那个孩子就不会死了。23. B。shouldnt have left表示“本不应该（不说一声就）离开”，表示“过去不该做却做了”。24. C。句中referred to是过去分词短语，作the computer equipment 的定语，意为“被提到的计算机设备”；在表示“要求”的require, request, ask, demand等动词后的宾语从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”，所以从句的谓语动词是be used，省略了should。25. C。在it is surprising后的that从句中，谓语要用“should +动词原形”，其中should 含“竟然”之意，是最佳答案。