高二英语-知识讲解 Unit 4 Making the news语言点.doc

Unit 4 Making the news 语言点编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞 学习目标重点词汇delighted, assist，eager, acquire, inform，demand, accurate, approve, 小词简析重点短语accuse of, in the process of, concentrate on, defend against, have a nose for, depend on, ahead of重点句型1. so as to 引导目的状语2. . case +定语从句知识讲解重点词汇delighted【原句回放】Were delighted youre coming to work with us. 你来与我们一起工作，我们很高兴。【点拨】delighted adj. 感到欣喜的，感到快乐的，用于表示人的内心感觉。常用搭配：be delighted to do sth. 高兴做某事be delighted at/ by 因.而高兴be delighted that 因.而高兴She was delighted to hear the twitter of the birds somewhere near her window.她很高兴地听着窗外鸟儿的鸣叫声。The mother was delighted at the recovery of her baby.那位母亲因为她的婴儿恢复了健康而非常高兴。Were delighted that youll be here soon. 你不久就来这里了，我们真高兴。【拓展】 delight vt. 使（某人）高兴，使（某人）欣喜 n. 快乐，高兴，使人快乐的人或事。 delightful adj. 令人愉悦的 常用短语：take delight in (doing) sth. 喜爱，以.为乐 to ones delight 令人高兴的是 with/ in delight 高兴地 He delighted the audience with his humourous words. 他幽默的语言让观众们很高兴。Jack is a delightful young man. 杰克是个讨人喜欢的年轻人。Carl takes great delight in teasing his classmates. 卡尔以取笑他的同学为乐。She won the game easily, to the delight of all her fans. 使她所有粉丝高兴的是，她很容易地赢得了比赛。Hearing class was over, the boys rushed out of the classroom in/with delight. 听见下课了，男孩们高兴地冲出教室。assist【原句回放】Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you . 你会发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你.【点拨】assist vt., vi. 帮助，支援；促进assist较正式用语，一般表示“协助”，常常暗指提供帮助的一方所做的事比较简单或不太重要。常用短语：assist (sb.) in/with 在某方面给予协助assist sb. in doing something 帮助某人做某事assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事Well do all we can to assist you. 我们会尽全力协助你。We all assisted in mending the roof. 我们都帮忙修屋顶。 Would you be kind enough to assist me in a small experiment? 你能在这个小实验中协助我吗？This programme assists the young to find a job easily. 这个节目帮助年轻人容易找到工作。【拓展1】assistant n.助手，助理assistance n. 协助，援助He became an assistant cook after he graduated from the technological school.从技术学校毕业后他成了厨师助理。Can I be of any assistance to you? 我可以帮助你吗？【拓展2】其它表示“帮助”的表示法： 1. help：普通用语，指帮助做某事，使事情变得简单或状况改善。help (to) do sth./ help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助（某人）做某事help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人help sb. out 帮某人度过难关with help of sb. 在某人的帮助下2. give sb. a hand通常表示用双手帮助别人做某事，如提东西等。3. lend sb. a hand指帮助别人，特别是在人手不足时。eager【原句回放】Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so . 你会发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。【点拨】eager adj. 热切的，渴望的常用短语：be eager for 渴望得到某物be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事Students are eager for new knowledge. 学生渴望新知识。 She is eager to please her grandmother. 她急于想让奶奶高兴。【拓展】eagerness n. 热切,渴望eagerly adv. 热切地，渴望地acquire【原句回放】Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. 只有提出许多不同的问题你才会收集到你所需要的信息。【点拨】acquire vt. 获得，取得；学得She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她经过认真的学习获取了英语知识。Ive never really acquired a taste for wine. 我从来没有真正获得过对酒的喜爱。【拓展】acquired adj. 习得的，养成的，后天的 acquisition n. 获得；（语言）习得；获得物inform【原句回放】They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story. 记者必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。【点拨】inform v. 通知，告知 常用搭配：inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.如地址有变化，请尽快告知。We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.我们很遗憾地通知你申请已被驳回。【拓展】information n. 信息 注意：information 一般是不可数名词。demand【原句回放】It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. 事情显得进退两难，因为如果我们错了的话，足球运动员可以要求赔偿。【点拨】demand v. 要求，需要；询问 常用搭配：demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求某物demand to do 需要做 demand that . (从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should可省略)This sort of work demands great patience. 这种工作需要很耐心。 It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded of her. 似乎无论她做了什么，别人要求她的就更多。He kept demanding to know how it got there. 他不停地要求知道它是怎样到那里的。He demands that he (should) be told everything. = He demands to be told everything.他要求被告知一切。“What is the meaning of this?”he demanded.“这是什么意思?”他追问道。【拓展】demand n. 要求，需求（量）demanding adj. 过分要求的，苛求的accurate【原句回放】 He would have to be accurate. 他必须做到准确无误。【点拨】accurate adj.准确的，精确的 We need to get some more accurate information. 我们需要获取更准确的信息。Is this watch accurate? 这块表准吗？【拓展】区别accurate，correct，exact三词均含“正确的”意思。1. accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”,指“通过努力, 使事情达到正确”;2. correct 为一般用语, 指“正确的”; 3. exact 表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”,指“与事实完全相符”。She gave an accurate account of the accident. 她对事故进行了准确的报道。He gave correct answers to the questions. 他给出问题的正确答案。His translation is exact to the letter. 他的翻译及其准确。approve【原句回放】Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. 最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准发表了。【点拨】approve vt. 批准；通过 vi. 赞成，赞同；常与of连用，不用于进行时。 The resolution was approved 82 to 16 with 18 abstentions. 决议以82票赞成、16票反对、18票弃权被通过。My parents dont approve of me smoking cigarettes. 我父母不赞成我吸烟。【拓展】approval n. 赞同，批准小词简析1. submit vt. 递交，呈递（文件等） I hope you can submit your term papers before the deadline.我希望你们能在最后限期之前交上你们的学期论文。2. assess vt. 评估，评定 Damages were assessed at 10,000 dollars. 损失估计达一万美元。 assessable adj. 可估定的, 可估价的; 应征税的3. meanwhile adv. 期间，同时 Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been.与此同时,我的舌头忙于寻找被拔牙齿的伤口。Theyll be here soon. Meanwhile well have some coffee.他们即刻就到，我们现在先喝点咖啡。4. technical adj. 技术（上）的，技巧方面的 technically adv. 技术上，工艺上 technology n. 技术，科技5. gifted adj. 有天赋的 gift n. 天赋，天才；礼物，赠品 have a gift for 有.的天赋 a person of many gifts多才多艺的人 He has a gift for poetry. 他有写诗的天赋。 重点短语【高清课堂：Unit4词汇精讲accuse of-defend against】accuse of【原句回放】Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 你们有没有这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他（她）们的报道完全失实？【点拨】accuse (sb.) of sth. 谴责I dont want to accuse him of telling lies. 我不想指责他撒谎这件事。Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud by the police.她的助手因为偷盗和欺骗受到了警察的指控。in the process of【原句回放】All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives. 此后，所有的报道材料就要被制成胶片。【点拨】process n. 过程，工序，流程 vt. 加工，处理in the process of 在过程中Are you in the process of improving your English? 你最近是在提高你的英语水平吗？They were in the process of moving their head office from Paris to London.他们正在把他们的总部从巴黎搬往伦敦。The administration is in the process of drawing up a peace plan.政府正在起草一个和平计划。concentrate on【原句回放】 so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.如果你感兴趣的话，也许以后你可以集中精力去搞摄影。【点拨】concentrate vt. & vi 集中 concentrate on 集中精力于You should concentrate your efforts on passing these exams. 你应该集中精力备考。（此句中your efforts可以省略）Luke wants to concentrate on his film career. 卢克想全身心地投入电影事业。【拓展】focus on 集中defend against【原句回放】The law allows people to defend themselves against a charge. 法律允许人们对指控进行辩护。【点拨】defend v. 抵御，防护 defend against sth. 保卫/ 辩护.免受/抵御Steps are being taken to defend the city against attack. 正在采取措施来保卫城市，使它不受到袭击。He has hired a lawyer to defend him against the allegation. 他因为别人的指控雇了一个律师为他做辩护。 【拓展】defence n. 防御，保卫 self-defence 自我防卫have a nose for【原句回放】We say a good journalist must have a good “nose” for a story. 我们说，一个好的记者必须具有对新闻非常敏感的“嗅觉”。【点拨】have a nose for sth. 对.敏感，很善于发现As a journalist, she has always had a nose for a good story. 作为记者，她对好故事总是“嗅觉”灵敏。Shes always finding things in the sales. She seems to have a nose for a bargain.她总能在大减价时发现（可买的）东西。她似乎很善于发现便宜货。【拓展】含nose的短语blow ones nose 擤鼻涕 win by a nose 侥幸获胜bite ones nose off 气势汹汹地回答某人have ones nose in a book 埋头读书follow by ones nose 笔直走，凭本能行事keep ones nose out of 不干预别人的私事stick ones nose into 干涉cant see beyond ones nose 鼠目寸光nose to nose 面对面地depend on【原句回放】 Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. 同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。【点拨】depend on 取决于；依靠；信赖，指望 depending on 相当于“according to”，可译成“按照、根据、依照”。 The amount you pay depends on which room you live你付多少钱取决于你住哪个房间。His family depends on him他的一家人全靠他养活。Starting salary varies from ￥2400 to ￥3500, depending on experience.起薪从2400元到3500元，根据经验有所不同。ahead of【原句回放】We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers. 我们这一版就要用，这样我们就抢在其他报纸的前面了。【点拨】ahead of (时间、空间) 在.前面，早于， 领先 He will be ahead of others in English. 他在英语方面将超过别人。Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training. 我们面临的是10天的集中训练。He always finishes several hours ahead of the deadline. 他总是在最后期限前几小时完成。【拓展】ahead of time 提前重点句型so as to 引导目的状语【原句回放】A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. 一个足球运动员被控受贿，故意不进球，好让另一队赢球。【点拨】so as to 为了，目的是 1）so as to后跟动词原形作目的状语，与in order to 同义，但so as to do不用于句首， in order to既可用于句首也可用于句中。 2）它们的否定形式是把not放不定式符号to前。In order to catch the first bus, I got up earlier this morning. (不能用so as to) 为了赶头班车，我今天早晨起得早了一点。 He kept silent so as not to lose the job. 为了不失去工作，他保持缄默。【拓展】句型“so + adj. /adv.+ as to do”引导结果状语从句表示“如此以至于”。 She spoke so slowly as to make herself understood. 她说得很慢，结果大家都懂了。. case +定语从句【原句回放】Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 你有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他们的报道完全失实？【点拨】. case +定语从句1. case n. 意为“情况，状况，事实，事例；手提箱，容器”。2. where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词case，where表示“在.情况下”。3. 当先行词为case，situation和position时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句，表示“在.情况/状况下”。Will you please give us a case where the word can be used?请你举一个这个单词使用的实例好吗？Have you ever had a case where you were accused of getting the wrong end of the stick？你有过被人指责完全搞错了的情况吗？（get the wrong end of the stick 是口语，意为“错误地理解了某事”、“完全搞错了”。）注意：有时case在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，用that或which引导定语从句。Is that the case which you want to give us? 那是你想给我们的事例吗？（which代表先行词case在定语从句中作give的直接宾语，可以省略。）【拓展】含case的短语：in case 假使，以防万一 in case of 如果；万一in any case 无论如何，总之 in no case 决不in the case of 就.来说 in this/ that case 既然这/那样as is often the case 对.是常见的事例如：“Well, in that case, I would prefer to stay on the bus,” I answered. “哦，那样的话，我更愿意留在公交车上。”我回答。Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 带顶帽子吧，以防太阳太晒。