高二英语-知识讲解 话题语言应用——合作与共享.doc

话题语言应用合作与共享编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞语言积累交际用语表示时间顺序和逻辑关系Why would you.? 为什么你们会.？The reason is that. 理由是.Because I want to share with others. 因为我想与别人分享.How could you do that.? 你怎么能做了那个.？First, find some information through. 首先，通过.找一些信息。Then/ Just at that time/ After that/ Afterwards/ Next/ Later on, . 然后.In the end/ At last/ Finally，. 最后.话题语句（1）1 有关志愿者（volunteer）1）People who help others in need or do a job willingly without being paid are called volunteers. 志愿者指那些给需要的人以帮助或愿意无偿做一些工作的人。2）Volunteers are not paid not because they are worthless but because they are priceless.志愿者没有报酬，不是因为他们是毫无价值，而是因为他们是无价的。（worthless 没有价值的，没有用处的；priceless 无价的，贵重的，无法估计的）3）the image ambassador for HIV/ Aids预防艾滋病形象大使4）United Nations Volunteer in China 中国青年志愿者December, 5th is International Volunteer Day. 12月5日是国际志愿者日。5）There are many people around us, in our country or even in the world who need different kinds of help. So voluntary work is an important and great cause (事业). Not only can it make people live better but also it can bring happiness to volunteers. So we should form a sense of helping others and take an active part in any kind of voluntary activities from now on and try to make the world more beautiful and harmonious（和谐的）.2. 成为志愿者的原因（Reasons for being a volunteer） make some difference to ones lives 对某人的生活有些影响，使某人的生活有所不同gain more experience 获得经验challenge oneself 挑战自己fulfill ones ambition 实现抱负help children in poor area 帮助贫困地区的孩子broaden ones horizon 拓宽眼界话题语句（2）3. 志愿者在做什么？fight against the flood and rescue the old and the sick 抗击洪水，救助老人和病人plant trees and protect our environment 植树，保护环境prevent the land from turning into desert 阻止土地沙漠化help the disabled 帮助残疾人clean the community 清洁社区teach the kids in the mountainous areas/ developing countries 在山区/发展中国家支教join the Go West Project to improve the standard of education in the school加入“西部工程”改善学校教育水平help elderly people who live alone 帮助空巢老人donate money to help people in the earthquake area 为地震地区捐款organize a party to collect money for. 组织聚会为.筹款The volunteers make their greatest efforts to help others. 志愿者们正竭尽全力帮助别人。4. 有关分享（Sharing） each contributionno matter how small can help make a difference. 任何奉献，无论多么小，都会给社会带来变化。 Give roses to others and the lasting fragrance will remain in your hand. 予人玫瑰，手留余香。 Be generous and you will be prosperous. Help others and you will be helped.仗义疏财方会财源茂盛（慷慨大方，你才能繁荣兴旺）。帮人才能被帮。If everybody offers a little love, the world will become more beautiful. （From a song）只要人人都献出一点爱，世界将变成美好的人间。（歌词）Share your sadness with others, sadness halves. Share your love with others, love spreads.分担哀伤，哀伤减半；分享爱意，爱意加倍。Sharing is loving and caring. 分享是表达爱意和关心。Sharing also means selection. 分享也是一种选择。（选择与你分享的人）Sharing is an acquired skill. 分享是一种习得的技巧。Sharing is a faith. 分享是一种信仰。5. Famous volunteersNorman Bethune 白求恩 Mother Teresa特蕾莎修女（She lived in India (1910-1997). She helped the poor and the sick and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.）话题语句（3）【高清课堂：Living well 语言应用-. Learn to share with others】Learn to share with othersIf we would like to achieve success and gain greater blessings in what we have or earn, we must learn to share whatever we have with others. Never let the heart be so deeply attached to wealth or other belongings. From childhood we should train our offspring to share their toys, food and other belongings so that as they grow they learn to love this great habit.Some take sharing as a burden whereas others claim not to have enough to be able to share when in fact they have more than enough. Remember, you will never achieve true righteousness until you learn to share.注释：blessing 祝福 offspring 子孙 whereas 但是 righteousness 正义要点提示：attach to（使）相关，依附 take . as a burden 把.当成负担How to Teach Children to ShareThe concept of sharing does not come easily to children especially when they are two or three years old. Children are naturally built in “want” quality. They also automatically have a strong sense of what is “mine” and in the beginning they think everything is theirs.There are ways that it is possible to encourage children to learn to share. Rules of Sharing* If you want to play with another childs toy, ask the other child first and dont just grab it from them.* If someone asks you if they can play with one of your toys do not say no but give a reason or explanation. Taking turns is another excellent alternative that often works well for children. * The golden rule is always worthwhile to teach children in regards to sharing. Do unto others as you would like them to do unto you.注释：grab 抢占 in regards to 有关 unto 对，向，直到Why do teenagers need to help others by volunteeringHave you ever thought about volunteering your time to a local charity or community organization? There are many different reasons for you to start volunteering: * To help others * To learn about an activity or organization * To beat boredom * To overcome a loss you have experienced * To learn about yourself, learn about others and meet a lot of interesting peoplePossibilities of doing volunteering work1. Homeless sheltersIf you live in a city of any size, then there is at least one homeless shelter that helps homeless people with meals, beds and other services.2. City programsMost large cities offer a wide range of volunteer opportunities. Look in the phone book and call around to see what might be available where you live. 3. Helping others learn to readReading is one of the most important skills an adult can have. Many adults, however, have never learned how to read. Literacy（会读写）volunteers act as tutors who help illiterate（文盲）children and adults learn this important skill.4. LibrariesMany libraries need help reshelving (书上架) books, running childrens programs, making books available to the community, and so on.5. Senior Citizens CentersMany senior citizens centers offer volunteer programs to provide friendship and community activities to senior citizens.6. Animal Shelters Many animal shelters are non-profit or government organizations, and therefore they welcome volunteers to help take care of animals, keep facilities clean and work with the public. 要点提示：shelter 避难所 range 范围 senior citizens 老年公民 community 社区，团体 non-profit 非营利的 facilities 设施，设备 话题语句（4）有用的句子- 试试你会了吗？1. 我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。 Ive _ some photos _ will help you _ the places I talk about.2. 但是有一点是肯定的，我在教学中变得更富有想象力了。 However, _, Ive become more _ in my teaching.3. 理科对我来说是最富挑战性的课，因为我的学生对做实验没有概念。 Science is my _ subject as my students _ doing experiments.4. 说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些男孩子的生活有所改变。 _, I doubt _ Im _ these boys lives at all.5. 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色.We walked for _ hours to get there first up a mountain to a ridge _ we had _.6. 汤贝的父亲莫卡普把我们带到他的家里。这是个低矮的竹屋，屋顶上伸出一簇茅草。 Tombes father, Mukap, _ us to his house, a low bamboo nut _.7. 小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。 The hut was dark inside so it _.8. 他之后用香蕉叶子把这些蔬菜盖上，等着它们蒸熟。 He then _ the vegetables _ banana leaves and _ them _.9. 跟汤贝一家度过了一天，真是一种殊荣。 It was such a _ a day with Tombes.10. 这件礼物给予一个人获得基本的阅读、写作及生活技巧的机会。This gift gives a man or woman the _ and writing, and _.11. 成年人树立了参加他们社区中社会、经济以及政治生活的信心。Adults develop the confidence to _ the social, _ lives of their communities.12. 这份礼物包含了幼苗的培育和销售费用，也包含了当地村民参加护树培训的费用。This gift _ the cost of _ of seedlings, as well as _for the local villagers.13. 山羊的数量很快增加，并且为每个家庭增添更多的食物和财力保障。Goats increased _ quickly and add much to a familys food _.14. 社区学校为孩子们提供了好的品质教育，否则他们就没有上学的机会了。Community schools provide good _ education for children who would _ have no opportunity _.参考答案：1. included; which; picture2. one thing is for sure (for sure 无疑); imaginative (富有想象力的) （对比：imaginary 想象的,虚构的；imaginable 可想象的)3. most challenging; have no concept of4. To be honest; whether; making any difference to5. two and a half; from where; fantastic views6. led; with grass sticking out of the roof7. took time for our eyes to adjust（改变以适应，调整）8. covered; with; left; to steam（蒸）9. privilege to have spent10. opportunity to acquire basic reading; life skills11. participate in; economic (经济的) and political（政治的）12. covers; production and distribution (分布，分销); training in tree care13. in number; financial security14. quality; otherwise; to attend school写作运用校园杂志文章本单元要求学写有关“人物介绍”的校园杂志文章。写人物介绍时，要求对人物的生平事迹作简单介绍，做到言简意赅，逻辑严密，生动感人，取材突出、真实、评价客观、公正。高考英语基础写作中的写人侧重人物的介绍，可以用第一人称（如写求职信），也可以用第三人称，常用一般现在时和一般过去时，具体的人称和时态要依据写作要求来确定。注意使用表示时间的词。如：during the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代 for a couple of months 两个月over the last few years 在过去几年里 in the future 在未来in two weeks time 两周后 for a further six months 在接下来的六个月里有关人物介绍的写作方法和词句我们在第二单元已经讲过，本单元我们主要写有关“分享”话题的人物介绍等话题作文。写作常用的词句1. 性格特征 confident 自信的 generous 慷慨的 humorous 幽默的 independent 独立的 kind-hearted 好心的 warm-hearted 好心的 absent-minded 心不在焉地 bad-tempered 易怒的 be ready to help others 愿意帮助他人2. 兴趣与情感be good at doing 擅长做 be fond of music 喜欢音乐 have a strong desire to do 强烈渴望做 long for/ long to do 渴望（做）take a pleasure in doing 很乐意做 wish to do 希望做3.教育背景be admitted to Beijing University 被录取到北大 get a masters degree 获得硕士学位get on well with ones lessons 功课很好 go abroad to further ones study 出国深造 graduate from 毕业于 major in history 专业是历史 take an active part in 积极参加 when at college 在大学时4. 他人评价be respected by all his students 受学生尊敬 be considered/regarded as 被认为是make great contributing to 对.做出巨大贡献 set an example for 为.树立了榜样speak highly of 高度评价课本写作范文 本单元要求根据听力的内容，为写校报写一篇文章，介绍Dr Murray。注意下面要点：1. who she is2. reasons why she joined MSF3. what she did in Malawi4. what she did in the Sudan5. the effects of her experiences on her 6. her plans for the future参考范文：Meeting Dr Mary MurrayLast week I was lucky enough to meet Dr Mary Murray. She has been working as a doctor for the charity Medecins Sans Frontieres for almost ten years. She joined MSF because all her life she has been eager to help people who might otherwise not get help.Her first assignment for MSF was to Malawi in 1997, where she worked with young children suffering from HIV/AIDS. She became very upset when she found that there were not enough medicines to cure the children and that so many died. Gradually she saw the situation improve. She made the same commitment to the people of the Sudan when she worked there. But this time her problems were different. The climate and the basic conditions of the clinics made her life very challenging. But she could still laugh about some of her experiences. She admitted that “its amazing what you can do when you have no choice.”Her experiences make her grateful for what she has. She is very delighted that she can help people in need. She values her past experiences.The future seems full and satisfying for Dr Murray. She will be returning to the Sudan to work for MSF for another six months. Then her plans are uncertain. She hopes that it will include returning to work in Africa though.Good luck Dr Murray! The best wishes of NO. 6 Middle School, Jinan go with you. We hope you will keep in touch! Who she is The reason why she joined MSF What she did in Mailawi What she did in the Sudan The effects on her of her experiences Her plans for the future解析：assignment 任务 make the same commitment 做了同样的奉献写作范文Example 1假如你是李华。你校英语月刊在校志愿者日来临之际以“令人感动的志愿者”为题向全校征稿。请根据以下要点提示，写一篇英语短文，介绍一下你的表姐王林一位参加“医生无国界”组织并在肯尼亚当志愿者的护士。1. 加入“医生无国界”组织的时间和原因；2. 有哪些日常工作；3. 她的经历对你的影响。 参考范文：The Volunteer That Touched Me Wang Lin, my cousin, joined Doctors Without Borders when she graduated from a nurse school last year. Now she works as a volunteer in Kenya. The reason why she joined the organization is that she wanted to help others and make a difference to others lives. Every day, she has a busy schedule, distributing food to hungry people, checking the health of babies and giving children shots to protect them from diseases. In her letter, she says that she is trying to adapt to the rough conditions there. What my cousin is doing has had a great influence on me. I have now joined my school voluntary team and I go to the city hospital to help the patients with my classmates every Sunday. I feel happy because I can do something to help those who are in need.注释：shot 射击，注射，打针Example 2假如你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办，现正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信。内容应包括：1. 个人情况：年龄、性别、学历。2. 个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交际、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况。3. 承诺：提供最佳服务。参考范文：Dear Sir/ Madam，My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games. I am a boy of 17 and I am studying in the high school now. Im good at English and I can talk with foreign tourists in English freely.I believe I can do a good job for the Games. First, I like sports and I know the place very well. Second, I get along with others easily, which is especially useful for a volunteer. Third, Im ready to give help whenever it is needed. My promise is to offer the best service possible to the people at the Games.Please consider my request, and Im looking forward to your early reply. Yours faithfully, Li Hua