2022初中教案北师大版初一（上）英语第10讲：Unit Five 语法篇（解析版）.doc

Unit Five 语法篇 _ 重点掌握物主代词，方位介词和there be句型的用法 重点语法：一、方位介词 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。at ,in, on, to（1）at 表示在小地方; 表示“在附近，旁边” （2）in 表示 在大地方; 表示“在范围之内”。（3）on 表示毗邻，接壤（4）to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤（5）above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对;（6）over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。（7）on表示某物体上面并与之接触。（8）under表示在正下方（9）below表示在下，不一定在正下方（10）at表示"在.处"，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。（11）in表示"在.内部;在.里面"的意思。（12）on表示"在某物的上面"，但两者互相接触。 （13）under表示"在某物垂直的正下方"，两者之间不接触。（14）behind表示"在某物体的后面"。（15）in front of表示"在.的前面"，正好与behind相反。（16）near表示"在某物体的附近"，意为"接近、靠近"。二、物主代词1.英语物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。2.物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，不能单独使用，在句中只能作定语，后面一定要跟一个名词；名词性物主代词相当于一个名词，不能用在名词之前，可单独使用.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词三、There be 句型1、一肯定句：“There be+主语（某人/某物）+介词短语”，表示“（在）某地有某人/某物”。这里的be的单复数形式要采取“就近一致”原则，即合靠近be的主语保持一致。具体地说，there后面第一个主语，若是单数时，be就用is/was;若是复数时be就用are/were。2、否定式：“There be +not+主语+介词短语”。注意：“There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，所以not a/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。3、疑问式：Be there+主语+介词短语？”。肯定回答是：“Yes, there be.”否定回答是：“No, there+be与not的缩写形式”。4、对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：How many+复数名词+are/were (there)+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语？ 1.Bob and Tom are brothers. _favorite subject are English and maths.A. Them B. They C. Theirs D.Their2.We have history_Tuesday afternoon. A.in B.at C.on D.of3' ?  # l( * ; C& V333.These are your exercise books. Where are_? A.I B.me C.my D.mine4.Thanks _ the present（礼物）。 A. in B. at C. for D. to 5.There _ a bird and two apples. A. is B. are C. be D. /解析：1.favorite 是名词，它前面应该用形容词物主代词。2.在星期前用介词on.3.前面出现的名词后面没出现用名词性物主代词。4.固定搭配thanks for.。5.There be 句型的就近原则，邻近它的是单数所以用is.答案： 1. D 2.C 3.D 4. C 5.A基础演练一、用is 或者are填空。1.There_a fridge in the kitchen.2.There_socks and shoes everywhere in the bedroom.3.There_a pair of scissors on the table.4.There_a girl and three boys in the classroom.5.There_three PE classes and a music class this week.二、根据课文内容，在横线上填上所缺少的单词或者短语。 I like your room. Heres 1_. Its 2_ _ _. My 3_color is green. You can see that, right? 4_ _a bed in my room. Its 5_. I like it. 6_ _some books on the shelves7_ _bed, but 8_ _of them are mine. Some are 9_ _. There is a big window 10_ _ _. I can see 11_ _children in the playground down there. Its 12_.巩固提高三、句型转换。1.My pen is blue? ( 划线处提问 ) _? 2.There is a big tree in front of our house(一般疑问句) _ ? 3. Are those your books?（改为单数句子） _? 4. There are some umbrellas behind the door. (作否定回答) _. 5.There is a bag on the desk. (划线处提问) _? 四、翻译。 1.放学后，我喜欢打排球。 _.2.这些蓝色的裤子多少钱？ _?3.你能帮助我吗？ _?4.我想他们的尺子在书包里。 _.5.那些棒球是他的。 _.答案：一、1.is 2.are 3.is 4.is 5.are二、1.mine 2.small and tidy 3.favorite 4.There is 5.soft 6.There are 7.above the 8.not all 9.my mothers 10.beside my desk 11.lots of 12.fun三、1.What color is your pen? 2.Is there a big tree in front of our house? 3.Is that your book? 4.There arent any umbrellas behind the door. 5.Where is the bag? 四、1.I like playing baseball after school.2. How much are these blue trousers?3.Can you help me?4.I think their rulers are in the schoolbag.5.Those baseballs are his.一、 单选。1.There are_ pencils in my pencil box.    A. a          B. an          C. some   2.There is _ rocking chair in my bedroom.     A. a          B. an          C. five  3.There are _ new books for you.  A. a          B. an           C. two  4.There is _ ruler on the desk.     A. a          B. an           C. some  55.There is _cap on the desk.     A. One        B. an          C. three   6.There are _ pencil boxes in the book bag.    A. a          B. an           C. Two7.Tom sits_the classroom while John sits_the room.       A. in front of; at back of         B. in the front of; at the back of      C. in front of; at the back of     D. in the front of; at back of  8.Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left.       A. on; on    B. in; at   C. at; in    D. in; on 9.Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes.   A. in; to     B. under; for    C. with; to    D. in; on 10.The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher.   A. in    B. on    C. of   D. at 二、完型填空。My name is Sandra. I have a brother. _1_ name is Tom. We like different（不同的）sports. I like playing 2 . It is fun. I like tennis, too. 3 I dont like basketball. It is 4 . My brother 5 basketball. He has four basketballs. He 6 basketball every day. We like different 7 . I like eggs, apples and hamburgers 8 breakfast and dinner. For dessert, I like _9_.Tom likes oranges, chicken and carrots. We are 10 because(因为) we often (经常)play sports and eat good food.（ ）1.A.He B.She C. Her D. His（ ）2. A.volleyball B. TV C. watch D. oranges（ ）3. A. And B. With C. But D. Of（ ）4. A.fun B.difficult C.interesting D. fine（ ）5. A.likes B. dont like C. like D. doesnt like（ ）6. A .looks B. knows C.plays D. has（ ）7. A.food B.books C. colors D. classes（ ）8. A.in B. on C. for D. at （ ）9. A.hamburgers B. chicken C.broccoli D. ice cream（ ）10 A.boring B. healthy C. great D. relaxing答案：一、1-5: CACAA 6-10:CBDBA二、1-5:DACBA 6-10:CACDB_一、单选。(2014年七年级英语上册期末考试试卷)（ ）1. - _ do you spell pencil? - P-E-N-C-I-L, pencil. A. What B. Whats C. How D. Where（ ）2. Is this your computer game? Please call Alan_ 5353469. A. for B. in C. to D. at（ ）3. - Where are my keys? - _ . A. Yes, they are. B. Its on the table. C. Yes, I dont know. D. They are on the dresser. （ ）4. Lets _ computer game. A. playing B. to play C. play D. dont play*20（ ）5. .Do you like hamburgers? _.I make them at home. A. Yes, you do. B. Yes, I like C. Yes, I do D. No, I dont二、用a,an或a pair of填空。1._sofa 2._umbrella 3._scissors 4._trousers 5._kitchen 6._socks7._aunt 8._balloon 9._shoes 10._glasses三、连词成句。1.is, a, scissors, desk, on, there, pair, the, of_.2.live, two, I, house, in, bedroom, a, with _.3.Beijing, are, people, in, of, there, lots _.4.above, computer, is, the, clock, the _.5.mum, like, shopping, does, go, your, to _?四、根据中文提示完成下列各句。1.桌上有一本书和三只笔。 _a book and three pens on the desk.2.该是吃晚饭的时间了。 _dinner.3.杰克的卧室虽然大但是很乱。Jacks bedroom is_.4.北京有很多大学。 Beijing is a city_university.5.我妈妈喜欢周末去购物。 My mother_on weekends.五、阅读理解阅读下面文章判断正误，正确的写T，错误的写FA Look at this bag, its my backpack, its orange. Whats in it? Look, this is an English book, its red. This is a Chinese book, its white, and this is a book, too, its yellow. This is my pencil case, its blue. I like my pencil case very much .There are some pens and pencils in it.1. My bag is orange.2.My English book is yellow.3. My pencil case is blue.4. I like my Chinese book very much.5. There is an eraser in my pencil case BWen Feng Store Sale Goods Colorsprice(each)SocksBlack,white,green$ 3SweaterBlack$15HatBlue, white$ 4T-shirtRed,green$14ShoesBlack and white$25BagBlue$51.In all goods(物品),_ is(are) cheap. A.bag B.shoes C.hat D.socks2.Jack wants to buy two pairs of socks，one bag and two hats.How much are they? A.Twenty-one yuan B. Seventeen yuan C.Eighteen dollars D. Nineteen dollars3.Mary only likes blue, so she will buy _ A.socks and bag B.pants and sweater C.hat and bag D.shoes and hat4.The store has hat in _.x kb1. com A.all colors B.Blue,white and black C.blue and black D.white and blue5.Peter has twenty dollars,so what can he buy? A.Two bags and one T-shirt B.Three hats and two bags C.One sweater and two pairs of socks D.One T-shirt and one bagC从B栏中找出A栏各句的最佳应答语. A B（ ）1.Whats your name? A. Yes, it is.（ ）2. Is this your pencil? B. Yes ,she is.（ ）3. Is she your sister? C. My name is Gina.（ ）4.Where is my backpack? D. Its under the table.（ ）5.Do you like bananas? E. My birthday is June fourth.（ ）6. How much are these pants? F. Theyre two dollars.（ ）7. When is your birthday? G. Yes, I do.（ ）8. Can you play the guitar? H. My favorite subject is science.（ ）9. What time do you go to school? I. Yes, I can.（ ）10. Whats your favorite subject? J. I usually go to school at seven oclock答案：一、1-5:CDDCC二、 1.a 2.an 3.a pair of 4.a pair of 5.a 6.a pair of 7.an 8.a 9.a pair of 10.a pair of三、1.There is a pair of scissors on the desk.2.I live in a house with two bedrooms.3.There are lots of people in Beijing.4.The clock is above the computer.5.Does your mum like to go shopping.四、1.There is 2.Its time to have 3.big but messy 4.with lots of 5.likes to go shopping 五、TFTFF DDCDD CABDGFEIJH