2022初中教案北师大版初二（上）英语第5讲：unit 3 词汇篇（原卷版）.docx

Unit 3 词汇篇_1. 理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2. 理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1. compete v. 竞争，对抗 compete常用于下列短语： compete with意为“与媲美；比得上”，例如： She competes with her best friend. 她和她最好的朋友互相竞争。 compete for 意为“为竞争”，例如：They competed for the gold medal. 他们为了金牌而竞争。competition n. 竞争，比赛2. prepare v. 准备 常与for一起连用，构成短语prepare for 意为“为做准备”，例如： I cant go to the movie with you because I have to prepare for an exam. 我不能和你一起去看电影，因为我不得不为考试做准备。3. arrive v. 到达，抵达 arrive不及物动词，后接表地点的名词时，要使用介词in或at。其中arrive in后接比较大的地点，如国家或城市等；arrive at后接具体的小地点，如车站、学校、公园等。例如： He arrived in England last week. 他上周抵达英国。 When did you arrive at the bus station. 你什么时候到达公共汽车站的？4. spend v. 花费过去式、过去分词 spent, spent 主语是人spend some time /some money on sth. 花时间/钱在某事上spend some time /some money (in) doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事例如：I spent 10 dollars on the book. / I spent 10 dollars (in) buying the book. 我花10美元买了这本书。【“花费”知识拓展】cost (cost, cost) 主语是物，例如：The book cost me 10 dollars. 这本书花了我10美元。take (took, taken) 固定搭配“It takes/took sb. some time /some money to do sth.”做某事花费某人时间/钱，例如：It took me 1 hour to do my homework. 做家庭作业花了我1个小时的时间。pay (paid, paid)，主语是人 pay some money for sth. 为某物支付钱，例如：I paid 10 dollars for the book. 我花10美元买了这本书。5. success n. 意为“成功，胜利”，例如： The film was a great success. 这部电影大获成功。【知识拓展】 successful adj. 成功的，如愿以偿的，successfully adv. 用来修饰动词，例如： His experiment is greatly successful. 他的实验很成功。 He worked out the maths problem successfully. 他成功地解出了那道数学题。 succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事，例如： He succeeded in passing the entrance examination. 他成功地通过了考试。6. million 百万 million为数词，意为“百万”，million 前有具体数字时，不管其后是否有of，都使用单数形式；million单独与of连用时，用复数millions，意为“数百万的”，例如： There are about 6 million people in this city. 这座城市大约有600万人。 Millions of people are watching the basketball game. 数百万的人正在观看这场篮球赛。7. unlike 不像 unlike为介词，意为“不像；与不同”，多指外表和性质上的不同。其反义词为like(像)。例如： Unlike his father, he is outgoing and creative. 不像他的爸爸，他外向又有创造力。 【知识拓展】 dislike v. 意为“不喜欢”，后跟名词、代词或动名词。其反义词为like(喜欢)。例如： I dislike maths. Its too boring. 我不喜欢数学。它太无聊了。8. bothand 和，两者都 bothand，用于连接句中的两个并列成分。该结构做主语时，谓语动词用复数。 【知识拓展】bothand同义短语为“not onlybut also”意为“不但而且”。但not onlybut also连接的两个成分做主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。9. get ready for 为做准备，例如： We are getting ready for the final exam. 我们正在为期末考试做准备。 get ready to do sth. 为做准备，例如： We are getting ready to spend the holiday. 我们正在为度假做准备。10. take place 发生，举行 take place 意为“发生，举行”，主要指有安排或计划的“发生”。例如： The party will take place on Friday evening. 晚会将在星期五晚上举行。【知识拓展】 happen不及物动词，也可意为“发生”，指一些不可预见的、偶然的事件的发生，例如： An accident happened to him last week. 他上周发生了一起事故。11. at the age of 在岁的时候，例如：Danny was abroad at the age of 20. Danny在20岁的时候出国了。12. be good at 擅长 be good at后接名词、代词或动名词，与do well in是同义词组。例如： Mary is good at Chinese. = Mary does well in Chinese. Mary语文学得很好。 be good for 对有好处/益处，反义词组为be bad for对有坏处 be good with sb. 与某人相处得好13. What think of .认为怎么样？ 用于提问对人或事物的看法。类似表达方式还有：“Howlike?”“Howfeel about?”例如： What do you think of the weather in Beijing?= How do you like the weather in Beijing?=How do you feel about the weather in Beijing? 你认为北京天气怎么样？ 14. So is Tina. Tina也是。 “so+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“也”，是一个表示肯定的倒装句。表示主语所做的动作与前面句子的动作一致，前后两个句子的主语指不同的人或物，其中的系动词be、助动词和情态动词在时态上与前句保持一致，而在单复数上与其后的主语一致。例如： Peter is interested in English. So am I . Peter对英语感兴趣。我也是。 【知识拓展】 “so+主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”是对前句主语和动作的重复与强调，意为“的确”，前后主语一致。例如： She is a good student. So she is. 她是个好学生。她的确是。1. Ma Yun is a_businessman. He can always deal with many problems _. A. success; successfully B. successful; successfully C. succeed; successful D. successful; success 2. -Do you know Mo Yan? -Of course. He won the 2012 Nobel Prize for literature _the age of 57. A. at B. in C. on D. to 3. Miss Read is good_music. She can be good_children in the music club. A. at; at B. with; with C. at; with D. with; at 4. Our town has changed a lot, _. A. so his has B. so has his C. so is hers D. so has he5. -_do you _the book?-Its very interesting. A. What; like B. What; think of C. How; think D. How; think of6. -Do you often get online? -Yes. I _ lots of time on it. Its a good way to kill time. A. cost B. spend C. take D. use 7. There are more than three _people in the city. A. millions B. millions of C. million D. million of 8. The Olympic Games of 2008_in Beijing. A. took after B. took off C. took place D. took away 9. These days my classmates are busy_ ready for the final exam. A. to get B. get C. got D. getting10. Marry and Jane are both very quiet, but_ them, their younger brother Tom is quite naughty. A. like B. alike C. unlike D. with基础演练一、短语互译1. 稍微_ 2. 开玩笑_ 3. 打破记录_4. 多于_ 5. 发生事故_ 6. 跳高项目_7. 上周_ 8. 两年后_ 9. 学校运动节_10. 最好的跳跃者_ 11. 在的末尾_12. prepare for sth._13. be well-known for_二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词或词组1. John won the first prize in the 400m_ (赛跑).2. Yesterday I bought a_(唱片) of Deng Ziqi.3. -How often are the O_Games held? -Every four years.4. Im sure Jack can win the c_this term.5. My grandpa is too _(虚弱的) to look after himself. He needs help.6. Im going to Tiananmen Square to watch the raising of the n_flag.7. The little boy is very _(勇敢的).8. What_(大小)bowl of porridge would you like, small or large?9. Every year the worlds top tennis players come to Shanghai to c_against each other.10. Many of the students in our class are from the_(北部).巩固提高根据中文提示完成句子。（每空一词）1. 我们村附近有一条20米宽的河。 There is a_ _ near our village.2. Jack是我们学校最高的学生。 Jack is_ _ _ in our school.3. Anna在比赛中赢得了金牌。 Anna _ _ _ _in the competition.4. 多久之后你将搬到北京去？ 三个月以后。 - _ _will you move to ? -_ _ _.5. 他的父亲和母亲都是医生。 _ his father_ mother_ doctors.6. 我的同学们正在为晚会做准备。 My classmates_ _ _ the evening party.7. 请你要求孩子们不要玩蛇好吗？ Would you please_ the children_ _ _with snakes?8. 北京是中国的首都。 Beijing is_ _ _ China.9. 2016年奥运会将在里约热内卢举行。 The 2016 Olympic Games_ _ _ in Rio de Janeiro.10. 这位老人为慈善机构筹集了数百万美元。 The old man raised _ _ _ for charity.一、单项选择1. -What is the _of the sign on the bottle? -It_“Keeps away from the children”. A. means; meaning B. meaningful; meaning C. meaning; means D. means; mean2. Over the river there is _ bridge. A. a 110-meter-long B. a 110-meters-long C. an 110-meter-long D. an 110-meters-long3. We are too small to compete _a company like that. A. for B. with C. in D. on4. The group of the soldiers arrived_ a small town_a rainy morning. A. to; on B. at; in C. at; on D. in; in5. -I hear_your grandpa_your grandma like watching Beijing Opera. -Right, just as many old people do in our city A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also6. - Mum, I have great trouble with my maths. -Never_and you will learn it well. A. give out B. give away C. give up D. give off7. Sally and I are in_. A. class two B. Class Two C. Two Class D. two class8. -It is often said, “All roads _Rome.” -Yes. Im sure if you work hard, you will be_. A. lead to; successful B. lead to; successfully C. leading to; success D. leading to; successful9. Justin Bieber has many good songs. They are_with young people. A. modern B. beautiful C. easy D. popular10. It will _ you much time to finish the hard work. A. spend B. take C. use D. need 二、 完形填空“Never give up!” It is my law(法则) of life. It has brought me 1 . I learned the law from my fathers 2 story.My father was 3 in a poor village in the north of Jiangsu, China. When he was a young boy, he went to school in the morning, then 4 in the fields till sunset. And then he did his homework 5 midnight. Life was hard, because they have no 6 !At the age of 14, my father heard of the United States of America. It was the land of gold, the land where 7 people can become rich.“ 8 dont I go to America?” he thought to himself, full of hope.So, my father came to America. “I had thought it was easy to 9 money in America,” he told me. “But when I arrived here, I realized it was not true. They did not like to hire(雇佣) me because I spoke 10 English. Later, I worked in a small restaurant, cleaning up tables, 11 dishes and sweeping the floor. Life was 12 for the first few years. I worked from 10 a.m. to 11 p.m. I wanted to go to school to learn English, but it was impossible. I couldnt 13 the schooling(学费).”My father 14 working hard, and reached his goal.“Alan,” he often says to me. “If you want something, you have to work for it and never give up. Things do not come 15 in life.” That is what I learned from my father.1. A. disaster B. loss C. success D. pity2. A.life B. fashion C. danger D. history3. A.famous B. lucky C. rich D. born4. A.taught B. worked C. studied D. slept5. A.until B. towards C. for D. during6. A. experience B. energy C. time D. money7. A. kind B. poor C. strong D. lazy8. A.What B. How C. Why D. When 9. A. discover B. make C. collect D. spend10. A. little B. good C. much D. excellent11. A. giving B. running C. washing D. receiving12. A. comfortable B. cheerful C. nice D. hard13. A.borrow B. need C. afford D. pay14. A.kept B. finished C. minded D. stopped15. A. really B. easily C. quietly D. slowly_ 一、单项选择1. The policeman asked the children_in the street. A. not to play B. to not play C. dont play D. playing 2. The text is very hard for you. There are_new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 3. The maths exam was quite easy. I think _could pass it. A. someone B. anyone C. nobody D. everything4. -How clever a girl she is! - _.A. So is she B. So she is C. So was she D. So she was 5. Thank you for_me the news. Im glad to hear that. A. tell B. to tell C. told D. telling6.The weak cat_strange, it _ a ghost.     A. sounds ,sounds          B. sounds like ,sounds like            C. sounds like ,sounds     D. sounds ,sounds like 7.The teacher often tells us_much time_TV.      A. not to spend ,watch       B. to not spend ,watching      C. not to spend ,watching    D. dont spend  ,watch 8. The fridge is making _noise. I I dont know what_with it.          A. too much ,is wrong       B. too much ,wrong is             C. much too ,is wrong       D. much too ,wrong is  9. _school is much larger than _. Really? A. Our, your     B. Our, yours     C. Ours, yours      D. We ,you 10. I dont like the colour of the T-shirt. Would you show me _one? A. other       B. the other      C. another        D. others  (附：6-10，2013-2014海淀八年级上期中英语模拟试卷)二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空11. Its time _(have) breakfast now.12. Mary is good at_ (run).13. He made a few _(mistake) in the exam.14. To keep healthy, I decide_(exercise) half an hour every day.15. Do you want _(watch) the news?三、根据汉语提示完成英语句子16. Janek为这次旅行准备了好几个月。Janek_ _ the trip for several months.17. 这个人是多么的勇敢啊！_ _the man is!18. 他怎样能够到达公园？How_ he_ _the park?19. 他给了生活最好的回答。He gave _ _ _of his life.20. 他小时候出过车祸，失去了左腿。He_ _accident when he was young and_his left leg.四、完形填空All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help people to keep 21 , happy and to live 22 . People play different games in winter and summer. 23 is good for swimming. And in winter people often go skating. Some sports are very 24 and people everywhere like them. For example, football is very popular. In China, most people, men, 25 boys and girls, like to watch football games. They often talk about them. 26 and jumping began long, long ago. But basketball and volleyball are rather 27 . People began to play them not long ago. And people are 28 new sports or games all the time. Water skiing is one of 29 . People 30 different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become friends. 21.A. health B. busy C. healthy D. lazy 22.A. long B. longer C. happy D. happily 23.A. Winter B. Summer C. Autumn D. Spring24.A. boring B. difficult C. expensive D. interesting 25.A. woman B. women C. old D. young 26.A. Run B. Runs C. Running D. To run27.A. new B. interesting C. popular D. old28.A. start B. play C. playing D. starting 29.A. oldest B. newest C