2022初中教案人教版初三（上）英语第11讲：UNIT 6 词汇篇（解析版）.docx
Module 6 词汇篇_熟练掌握本模块基础的单词，短语，句子。 It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong first discovered tea as a drink. 据说一个叫做神农的中国统治者首次发现了茶作为一种饮料。 · 基本用法 本句中包括两个非常重要的结构： 1. It is +过去分词+that.，常用到的动词有：say, report, believe, think等。 It is said/believed/reported/thought/hoped.that.据说/认为/报道. 本句中it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。 It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. 人们认为茶是在6、7世纪被带到韩国和日本的。 2. called Shen Nong 做a Chinese ruler 的后置定语，翻译成：一个名叫做神农的中国统治者。 初中常考的还有named也可以做后置定语。如： a boy named Tom 一个名叫汤姆的男孩 Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. 篮球是由一位名叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的加拿大博士发明的，他出生于1861年。 建议：搜索called/named做后置定语的题目时，选择知识点为：done做定语，同时在关键词中输入： call或name。 In England, tea didn't appear until around 1660, but less than 100 years later, it had become the national drink. 在英格兰，茶大约在1660年才出现，但是不到100年后，它就已经成为了国际性的 饮料。 · 基本用法 本句中包含了两个比较重要的结构： 1. not. until 直到.才 She didn't go to bed until her mum came back. 直到她妈妈回来，她才去睡觉。 2. .it had become the national drink的时态为过去完成时，其结构为：had+过去分词， 过去完成时的含义：表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作，即”过去的过去。” By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras. 到14岁的时候，莫扎特已经为管弦乐和大键琴、钢琴、小提琴作了许多乐曲。 In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even in factories. 在中国，你能看见人们有时候在公园、学校，甚至是工厂里打篮球。 · 基本用法 本句中，包含see sb doing 的结构，表示“看见某人正在做某事”。 1. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。 When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture. 当我经过窗口时，看到他正在画画。 2. 除此以外，还有see sb. do sth. 的结构，表示“ 看见某人做过某事” I often see him draw a picture. 我经常看到他画画。 When he was at college, his teacher asked the class to think of a game that can be played in the winter. 当他在大学的时候，他的老师让同学们想出一个可以在冬天玩的游戏。 · 基本用法 1. 这句话中包含“ask sb. to do sth.”的结构，表示“让某人做某事”。 类似的接双宾语的词还有：want/tell/allow/ permit /force/forbid /encourage/persuade.sb. to do sth. 意思是： 想/告诉/允许/强迫/禁止/鼓励/劝阻某人做某事等。 She wanted him to sing for her friends 她想让他为她的朋友唱歌。 The policeman told the boys not to play in the street 警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍。 My mother allows to watch TV only after I have finished my homework. 我妈妈允许我完成作业后看电视。 2. 句中“that can be played in the winter”是定语从句修饰先行词a game. 关系代词that在从句中作主语。 Do you know the gentleman that spoke just now？ 你知道刚才发言的男士吗？ Players on the same team must work together to help each other get the ball in the other team's basket. 在同一个队的选手们必须一起努力来帮助彼此把球投到另一个队的篮筐里。 · 基本用法 本句中包含的主要知识点有： 1. 介词短语on the same team 做players的后置定语，翻译成在同一个队伍里的选手们 The boy in blue is Tom. 穿蓝色衣服的男孩是汤姆。 2. 不定式“to help each other get the ball ”作目的状语， I went there to see my uncle. 我去那儿想看望我的叔叔。 3. “help each other get the ball ."采用了”help sb. (to) do sth. “的结构，意为：帮助某人做某事。 They try to help me (to) pass the examination. 他们尽力帮助我通过考试。 Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, it has also become a more popular sport to watch. 篮球不仅成为一种人们喜欢从事的体育活动，而且更成为受人们喜爱观看的一种体育 运动。 · 基本用法 本句中采用了”not only.but also"的结构，意为：“ 不仅.而且.”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分， 着重强调后者，其中also有时可以省略。 1. 连接主语： Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television. 不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。 2. 连接谓语动词 The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. 英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。 3. 连接宾语： Danny is good at not only music but also art. 丹尼不仅擅长音乐，还擅长美术。 4. 连接宾语补足语： Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. 浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。 5连接表语： Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also) an actor. 莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。 6连接状语： She can speak English not only correctly but also clearly. 她说英语不仅正确无误，还很清晰。 7. 连接定语： Man has become master not only of the sky but also of the space. 人类不但征服了天空，而且征服了太空。 Its difficult to be a famous basketball player because. 很难成为一个著名的篮球运动员，因为. · 基本用法 这句话的句型结构为：It +be+adj+(for sb) to do sth.意为“做某事（对某人来说）”。如： It is possible for him to win the game. 对于他来说赢得比赛是有可能的。 It is interesting for the students to organize the art festival by themselves. 学生们自己组织艺术节对他们来说是很有趣的。1. Sunglasses are used protecting eyes. A. from B. for C. to D. with2. He took my English-Chinese dictionary _ mistake. A. to B. by C. about D. on3. Have you seen the film coming home directed by Zhang Yimou?Not yet. Im _seeing it . Its said the film is great!A. looking down on B. looking out for C. looking up to D. looking forward to 4. They met each other_ and _ two months later. A. by accident, get married B. by accident, got married C. in accident, was married D. in an accident, married with5. The 18th Jiangsu Provincial Games will in September. Many students want to be volunteers.A. take place B. take part C. takes action D. take care解析：1. 本题考查be used for意为“用来做”，故选B.2. 本题考查固定短语搭配by mistake意为“由于错误”故选B。3.本题考查近义词组的辨析。句意为：-你看过张艺谋导演的电影归来了吗？-还没呢，我期待看一看，据说电影很棒！look down on的意思是“看不起，轻视”；look out for的意思是“搜寻（某人或某物）， 试图得到（某物）”； look up to的意思是“抬头看（某人或某物）， 尊重敬仰（某人）”；look forward to意思是“期待”。根据句意选D。4. 本题考查固定短语搭配by accident 偶然的和get married 结婚，因为前半句用的过去式，所以后半句也要用过去式。故选B。5. 本题考查动词短语辨析。句意为：第18届江苏省的运动会将在九月份举行。许多的学生想做志愿者。take place举行；take part参加；take action采取行动；take care注意。答案为A。基础演练根据句意及首字母提示完成单词.The Russians were the _ (先驱) of space travel.2. Music can offer _ (愉快) to us, so many people like listening to it.3. We have pencil boxes in all kinds of _ (款式).4. When I called Mike, he was _ (列出) the things he wanted to buy.5. Do you know when they will start the _ (项目)? 6. I dont like to eat oranges because they are too s. 7. There arent many cin the restaurant because of the bad weather. 8. There was only one apple, so mum dit into two halves and give them to us. 9. Many Olympic champions are regarded as hin our country. 10. Its hard to become a pbasketball player. You have to work hard. 答案: 1. pioneers 2. pleasure 3. styles 4. listing 5. project1. sour2. customers3. divided4. heroes 5. professional巩固提高二、根据汉语完成句子。1. 茶是偶然被发现的。Tea was discovered_. . 2. 根据这篇报道, 我们可以了解很多学生没有充足的睡眠。We can know many students dont have enough sleep the report. 3. 昨天一个小孩掉进井里被困了两个小时。A child the well andthere for two hours. 4. 据说那位老人是一名著名的科学家。 the old man is a famous scientist. 5. 那辆小汽车突然撞上了一棵大树, 幸运的是, 司机受伤并不严重。The car hit a big tree . Luckily, the driver wasnt hurt badly. 答案: 1. by accident2. according to 3. fell into; remained4. It is said that 5. all of a sudden三. 选择方框内合适的词填空。crispy, basket, popularity, salty, enjoyed1. Theof computer has risen around the world at the moment. 2. My grandmother used to take ato go shopping, but now she uses plastic bags. 3. Why do you like cookies? Because they are. 4. Ping-pong isby most Chinese, especially children and students. 5. The dish tastes terrible because its too. 答案: 1. popularity2. basket3. crispy4. enjoyed5. salty一单项选择。( ) 1. Stamps are _ letters.A. used to sending B. used to as C. used for sending D. been used to sending( ) 2. I took the wrong train _. I didnt even know it until half an hour later.A. by mistakes B. by mistake C. in mistake D. with mistake( ) 3. Edison _ the light bulb and Columbus _ America.A. discovered, discovered B. invented, discovered C. invented, invented D. discovered, invented( ) 4. _ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody( ) 5. The Olympic games of 2016 will _ in Brazil.A. be taken place B. take off C. take place D. be taken off( ) 9. - So kind of you to give me a ride to the station! - _.A. It doesnt matter B. Never mind C. Dont mention it D. My pleasure( ) 10. I dont like this kind of potato chips because they are not _.A. crispy B. sweet C. soft D. sour( ) 11. The water in the river has _ a lot because of the heavy rain.A. risen B. raised C. put D. gone( ) 12. A traffic accident happened at the street corner. A car _ a motorbike.A. came up with B. fell into C. went along with D. knocked into( ) 13. - _, you can work out the problem easily. - I understand. Thank you.A. On the way B. In this way C. By the way D. In a way答案：CBBAC DA ADB 二. 完形填空。先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。The invention of the camera goes far into the past. In the 1500s, men were experimenting with cameras that made images (图像). But it was not 1 the early 1800s that man found a way to make the pictures permanent（永久的). Even then, photography was a new field. Most families had their pictures 2 by photographers. People did not own cameras because taking pictures and developing the films (冲洗胶卷) were too difficult. In 1884, George Eastman changed photography 3 inventing a kind of film that could fit into a small camera. Because the new film was 4 to use, many people began to buy cameras. When they had 5 their films, people returned their cameras to the factory. There, the films were developed, and pictures were 6 . Then more films were put into the cameras, which were sent back to the owners, along with their pictures.Today's cameras are 7 easier to use, and people don't need films anymore. Photography has become a growing hobby. There are also many new jobs in the field of photography. One of the most important kinds of work is in news reporting. Newspapers, magazines, and televisions all need 8 to tell their stories. Photographers help 9 by taking pictures through microscopes and telescopes. Deep-sea divers take pictures of ocean plants and animals, while astronauts take their cameras into 10 . Man finds new uses for the camera every day.l. A. before B. until C. when D. while62. A. taken B. take C. taking D. took3. A. with B. in C. for D. by4. A. easy B. important C. impossible D. hard5. A. used for B. used by C. used to D. used up6. A. printed B. taken C. drawn D. bought7. A. more B. very C. quite D. much8. A. robots B. talks C. pictures D. radios9. A. teachers B. scientists C. workers D. students10. A. earth B. land C. space D. sea答案：15. BADAD610. ADCBC_一. 根据对话内容，从方框内选择合适的句子补全对话。（有两项多余）M: Do you know who the compass (指南针) was invented by? W: Of course. (1) Its one of the four great inventions of ancient China. They have changed the world greatly. M: (2) And when was it first invented?W: (3) But I know there were records of the South-pointing Fish (指南鱼) in the Song Dynasty.M: Exactly. People in the 10th century began to use the South-pointing Fish. W: (4) M: It was simple. When the fish was put into the water, its head would point to the south. W: It wasnt the first recorded compass, was it?M: (5) In the Warring States Period (战国时期), Sinan (司南) was widely used by people. W: So the history of the compass goes back to over 2,000 years ago?M: Thats true. A. No, of course not.B. How was Sinan invented then?C. How did it work?D. The South-pointing Fish was invented by accident, right?E. I am not sure.F. It was invented by the Chinese.G. Youve got a point. 答案: FGECA二阅读理解。AThomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the motion picture camera and 1200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting at a young age. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience did not end well. They fired him when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to spend much of his time in experimenting his first patent(专利权) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity. Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways. It kept conversations short, so that he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat. Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world.( )1. How often did Edison make a new invention?A. About every fourteen days B. About every seven days C. About once a week D. About twice a week ( )2. The underlined word “fired” in the passage means “_”A. Gave somebody a job B. Set fire to somebody C. Let somebody down D. Forced somebody to leave his job( )3. Edison considered his deafness as_ A. something bad B. a gift
