高考2022高三总复习教案：表语从句及同位语从句.doc

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1、高考总复习：表语从句及同位语从句编稿：陈玉莲 审稿：王春霞真题再现1. Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. why B. how C. whether D. that2. I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whether B. wha

2、t C. that D. how 3. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whether D. how 4. Modern science has given clear evidence _smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where5. Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is_ h

3、er never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 6. Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what7. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A. where

4、B. how C. when D. what8. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. what B. that C. why D. whether1. D。分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D选项。 2.C。that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，

5、补充说明同位语promise的内容。3. B。句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。 4. C。题意：抽烟会导致多种疾病，对此现代科学已经给出了明确的证据。本题考查同位语从句。evidence后的从句说明的是其具体内容，从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that引导同位语从句。 其他三项引导同位语从句都要在从句中作成分。5. D。本题考查表语从句的连接词。句意：我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来不会完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句

6、，which指代前面的整个句子hes more of a talker than a doer；在定语从句中，is后面为表语从句，由句意可知which指代的内容是表语从句内容的原因，故用why引导表语从句。6. D。分析句子结构，thats后面所带从句为表语从句；再看从句中do为及物动词，需要填入宾语，故填入连接代词what。7. A。“这就是我不同意的地方。”agree是不及物动词，所以用where引导表语从句。8. B。从句不缺成分，因此用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。知识讲解表语从句的连接词判断表语从句就是用一个句子

7、作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, howThe problem is how we can get the things we need.The scissors are not what I need.【高清课堂链接点：表语从句 高清ID：396513 】表语从句一般位于连系动词（如be，seem，remain等后）。The fact is that she never liked him.M

8、y point is that you have to face the problem.The question is whether we should accept their invitation.The city is no longer what it used to be.Thats where the battle took place.The question is whos responsible for what has happened.The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.as if引导的表语从句有时可用虚拟

9、语气，表示可能性小。He acted as if he hadnt eaten for a long time.It looks as if it is going to rain.表示建议、命令、要求一类的表语从句要用虚拟语气。My suggestion is that you should practice reading English every day.The order is that you stay where you are.His request is that his brother play with him.The requirement is that you sh

10、ould not smoke in that school.表语从句重点句型“That is why.”是常用句型， 意为“这就是的原因”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结。That is why I came. Thats why he got angry with me. （Thats why强调结果）because引导的表语从句强调原因。Thats because he didnt understand me.（Thats because强调原因）what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用t

11、hat引导，不宜用because。The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me.What I told him yesterday was that he had been promoted as the manager of the company. 同位语从句的连接词同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，它一般跟在抽象名词fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information

12、, question等之后，对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从句的词除连词that，whether外，还有连接代词what, which, who, 以及连接副词how，when，where，why等。The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.He made the suggestion that we go by train. There is no doubt that he is guilty. 由that，whether引导的同位语从句。Information ha

13、s been put forward whether more middle school graduates should be admitted into universities. 由连接代词引导的同位语从句。The question who should be the first has not been settled. 由连接副词引导的同位语从句。I have no idea when he will be back. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting

14、was put off.同位语从句常用句型The news comes that.Word comes that.The story goes that.Here is the fact that.I have no idea what / when / how / where.We are faced with the problem that/ whether/ when/ how.We still hold the belief that.There is little hope that.Is there any possibility that.?同位语从句与定语从句的区别定语从句中

15、的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征。同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。 The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

16、引导名词性从句的that和what的区别that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用, 且在宾语从句中有时可省略；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。That he said so made us angry .What he said at the meeting made us angry.China is no longer what it used to be.名词性从句的解题规律四种名词性从句都需要有一个连接性词在从句的开头。这个词是什么性质，要看它在从句中所作的成分，如果作的是主语、宾语、表语的话，这个词就是连接代

17、词；如果作的是各种状语，就叫连接副词；如果不作任何成分，就叫连接词。连接词：that, if, whether连接代词：who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever连接副词：when, where, how, why解题步骤：1. 根据选项特点、句子结构判断从句类型；2. 分析从句结构是否完整，成分残缺，选连接代词；成分完整，选连接副词。从句事实确定 that;不确定 whether/ if强调时间 when/ whenever强调程度修饰a./ adv how/ however强调地点 where/ wherever强调原因 why从句缺定语what/ whose物 what人 who/ whom/ whoever/ whomever有指定范围 which/ whichever缺宾语时，若表示“来自于何处？” where