高中英语读后续写高分必备结构.docx

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1、Step 1:读懂5W1HStep 2:四句定框架，设疑并解答，动作情绪和对话，结尾主题要升华Step 3:成句谋篇，升级句式l动作链1.动作的逻辑主语一致时：（动作由同一个人发出）动作三连结构：主语+谓语A,谓语B and谓语C非谓语结构：主要动作作谓语，次要动作作非谓语多个动作同时且主动发生：主+谓, doing sth.或doing sth. ,主谓老人坐在夕阳下+看报纸+听广播Theoldmansatunderthesunset,readingthenewspaperandlisteningtotheradio.多个动作有先后关系：先发生的动作非谓语用完成态Having done st

2、h,主+谓排了很久队+他被告知票卖完了Havingqueuedfor3 hours,hewastoldthatthetickethadbeensoldout.次要动作与主语为被动关系：Done sth.,主+谓孩子们被感动+哭了Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.2.独立主格结构（动作由不同主语发出时）：主语1+非谓语(次要动作），主语2+谓语(主要动作)l描写人物的情绪1.运用介词短语:介词(with/without, in, to, out of)+表示心情情绪的名词“with/without+宾语”表示“伴随着/有着”或者“没有” 1.

3、“Stop！”He shoutedwith anger(=angrily).2.“Sorry. I have no cash.”I saidwith embarrassment(=embarrassedly).“Toones+名词”表示“让某人的是”1.Toourgreatrelief(让我们如释重负的是)2.Toherastonishment(让她吃惊的是)In+名词，表示“地”1.Inastonishment/surprise(=astonishedly/surprisedly),theykepttheireyesopentoreadtheresults.3.Indelight(=deli

4、ghtedly)高兴地,theyenteredtheroom, singinganddancing.2.表示情绪的adj作状语:adj. andadj.（并列情绪形容词）,主+谓Speechlessandhappy,sheheldthetwinstightlyintoherarms,withtearswellingupinhereyes.【adj. andadj.（并列情绪形容词）,主+谓，with复合结构】Excited and pleased,the boysrushed to the lake, laughing and dancing.【adj. andadj.（并列情绪形容词）,主+

5、谓，非谓语A and B】3.无灵主语：表示情感状态的抽象名词作主语+有生命力的动词作谓语【常见的情绪名词】happiness, joy, delight开心快乐；excitement兴奋；surprise, astonishment惊奇惊讶；shame羞耻羞愧；anger愤怒；despair绝望；regret遗憾后悔；sorrow悲伤；horror惊恐；anxiety焦虑；disappointment失望沮丧；satisfaction满意满足；puzzlement困惑不解；eagerness渴望等【常见的谓语动词】seize侵袭；choke噎住堵住；flood充满；creep不知不觉产生；g

6、rip紧抓；give way to；wash over洗涤侵袭；deserted丢弃遗弃；well up涌出等。万能句型：a sense of/ a feeling of/ a wave of +情名+welled up in ones heart一种的感觉涌上某人的心头a sense of/ a feeling of/ a wave of +情感名词+washed over sb./ flooded over sb.sb.was/were seized bya great sense of +情绪名词被一种的感觉所控制sb.felta great sense of +情绪名词+welling

7、 up inones heart andsurging throughsb.某人感到一股强烈的.感觉在内心升腾、奔涌Aripple/flush/wave/surgeofsadnesswelledupinsidehim.他内心涌起一股悲伤。Awaveofhappinessandexcitementseized/tookholdof/sweptoverher.她内心涌起一阵兴奋。【ripple（感情的）逐渐扩散；flush一阵强烈情感；surge（情感的）涌起，翻涌】l人物对话：（一）掌握不同的效果的表示“说”的动词：（二）掌握不同的修饰“说”的状态：1.加人物描述（语言，标签词，描述：定语从句/

8、同位语/非谓语/.）a.“Idontthinkthesoldierslikeus,”saidSamuel,wholookedasifhewasabouttocry.b.“ He turned me out of the room this morning,said John, stamping his foot with excitement.“今天早上他把我赶出了房间,”约翰激动得跺着脚说。2.加语气:in a/an+形容词+tone即“用一种.的语气”“Iwouldloveto,” saidEmily，inapleasanttone.“我很乐意这样做，”艾米丽用一种愉快的语气说。3.加嗓音

9、:in a/an+形容词+voice即用一种.的声音”“Ididntmeanto,” shemurmuredinalowvoice.“我不是故意的，”她低声说。4.加情感（介词短语：with/in+情感名词；表情感的adj.;；非谓语动作链）a.“I.I. dontthinkImrightforthepart,”Irepliedwithembarrassment.“我.我.认为我不适合这个角色，”我尴尬地回答。b.“I didnt get an ideal score in the math exam,”said Tom,disappointed.“我在数学考试中没有得到理想的分数,”汤姆失望

10、地说。5.加副词“Iwillneverdothatagain,” Iansweredfirmly. “我再也不会那样做了，”我坚定地回答。l润色句子1.写好简单句（主谓宾、主系表）2.运用名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）和it(形主、形宾)主语从句What+情绪类动词+sb+was +名词/doing/that从句【What主语从句描述情绪，that表语从句描述情绪产生的原因】a.让我高兴的是放学之后和好友们一起打篮球。Whatdelightedme wasplaying basketball with my friends after school.b.让我惊讶的是To

11、m居然获得了英语演讲比赛的第一名。WhatsurprisedmewasthatTom won the first prize in the English Speech Contest.c.让Jane难过的是是时候和他们告别了。WhatsaddenedJanewasthatit was time to say goodbye to them.What+made+sb+情绪类形容词+was +名词/doing/that从句d.What made medelightedwasplaying basketball with my friends after school.e.Whatmade mes

12、urprisedwasthatTom won the first prize in the English Speech Contest.f.Whatmade meheartbrokenwasthatit was time to say goodbye to them.定语从句：Sb，who was a adj身份，did sth3.加修饰定语（adj./介短/描述性n./定从/非谓语）状语（adv./介短/状从）连接性副词：however、nevertheless、therefore、thus、moreover、furthermore和besides等状语从句：时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、

13、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句补语（动宾宾补：感官动词/使役动词+宾语+宾补（adj./介短/描述性n./非谓语）同位语（名词或从句）l高级句式独立主格主语1+谓语（主要动作），主语2（名词/代词）+adj/adv/介短/非谓语With/Without复合结构：With/Without+宾语+宾补（adj/adv/介短/非谓语）无灵主语1.情感状态类名词+谓语：( a burst / wave / surge / rush / sense / feeling of +）表情感状态的名词十动词sb，表“某人感到”或“一阵一种向某人袭来”。2.身体部位音容笑类名词+谓语【常见的部位外貌类名词】fac

14、e；laughter；smile；tear；words说的话等【常见的谓语动词】light up，brighten照亮；linger继续存留；well up涌出；flash闪烁；crumple弄皱；fill.with“用装满”等a.Hereyescloud overwith tears.b.My fingersshookwith anger.c.A(bright, sweet)voice interrupted us,“.”一个(清亮甜美)的声音打断了我们,“.”d.Myheartwasthumping/poundingwithexcitement.我激动得心砰砰跳。3.时间/地点/场景类名词

15、+谓语【常见的时间、地点类名词】silence，hush安静沉默；dusk黄昏；dawn黎明破晓；morning；afternoon；night等。【常见的谓语动词】see看见；witness见证；find发现；fall降临进入等。时间/地点witnessed/saw/foundsbs +名词/ doing sth：a.Beijinghaswitnessedgreatchangesinrecentyears.b.Duskfoundthelittlegirlcryinginthestreet.c.A sudden silencefell.突然一片鸦雀无声。d.My birthdayfallson

16、 a Monday this year.4.自然现象类名词+谓语【常见的自然现象类名词】sun；sunshine；moon；moonlight；fog雾，mist薄雾；rain；earthquake地震等。【常见的谓语动词】blanket覆盖；come；bring；prevent妨碍阻止；strike打击侵袭；threaten威胁/即将来临等。a.Intheseverewinter, anothersnowstormattackedthe whole world.b.Aheavyrainvisitedthe city.这个城市刚下过一场大雨。c.Anearthquakecomeslikeath

17、iefinthenight, withoutwarning.d.Therainpreventedmefromcoming.因为下雨，我不能来。5.行为动作的名词作主语+谓语【常见的行为动作类名词】thought想法, glance一瞥, look看到, idea想法, feeling感受, walk走路；sight看到等。【常见的谓语动词】overwhelm压倒；strike打击侵袭；arouse唤起；remind想起；fill. with充满.；change改变；bring带来等。Wordsfailedher.(=Shecouldntsayaword.)Aflashofmovementcau

18、ghtmyattention.(=Inoticedaflashofmovement.)It occurred to sb that sb should do sth.某人突然想到某人应该做某事。A brilliant idea flashed through ones mind that sb should do sth.一个绝妙的主意闪过脑海，让某人做某事。3种“某人想到”:句式1：idea, thought.+hit/struck/occurred to/dawned onsb.也可用it作形式主语：It suddenly hit/struck/occurred to/dawned on

19、sb.that从句，其中that从句是真正的主语。句式2: sth.crossed/flashed through/came to/popped into/jumped out ofsb.s mind也可用it作形式主语：It crossed/flashed through/sprang to/popped into/jumped out of sb. s mind that. .句式3: ones mind began to race/ones mind raced某人开始转动脑筋某人拼命地转动脑筋强调句式1：sb. do/did/does+动词原形，意为“的确、千万.”句式2：It is/

20、was被强调的部分that/who句子的其他部分句式3：It was not until .that sb did sth “就是直到.才”It was not until then thatIrealized that a flower might fade, a person might disappear and love would always find its way in peoples heart.就是直到那时我才意识到，一朵花可能凋谢，一个人可能消失，但是爱总会发现它前往我们心的路。It was not until then thatIrealised that the li

21、ttle action can really make a big difference in other peoples life.就是那个时候我才意识到一个小行为可以在别人的生活中产生大影响。倒装部分倒装：1.Never否定放句首；2.Only +状语（介词短语/副词/状语从句），位于句首；3.Hardly刚刚had sb.heard/seen sth when sb did sth某人刚听到/看到某事，就做了某事；4.Not only放句首（not only.but also不仅.而且）完全倒装：1.表示时间、地点、方位的状语置于句首时；2.Adj作表语放句首：So/Such+ adj./n.was /were sbthatsb did sth(so/such.that:如此.以至于)adj./n.+as/ though+主谓,主+谓：(as/though引导让步倒装句:表语或状语放句首)