2022英美合同法单词.docx
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1、2022英美合同法单词英美合同法单词篇一:英美合同法复习(单词)英美合同法复习之单词索引按课本出现顺序 Promise 允诺 Remedy 救济Competent persons 有相应行为能力之当事人Enforceable 可(由法律)强制执行的 Agreement 协议 P1Parties to the contract 合同当事人 Offeror 要约人 Offer 要约Offeree 受要约人 Acceptance 承诺 Assurance 确诺Manifestation of intent 意思表示 Commitment 许诺 Promisor 允诺人 Promisee 受允诺人 B
2、eneficiary 受益人 Consideration 约因 Benefit 利益 Detriment 损害 Advantage 利益Disadvantage 不利益Object of the contract 合同标的 Statute of Frauds 防止欺诈条例P2Formation 合同成立 Enforcement 强制执行 Performance 履行 Discharge 解除Bilateral contract 双务合同 Unilateral contract 单务合同A promise for a promise 以允诺换允诺A promise for an act 以允诺换
3、行为 P3Incomplete contract 不完全履行合同 Partial performance contract 部分履行合同Actual contract 真实合同 Express contract 明示合同 P4 Implied-in-fact contract 默示合同/事1实默示的合同 P5Quasi-contract 准合同 / implied-in-law contract 法律默示的合同Meeting of minds 合意 Injustice 不公正Unjust eichment 不当得利Objective theory of contract 合同客观理论Inten
4、t 意图Resonably prudent person standard 合理谨慎人的标准 In jest 开玩笑 In anger 生气In excitement 兴奋状态 Invalid 无效 P6 Formal contract 要式合同 Contacts under seal 盖印合同 Recognizance 具结 Acknowledge 承认Negotiable instruments 可转让票据 Letters of credit 信用证 Invoice 发票;发货单 Bill of lading 提单Informal contract 非要式合同/simple contrac
5、t 简单合同 P8 Valid contract 有效合同 Void contract 无效合同Voidable contract 可撤销合同Unenforceable contract 不可强制执行的合同Contractual capacity 订约能力Nondisclosure agreement/NDA 保密协议Minors 未成年人Insane persons 精神病者 Intoxicated persons 酗酒人 Duress 胁迫Undue influence 不正当影响 Fraud 欺诈 P9Cases involving mutual mistake 双方都有误解的合同Con
6、tract at will 任意合同 Excuted contract/performedcontract/completed contract 已履行/已完成的合同Excutory contract 待执行合同 P10Sources of contract law 合同法的渊源 Common law 普通法/judge-made law 法官造法General principle 一般法律原则The Uniform Commercial Code/UCC 统一商法典National Conference of Commission on Uniform State Law 美国统一州级法律委
7、员会全国大会 Draft 起草(法律) Merchant 商人P11Restatement of the law, Second:Contracts 法律整编第二版:合同法 The American Law Institute 美国法学会The Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods/CISG 联合国国际货物买卖销售合同公约Firm offer rule 实盘规则(不可撤销要约规则)Mailbox rule 发信主义 Battle of forms 格式之争 Mirror image rule 镜像规则 P12Ju
8、risprudential foundation 法理学基础Legal realism 法律现实主义 Open-ended standard 开口标准 Formalities 形式 Make whole 填平Electronic Signature Act 电子签章法 P13Electronic sound 电子声音 Electronic symbol 电子符号 Electronic process 电子程序 Preserve 保留 In writing 书面Laissez-faire 放任政策Freedom of contract 合同自由 P142Classical law of cont
9、racts 古典合同法理论Objective rules 客观规则 Certainty 确定性Predictability 可预见性Chain of distribution for goods 物流链 Form contract 标准合同Automobile contract 汽车买卖合同 Mortgage contract 抵押合同Sale contracts for consumer goods 消费品买卖合同Legal theories 法律原理/理论 Oppressive 强制性 Decisional law 判例法Small-town virtue 小城道德标准 Interest
10、of business 商业的利益 Rural context 农村环境 Urban context 城市环境 P15 Defenses to the enforcement of a contract 对合同履行的抗辩 Trade usage 行业惯例Specific performance 强制履行 Expectation interest 预期利益 Reliance interest 信赖利益Substitute performance 替代履行 Restitution 恢复原状Genuineness of assent 同意的真实性 Duress 胁迫Undue influence 不
11、正当影响 Fraud 欺诈 P16Writing and form 书面和形式问题 Equity 衡平Court of common law 普通法院Chancery court/court of equity 衡平法院Fairness 公平Moral rights道德权利 Natural law 自然法Doctrine of equity 衡平准则 P17Lawyers 法律人 Case law 判例法Public policy 社会公共政策 P19Novation (合同)更新 Liquidated damages 违约金Covenant of good faith 善意条款 P20Mut
12、ual assent 双方同意A reasonably prudent person 合理谨慎人 P21 Offeror 要约人 Offeree 受要约人 Promise 承诺 Accept 承诺Invitation to negotiate 要约邀请/谈判邀请Form letter 格式信函 Quote 报价Promissory estoppel 允诺禁反言;不得自食其言 P22Standard of offer 判断要约的标准 A reasonable person 合理人标准 P31Prevail 优先 P33 Terms of offer 要约的条件P38Open terms 开放条款
13、Gap-filling rule 空隙填补规则 Time of performance 履行时间 P40Quantum meruit 按劳付酬;按合理价格支付;质量价值Quasi contract 准合同 P43 Communication of offer 要约的传达 Supported by consideration 有约因支持的Option 选择权Irrevocable 不可撤销的Firm offers 不可撤销的要约/实盘要约 P47Offers in auction 拍卖的要约Auction without reserve 无保留的拍卖Auction wiht reserve 有保
14、留的拍卖 Collateral contract 附随合同;附属契约 P50Auction in electronic commerce 电子3商务拍卖 P53Termination of offer 要约的终止 P54Lapse of time 逾时;期满失效 P55Revocation of offer 要约的撤回 P56Offerees refusal of offer 受要约人拒绝要约Counter-offer 反要约Mirror acceptance 镜像规则 P62Option 选择权 P64 Termination by law P65Terms and conditions 条
15、款和条件 Counter-offer 反要约Mirror acceptance rule 镜像承诺规则 P68Cross offers 交叉要约 P71Indefiniteness 缺乏确定性;不确定性 P72Meeting of minds 达成合意Entry-into-force time of acceptance 承诺的生效时间Acceptance-upon-dispatch rule/mailbox rule 承诺发出主义/投邮主义 P73Quiet title to the land 确认土地所有权 P74Option contract 选择权合同 P75 Promise 允诺Pe
16、rformance 履行 P77 General contractor 总承包商 Subcontractor 次承包商 P82 Malpractice 玩忽职守;不当执业 P86Implied-in-fact contract 事实默示的合同 P87Good faith 诚信原则Reasonableness 合理性原则 P93Commercial reasonableness 商业合理性 P94Unconscionability不正当;显失公平;不受良心控制Liquidated damage clause 预定损害赔偿条款Battle of the forms 格式信函之战 P95Gap-fi
17、lling rule 空隙填补规则 Merchantability 适售性 P96Proposals for addition to the contract 对合同的补充建议 P97 Different terms 不同条款 Additional terms 额外条款 Merchants 商人Non-merchants 非商人Materially alter 实质性变更 Complaint 抱怨 Warranty 担保Merchantability 适售性 Fitness 合目的性 P98Impacts of E-commerce and web-laws on the forms 电子商务
18、与网络法对格式合同的影响Shrink wrap license 拆封许可 P102Public policy 公共政策 P103 An enforceable contract 有强制力的合同Consideration 约因Inducement/incentives 诱因 Detriment 损害Impelling influence 强有力的影响因素Bargaining 讨价还价Legal detriment or disadvantage 法律上的损失或不利益 Quid pro quo 对价 Gift 赠与 P112Contract in signed writing 经签署的书面合同Su
19、pported by consideration 已受约因支持Contract under seal 盖印合同 Forbearance 忍耐/克制 P115 Sufficient consideration 充分的约因 Gift promise 赠与的允诺 P1164Nominal consideration 名义上的约因Shocks the conscience of the court 震惊法庭的良心Adequacy of consideration 约因的适当性 P123Sufficiency of consideration 约因的充分性Nominal 有名无实的;名义上的 Equit
20、y 衡平法 P124Forbearance from suit 容忍不诉 Past consideration 过去的约因 Moral obligation 道德义务 P125 Quantum meruit 所提供服务之实际价值Good consideration 有效的约因 P126Moral consideration 道德约因 Legal consideration 法律约因 P131Pre-existing duty 既存的义务 P132Modification of contract 合同的修改 P135Sales contract 买卖合同 Termination 终止(合同) R
21、escission 解除(合同) Unforeseen and unanticipated circumstances 无法预料、不曾预见之情况Estoppel 禁反言 Waiver 弃权 P137Executory contract 待履行合同Compromising an existing claim 既存请求权的妥协Bona fide dispute “真实的”或“善意的争议” P139 Accord 新债清偿合同 Satisfaction 满足Accord and satisfaction 新债清偿合同与满足 P140Illusory promise 虚假允诺Mutuality of
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