2022大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book,3Unit,2-passage,a-词汇充电难点精讲.docx

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1、2022大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book,3Unit,2-passage,a-词汇充电难点精讲1 angle n. the space between two lines or surfaces that meet or cross each other 角，角度；观点，看法：Consider all angles of the question. 考虑这问题的各个方面。 These two lines form a right angle. 这两条线成始终角。 The two roads lie at an angle of about 45 degrees.这两条路交叉成 45 度角。

2、 The reporter wrote the story from the political angle. 记者从政治角度写了这篇报道。vt. fish with line and hook; try and obtain sth by hinting 钓鱼；运用示意手段以期获得某事物：He angled with an artificial fly. 他用假蝇钓鱼。 She angled for a good name. 她沽名钓誉。【联想】angled adj. 成角度的；angling n. 钓鱼；angler n. 垂钓者；acute angle 锐角；obtuse angle 钝

3、角；right angle 直角 【短语】at a different angle 从不同角度 at an angle 倾斜地, 成肯定角度 from various angles 从各种不同角度 get a new angle on sth.口用新的观点来看问题 make an angle of. with 与„„成„„角meet at right angles 相交成直角 cross at right angles 相交成直角 take the angle 测角度 angle for( 运用手段) 谋取; ( 通过间接途径) 谋取; ( 运用

4、手腕) 追求 2 apparently adv. obviously, clearly 明显的：Apparently, you have done a lot of work. 很明显你们已经做了许多工作。Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk.公牛对挑衅明显很敏感, 它全然不顾斗牛士, 却向醉汉冲去。 Apparently she was trying her best to save her child from severe illn

5、ess. 很明显, 她在尽力设法挽救她那重病的孩子。【联想】appear v. 出现，显露；看起来像；apparent adj. 明显的；表面上的 形近词 implement v. 贯彻、执行；supplement n. 补充 【考题】_ she was trying her best to save her child from severe illness. A. Appearly B. Apparently C. Appealingly D. Appellant 【详解】答案 B。题意为：很明显，她在尽力设法挽救她那重病的孩子。无 appearly 一词；appealingly 动人地，

6、有吸引力地；appellant 上诉的。3 atom n. the smallest part of an element that can exist chemically 原子：A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. 一个水分子是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成的 【联想】atomic adj. 原子的；nucleus n. 原子核；nuclear adj. 原子核的 【短语】smash . to atoms 把„„砸炸得粉碎/ not an atom

7、 of 一点也没有, 丝毫没有 4 condense v. to reduce in size：A long story may be condensed into a few sentences.一个长篇故事可缩写成几句话。Steam is condensed to water when it touches a cold surface. 水蒸气触及冷的表面即凝聚成水。【联想】利用词中词巧辨同义词：dense 浓缩→ condense 浓缩 press 压 → compress 压缩 tract 拉 → contract 收缩 【考题】A long story

8、 may be _ into a few sentences. A. shortened B. condensed C. contracted D. abbreviated 【详解】答案:B。句意：一个长篇故事缩写成几句话。四个选项都有缩短之意。shorten使变短；abbreviate缩写，尤指字母的缩写形式；contract 浓缩；condense 精简，浓缩。5 convince v. to make someone completely certain about something 使确信，使信任：He convinced me that I should study law. 他劝

9、我应当学法律。 It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt. 花费了很多个小时法庭才信任他有罪。【联想】convinced adj. 确信的，信服的；convincing adj. 令人信服的；convincingly adv. 有劝服力地 【考题】The secret agent concealed her real mission, therefore many local people were _ into thinking that she was a good person. A. betrayed B. driven

10、 C. deceived D. convinced 【详解】答案:C。句意：这个特工隐藏了她的真实身份，因此很多当地人被她欺瞒了，认为她是一个好人。betray v. 背叛；drive v. 驱动，驱逐；convince v. 使信服；deceive v. 欺瞒。【短语】be convinced of 确信， 承认 be convinced that 确信， 承认 convince sb. of使某人承认， 使某人信服 convince oneself of 充分弄明白清晰 6 create v. to bring something new into existence 创建：God cre

11、ated man. 宗上帝创建了人。【联想】派生词 creation n.创建； creative adj. 有创建性的 【考题】We have _ a beautiful new house from an old ruin. A. produced B. created C. made D. generated 【详解】答案:B。句意：在旧废墟上我们已建起一所美丽的新居子。produce 生产，制造；create 从无到有的创建；make 制造；generate 生产，在产生。【辨异】create, compose, design, invent, make, produce 都含创建的意

12、思。 (1) create 指有目的地把原材料制成新产品；也指 创建出原来不存在或别出心裁的事物。 (2) compose 指 创作( 诗、画、音乐或文章等)，如：The poet composed a new poem. 这位诗人创作了一首新诗。 (3) design 指制作某物之前深思熟虑地构思，如：It was he that designed the garden. 这个花园是他设计的。 (4) invent 指通过想象、探讨、劳动，创建出前所未有的东西，尤指科技上的独创创建，如：Edison invented the light bulb.爱迪生独创了电灯泡。 (5) make是最常

13、用词，指用劳动任何制造、生产、形成或组成，如：All kinds of precision machine tools are made in this factory. 这家工厂制造各种精密机床。 (6) produce 指通过劳动加工而生产产品，尤指工农业产品，如：We must produce more food for ourselves and import less. 我们必需增产食品，削减进口。7 curiosity n. the desire to know or to learn 新奇心：He is full of curiosity.他充溢了新奇心。【联想】curious

14、adj. 新奇的；形变类似：generous adj. 慷慨的→ generosity n. 慷慨 【短语】be on tiptoe with curiosity 充溢新奇心 from curiosity (=out of curiosity) 在新奇心驱使下 in open curiosity 公然出头过问与自己无关的事 set sb.’s curiosity agog 引起某人的新奇心 C-killed a cat.新奇伤身。8 detail n. an unimportant part of something/ a single piece of fact abo

15、ut something 细枝末节，琐碎/细微环节：Give me all the details of the accident tell me what happened in detail. 给我说说事故发生的详情，具体告知我发生了什么事。 Not a single detail is to be omitted. 任何细微环节不得遗漏。 There is too much detail in his speech. 他的讲话太琐碎了。【联想】熟tailor( 裁缝) →根tail(=cut 裁，切，分割) →生detail；retail 零售 【短语】enter i

16、nto details 详述, 逐一细说 go into details 详述, 逐一细说 in detail具体地 detail by detail 逐一 9 device n. a piece of equipment intended for a particular purpose 装置，设备：These newly-designed devices will appear on the exhibition next month. 这些新设计的器件将在下月的展览会上展出。 means 方法，设计：Their proposal was only a device to confuse

17、the opposition. 他们的提议只是迷惑对手的计策。【考题】The police set a _ to catch the thieves. A. plan B. device C. trap D. trick 【详解】答案:C。句意：警方设了一个圈套抓住了小偷。plan n. 安排；device n. 设备；trick n. 阴谋；trapn. 陷阱，圈套。【短语】leave sb. to his own devices 对某人不闻不问, 听任某人自行其是；让某人自己去想方法 10 essence n. the central or most important quality o

18、f a thing 本质，精髓：He is in essence a reclusive sort.他本质上具有一种隐士的气质 Time is of the essence. 时间就是生命 【考题】The _ of his religious teaching is love for all humanity. A. fact B. importance C. essence D. sense 【详解】答案:C。句意：他的宗教讲义的核心是博爱。fact 事实；importance 重要性；essence 精髓；sense 感觉。【短语】in essence 本质上；大体上；其实 / of th

19、e essence 肯定须要的，不行缺少的，极重要的 11 evidence n. information that gives a reason for believing something or proves something 证据：Can you show me any evidence for your statement? 你能给我看你供词的证据吗? The police have evidence that the killer was an old woman.警察有证据证明, 凶手是个老年妇女。【联想】evident adj. 明显的，明白的 【辨异】(1) evidenc

20、e证据，即证明某事正确的凭据，一般表示抽象意义。如：Running away was evidence of his guilt. 逃跑是他有罪的证据。 (2) proof 证据，证明，一般指实物证据。如：Give me some proof of what you say. 给我供应一些你所说的证据。 (3) witness见证，多作证人，目击者来讲。如：He was called as a witness at the trial. 在法庭上他被称作目击证人。12 evident adj. obvious to the eye or mind; clear 明显的，清晰的：The appl

21、ause made it evident the play was a hit.掌声明显表明该剧是胜利的。 It’s evident that you are tired. 明显你累了。【考题】It is _ that they have no experience in his work. A. obvious B. evident C. evocative D. evolutionary 【详解】答案:B。句意：很明显，他们做这项工作没有阅历。obvious 一目了然，无需证明；evident 依据某些迹象或事实加以肯定的推理后而自不待言；evocative 引起„

22、„记忆的，唤起„„感情的；evolutionary 进化的，演化的。【辨异】evident, obvious, apparent 意思都含明显的 (1) evident 多用于推理及抽象的事, 指明显的，如：It’s evident that the plan is impracticable. 很明显这安排是不能实现的。 (2) obvious 指简单知道或发觉, 无须说明或证明的，如：It’s obvious that a man isn’t strong enough to lift an elephant.很 明显

23、, 一个人是不能举起大象的。 (3) apparent 含一目了然的的意思, 还可指思想上简单理解的，如：It’s apparent that he can’t be trusted. 很明显，他是不行信任的。13 fundamental adj. (of a quality, idea, development, etc.) being at the base or essential 基础的：a fundamental difference between their aims 他们目标的根本差异 of the greatest importance 最重要的：Fr

24、esh air is fundamental to goodhealth. 空气簇新是身体健康之必需。【考题】Accuracy is _ to the programming of computers. A. primary B. elementary C. fundamental D. characteristic 【详解】答案:C。句意：精确对电脑程序来说是必不行少的。fundamental 重要的。原句为be.to.结构，依据题意，该结构意思应为对„„非常重要，只有 fundamental 有这种用法，A、B、D 项均不合题意。14 genius n. great

25、 and rare powers of thought, skill, or imagination 天赋：a genius for mathematics 数学的天分a person of very great ability or very high intelligence 天才，才子：He’s a genius at mathematics.他是个数学天才。【考题】Einstein was a _. A. genie B. genesis C. genuine D. genius 【详解】答案 D。题意：爱因斯坦是一个天才。genie 神怪，妖怪；genesis 起源；ge

26、nuine 真正的；genius 超乎寻常的天才，语气较强，复数形式为 genuises；talent，gift 与 genius 近义，可在实践中发展或完善，gift 泛指天赋的才能。【辨异】genius, gift, talent 意思都是天赋、才能。 (1) genius 在这组同义词中程度最高，指最全面的天才，也可指有天才的人，如：Li Bai was a great genius. 李白是个宏大的天才。 (2) gift 侧重天赋，如：She has a gift for music. 她有音乐天赋。 (3) talent 侧重才能，如：He showed great talent

27、in language. 他显示出语言才能。15 insight n. the power of the mind to reason and acquire knowledge (contrasted with feeling and instinct) 智力，才智，领悟力( 与感情及本能相对)：I never questioned my father’s insight. 我对我父亲的洞察力从不置疑。【考题】These excursions will give you an even deeper _ into our language and culture. A. inqu

28、iry B. investigation C. input D. insight 【详解】答案:D。句意：这几次游玩会使你对我们的语言和文化有更深的了解。insight一词意为了解，洞察力。因此，insight 为正确答案。inquiry 意为询问，调查。investigation 意为调查。input 意为投入，输入。【短语】a man of insight 有洞察力的人 gain an insight into 了解, 熟识; 看透, 识破 have an insight into 了解, 熟识; 看透, 识破 16 invisible n. that cannot be seen 看不见

29、的，无形的：It was so cloudy that the top of the mountain was invisible. 天很阴，看不见山顶。 When I called, their head was invisible. 我去探望时, 他们的负责人没有露面。【联想】visible adj. 看得见的；vision n. 视觉；visual adj. 视觉的 【考题】The damage to his car was _; therefore, he could not repair it himself. A. considerable B. appreciable C. ne

30、gligible D. invisible 【详解】答案:D。句意：看不出来车哪里坏了，所以他自己修不了。considerable 相当大的，值得考虑的；appreciable 可感知的，可评估的；negligible 可以忽视的，无足轻重的，很小的，微乎其微的。【短语】invisible green 深绿 invisible ink 显隐墨水 invisible line 隐线, 塞线 invisible loss 看不见的损失, 蒸发损失 invisible to the naked eye 肉眼看不见的 17 patience n. the ability to accept delay

31、, or suffering without complaining 耐性，忍耐力，耐性：Have patience; the bus will come soon. 耐性点，公共汽车快来了。 Patience is a plaster for all sores. (谚) 忍耐可减轻一切苦痛。We shall all remember Mr Page for his patience and understanding.我们大家都会记得,佩奇先生既耐性又体谅人。【联想】patient n./adj. 病人/ 有耐性的 【短语】angelic patience (=the patience o

32、f Job) 极大的耐性 be out of patience with 对„„忍无可忍 of all patience with 对„„忍无可忍 enough to try the patience of a saint 圣人也忍受不了 have no patience with 对„„不能容忍; 对„„没有耐性 be patient with sb. /of sth. 容忍某人/ 某物 18 persist v. insist 坚持：On the top of very high mountai

33、ns snow persists throughout the year.高山顶上, 积雪终年不化。【联想】派生词 persistence 坚持不懈 【考题】If you _ causing troubles, the company will have to dismiss you. A. persevere in B. persist in C. insist with D. insist in 【详解】答案:B。句意：假如你坚持制造麻烦，公司会开除你的。persevere in (with) 坚持( 持续) 某种详细行为，不屈不挠，用于褒义；insist on 指坚持某种看法、主见；pe

34、rsist in (with) 坚持，一般用于贬义。【短语】persist in sth. 坚持做某事/persist in doing sth. 坚持做某事/persist with 接着努力, 坚持不懈 19 persistence n. the ability of continuing in a course of action or way of behaving 坚持不懈：He has won wide recognition in this field. 他在这一领域里赢得广泛赞誉。【联想】派生词 recognize v. 相识，认出；recognizable adj. 可承认的

35、；recognizably adv. 可分辨地；recognizance n. 保证书。【短语】alter / change beyond recognition 变更得使人认不出; alter / change out of recognition 变更得使人认不出 20 respond v. give a verbal or written answer ( 以口头或书面方式) 回答：I offered him a drink but he didn’t respond. 我请他喝酒，但他未作回答。 to act in return or in answer 回报或回复以回报或

36、回答行动：The patient has responded rapidly to the treatment. 病人在治疗后立即有起色。 The plane responds well to the controls. 这飞机对操纵反应灵敏。【联想】已知：动expend 名expense 易记：动respond 名response【短语】respond to 作为对„„的回答；作为对„„的反应 21spark v. to be the cause of; to lead to 激发：A cheering crowd sparked the ru

37、nner to triumph.加油的人群鼓舞着跑步运动员直到取得成功。to give out or produce sparks 冒火花，发出大火星：Her eyes sparked with fury.她气得两眼冒火。n. a small bit of burning material thrown out by a fire or by the striking together of two hard objects 火花，火星：A single spark can start a prairie fire.星星之火, 可以燎原。 There was a wild spark in h

38、is eyes.他的两眼炯炯发光。 He showed not a spark of interest. 他丝毫不感 爱好。【联想】sparkling adj. 闪耀的，闪闪发光的；sparkle vi. n. 闪闪发光，闪耀；sparkless adj. 不闪光的 【短语】make the sparks fly 干得特别主动; 进行得特别热情 not a spark of 毫无, 一点都不 strike sparks out of sb. 激发某人的聪慧才智, 引起某人大发争论 spark sth. off (=spark off sth.) 使爆炸, 引爆; 喻导致; 引起 spark o

39、ut 断火; 无火花磨削 22 stir v. to move a liquid around and mix something into it with a spoon or a similar object 使„„动，搅动：He put sugar in his tea and stirred it. 他把糖放进茶里并搅拌它。 The leaves stirred in the wind. 树叶在风中摇动。 No one was stirring in the house. 全家都在休息。 to produce (strong feelings) in (some

40、one) 激起：He was deeply stirred by the news. 他深为这项消息所激烈。【考题】The news _ deep feeling in me. A. stirred B. excited C. stuck D. moved 【详解】答案 A。题意：这消息深深地感动了我。stir 指激起内心剧烈的感情；excite 通过行为使人产生剧烈的感情反应；stick 刺，扎，粘贴；move 感动。【辨异】stir, arouse, excite (1) stir 激烈，指从起先的安静状态被扰动或本身起先运动，可及物也可不及物。 (2) arouse 激起，引起，仅有及物

41、意义，指通过某种行为使人或事物产生反应。 (3) excite 刺激，使激烈，指通过行为使人产生剧烈的感情反应，只有及物意义。【短语】stir sb. from sound sleep 把某人从熟睡中唤醒 stir memories of 唤起对„„的回忆 stir interest in sth. 引起对某事的爱好 stir sb.’s sympathy 激起某人的怜悯 stir new thinking 激发新思想 stir violent protests 煽动暴力抗议 stir fiery debate 挑起激烈的争辩 stir up 搅起，搅拌 2

42、3 structure n. an arrangement or organization; something formed of many parts 结构：We learnt about the structure of the brain today. 今日我们学习了大脑的构造。 building 建筑物：The builders had put up a tall structure between the shops. 建筑工人已经在商店之间建起一座高层建筑。【考题】The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous _ in the world.

43、 A. framework B. constitutions C. instructions D. structures 【详解】答案 D。题意：埃菲尔铁塔是世界上闻名的建筑之一。structure 建筑物；framework 指在事物中构成基本形态及支撑其他部分的框架，构架；constitution 结构，构成，成分；instruction 指示，指导，教育。【辨异】(1) building建筑物，最一般用语，如房屋、仓库、教堂、学校等，如：The newhospital is a big building. 这所新医院是一座大建筑物。 (2) structure建筑物，比 building

44、 包含的内容广泛，包括桥、塔、要塞等，如：On the way home we saw a structure of foreign style. 在回家的路上，我们看到一座异国情调的建筑物。【用法】(1) structure 作结构；构造解时，一般是不行数名词。如：economic structure 经济结构； (2) structure 作建筑物解时，是可数名词。如：a tall structure 一个高大的建筑物 24 twist v. to turn 转动，旋动：Twist the lid to open it. 拧这盖儿打开它。 to turn a number of threa

45、ds together 捻，搓：String is made of threads twisted together. 绳子是由卷捻在一起做成的。 to hurt (a joint) as in an accident 扭伤( 关节)：He twisted his wrist. 他扭伤了手腕 to turn and curve 扭头：She twisted around to see what was happening. 她扭过头去看看发生了什么。【短语】a twist in one’s tongue 发音不清, 口齿不清 a twist on the shorts 杀空头(抬高

46、市价, 使抛空盘者受到损失) twist it down 狼吞虎咽 twist of the wrist 奇妙的手法 twist off 扭断; 扭拧开 twist up 把„„卷成螺旋形; 扭弯; 歪曲 twists and turns 迂回曲折之处; 各个角落; 精微处 25 ultimate adj. being or happening at the end of a process or course of action 最终的，最终的：the ultimate objective 最终目标/the ultimate truth 最终真理 basic or f

47、undamental 根本的，首要的：an ultimate truth. 根本的事实/ultimate principles 基本原则 【短语】in the ultimate 到最终，最终 【辨异】(1) ultimate adj. 最终的，终极的，主要的，如：ultimate cause 终极缘由 (2) final adj. 最终的，最_后的，如：the final scene of a film. 电影的最终场面 (3) last adj. 最终的，末尾的，如：the last day in the year 一年中最末一天 26 come over to make a short i

48、nformal visit 来访，造访：He came over to see me yesterday.昨天他来探望了我。 Whenever in trouble, she would come over to us for help. 无论何时有困难，她都会来找我们帮忙。【短语】come about 出现；发生 come across 偶然遇到或找到： come along 进展对一个目标有进步；前进： come around or come round 复原，还原： come at 获得；得到： come by 占有；取得；访问 come down 失去财宝或地位： come in 到达： come out 成为众所周知；发行或发表； 27 come up with to think of (a plan, reply, etc.); to produce 想出，供应：The students